2023年小升初：小学英语复习资料汇总大全.docx

小升初英语考试中单项选择比例占到15%30%,同时，在其他各种题型中也都涉及到大 量的语法学问。进行系统的语法的学习特别必要。重点词汇积累。词汇量：一般重点中学的小升初英语考试，都要求学生具有2023到3000 的词汇量，而且要求学生能读、能听懂这些单词，甚至要求孩子会拼法。许多孩子认为小升 初英语考试卷中的英文奥数题比较难，主要障碍就是许多单词不会，这样扣分之后，跟其他 孩子就有差距了。实际运用实力：学问学到手会用才是关键。详细学问点：第一部分;基础学问字母：26个字母的大小写ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz2.语音：元音的发音 五个元音字母：AEIOU12 个单元音:长元音：/a:/, /:/, /:/, /i:/, /u:/短元音：/e/i/八/u/3.词汇：词汇量，近反义词4.句子：大小写，标点符号其次部分：语法学问一 .名词：名词单复数，名词的格(-)名词单复数1 . 一般状况，干脆加s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2 . 以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,力Hes, 如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3 .以一辅音字母+y | 结尾，变 y 为 i,再加-es,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4 .以一f 或 fell 结尾,变f 或fe 为 v,再加-es,如：knife-knives5 .不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不行数名词的复数就是原型：paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea(二)名词的格(1)有生命的东西的名词全部格：a)单数后加 's 如：Lucy 's ruler my father 's shirtb)以s结尾的复数名词后加'如:his friends ' bagsc)不以s结尾的复数后加"s children 's shoesI并列名词中，假如把's加在最终一个名词后，表示共有，如：Tom and Mike 's car汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车I要表示全部物不是共有的，应分别在并列名词后加'sTom 's and Mike 'scars汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用一of +名词II来表示全部关系：如：a picture of the classroom a map of China二 .冠词：不定冠词，定冠词种类：(1)不定冠词：a / an(2)元音读音开头的可数名词前用an:an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an hour an old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /(3)定冠词：the 2.用法：定冠词的用法：(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物：The ruler is on the desk.(2)复述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物：The boys aren 't at school.(4)在序数词前：John 's birthday is February the second.(5)用于固定词组中：in the morning / afternoon / evening不用冠词的状况：(1)专出名词前:China is a big country.(2) 名词前有定语：this , that, my, your, some, any, no 等：This is my baseball.(3)复数名词表示一类人和事：Monkeys can 't swim. They are teachers.(4)在节日,日期，月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It 's Sunday.(5) 一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30.(6)球类 棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但 乐器前要用定冠词：I play the guitar very well.(7)学科名称前：My favorite subject is music.(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前：This is Mr Li.(9)固定词组中：at noon at night by bus四、形容词，副词：比较级，最高级(一)、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带 有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格(口 语中可用宾格)。2 .形容词加er的规则：(1) 一般在词尾加er ；(2)以字母e结尾，加r ；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；(4)以一辅音字母+y II结尾，先把y变i,再加er。3 .不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful(二)副词的比较级1 .形容词与副词的区分(有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动)在句子中形 容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后 副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2 .副词比较级的变更规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变更：well-better, far-farther)五 数词：基数词，序数词一、基数词(1) 1-20one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty(2) 21-99先说一几十II ,再说一几II ,中间加连字符。23->twenty-three, 34-thirty-four, 45fortyfive, 56-fifty-six, 67fsixty-seven, 78 f seventy-eight, 89f eighty-nine, 9Lninety-one(3) 101999先说一儿百“，再加and,再加末两位数或末位数；586f five hundred and eighty-six, 803->eight hundred and three(4) I, 000以上，先从右往左数，每三位数加一个一，II ,第一个一，H前为thousand. 其次个一，II 前为 million,第三个一,II 前为 billion 1, OOlone thousand and one18, 423f eighteen thousand, four hundred and twenty-three6, 260, 309->six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750, 000, 000, 000-1seven hundred and fifty billion二、序数词(1) 一般在基数词后加theg.four->fourth, thirteenfthirteenth(2)不规则变更oneffirst, twosecond, threefthird, fivefifth, eight->eighth, ninef ninth, twelve 一twelfth(3)以y结尾的十位整数，变y为ie再加thtwenty-* twentieth，fortyf fortieth，ninetyf ninetieth(4)从二十一后的一儿十儿II直至一儿百儿十儿H或一儿千儿百儿十儿II只将个位的 基数词变为序数词。twenty-first, two hundred and forty-fifth基数词转为序数词的口诀： 基变序，有规律, 词尾加上-th.一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t,d,d.八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty将y变成i, th 前面有个e.若是遇到几十几，前用基来后用序。六、介词：常用介词：in, on, at, behind 等1. at表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)。at 1： 00 (dawn, midnight, noon)在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午)2. on1)表示详细日期。注：(1)关于11在周末”的几种表示法:一乐at (on) the weekend 在周末一特指 艇 at (on) weekends 在周末一泛指 丁 over the weekend在整个周末 during the weekend耻在周末期间耻(2)在圣诞节,应说at Christmas糙而不说on Christmas £ 2)在(刚)的时候。On reaching the city he called up his parents. 一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。3. in1)表示“时段“、”时期“，在多数状况下可以和during互换，前者强调对比，后者强调 持续。in (during) 1988 (December, the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪) 七、动词：动词的四种时态：(1) 一般现在时：一般现在时的构成be动词:主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。当主语 为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词后加或,-es”。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜爱汉 语。动词+S的变更规则1. 一般状况下，干脆加-s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2. 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾,力口-es, 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以一辅音字母+y |结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies(2) 一般过去时：动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：A、规则动词 一般干脆在动词的后面加ed：如worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词干脆加d：如lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed (此类动词较少)如study - studied carry-carried worry - worried (留意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类) 双写最终一个字母(此类动词较少)如stopped B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则， 须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing - sang, eat - ate ,see - saw, have - had , do - did , go - went, take - took, buy - bought, get - got, read - read ?fly - flew, am/is - was,are - were, say - said , leave - left, swim - swam, tell - told z draw - drew, come - came, lose - lost, find - found, drink - drank, hurt - hurt, feel - felt(3) 一般将来时：基本结构：be going to + do；will+ do. be going to = w川 I am going to go swimming tomorrow (明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.(4)现在进行口寸:amjs,are+动词现在分词动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则：一般的干脆在后面加上 ing,如 doing, going, working, singing, eating以e结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ,如having, writing 双写最终一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running, swimming, sitting, getting第三部分：句法L陈述句(1)确定句：是指用确定的语气来陈述的句子，如：I' m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.(2)、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I'm not a student. She is not(isn 't) a doctor.He does not (doesn 't) work in a hospital. There are not (aren 't) four fans in our classroom.He will not (won 't) eat lunch at 12:00.1 did not (didn 't) watch TV yesterday evening.2.疑问句一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必需用一yes II ,或一no H来回答。特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词(what, where , who , which , when , whose , why , how 等) 开头引导的句子。此类句子应当问什么就答什么，不能用一yes、no II来回答。3.There be 句型There be句型与have, has的区分1、There be句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)2、在there be句型中，主语是单数，be动词用is主语是复数，be动词用are如有 几件物品，be动词依据最*近be动词的那个名词确定。3> there be句型的否定句在be动词后加not, 一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。4、there be句型与have(has)的区分：there be表示在某地有某物(或人)；have(has)表 示某人拥有某物。5、some和any在there be句型中的运用：some用于确定句，any用于否定句或疑 问句。6、and和or在there be句型中的运用：and用于确定句，or用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many +名词复数+ are there +介词短语？ How much +不行数名词+ is there + 介词短语？8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：What 's+介词短语？第三部分：情景交际第四部分：阅读训练第五部分：书面表达常考题型：一、听力听句子中的单词，或者干脆听单词2 .依据听到的内容选择相应的回答的句子3 选出与听到的句子相同意思的句子4,听短文，推断正误。二、语音：选出与画线部分相同的读音三、用所给词的正确形式填空四、单项选择五、把句子连成一段话六、完形填空七、依据图片内容，完成对话八、阅读理解：选出正确的答案。2,推断正误。3,回答问题。九、改错十、书面表达：作文