2022年8月辽宁省地区自考英语（一）试题及答案.pdf

2022年8月辽宁省地区自考英语（一）试题及答案第 1题【单选题】【填句补文】F i v e-y e a r-o l d L a n i s t i l l t a k e s s e v e n m e d i c i n e s w i t h h e rb r e a k f a s t e v e r y m o r n i n g.S h e s v e r y g o o d a b o u t i t,s a y s h e r f a t h e r Da v i d.L a n i i s a l i v e t o d a y b e c a u s e o f h e r f a t h e r Da v i d,i n m o r e t h a n o n e w a y;w h e n s h e w a s o n e y e a r o l d s h e r e c e i v e d p a r t o f h e r f a t h e r s l i v e r i n al i v e r t r a n s p l a n t o p e r a t i o n.L a n i w a s b o r n w i t h a l i v e r i l l n e s s.Do c t o r s a d v i s e d t h a t a t r a n s p l a n t w a s t h e o n l y w a y i n w h i c h s h e w o u l d l i v e.A、S h e h a d o n e o p e r a t i o n w h e n s h e w a s s i x w e e k s o l d,w h i c h w a s n o ts u c c e s s f u l.B、Da v i d q u i c k l y r e c o v e r e d f r o m t h e o p e r a t i o n.C、Da v i d w a s f i n a l l y a b l e t o r i d e h i s b i k e a g a i n a f t e r a b o u t a y e a r.D Do c t o r s h o p e t h a t s h e w i l l c o n t i n u e t o g e t s t r o n g e r a n d s t r o n g e r.【正确答案】A【答案解析】文章说L a n i出生时就有肝功能缺陷，她六周大的时候做过一次手术，但是没有成功，所以后边医生才会建议说她能活下来的唯一方法就是做移植手术。第 2题【单选题】【阅读理解】De c i b e l s （分贝）m e a s u r e d i n w a t e r a r e d i f f e r e n t f r o m t h o s em e a s u r e d o n l a n d.A n o i s e o f o n e h u n d r e d-t w e n t y d e c i b e l s o n l a n d c a u s e sp a i n t o h u m a n e a r s.I n w a t e r,a d e c i b e l l e v e l o f o n e-h u n d r e d n i n e t y-f i v ew o u l d h a v e t h e s a m e e f f e c t.W h i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g i s d i s c u s s e d i n t h ep a r a g r a p h?A T h e s a m e n o i s e l e v e l p r o d u c e s a d i f f e r e n t e f f e c t o n l a n d a n d i n t h eo c e a n.B、D ifferent places may have different types of noises.C The decibel is not a suitable unit for measuring underwater noise.D D ifferent ocean animals may have different reactions to noises.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段第一句话就直接给出了答案。第 3题【单选题】【阅读判断】The Watsons live in a small apartment in a suburb of New YorkCity.The offices where Elizabeth works are in downtown New York,and shehas to take a bus and two subway trains to go to work every day.It takesher about one hour to get there.S he finds the trip boring and tiring.Q:Elizabeth enjoys going to work in downtown New YorkA、TrueB FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。Betty住在市郊，但每天要花约一个小时乘公交和地铁到市区工作，她感到很累很烦。所以这里说的“enjoys”是不正确的。第 4 题【单选题】【完成句子】Recent studies showed that the average high school studentspends fifteen to thirty hours a week watching television and only twohours a week in organized play or exercise.That is one reason whyone-third of the 200,000 pupils tested for the Presidents Council onPhysical Fitness failed a simple test of strength,stamina,andflexibility.S ome of the boys and girls could not raise themselves to asitting position without using their hands!S ome people have difficultiesin standing up due to.A、be overweightB、lacking adequate exerciseC、hurt badlyD not used【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段最后提到有些人不用手支撑就站不起来是因为缺乏足够的锻炼。第 5题【单选题】2005.4 It was long supposed that the main difference between animalsand plants was that the former could move about while the couldnot.A、otherB、latterC、anotherD、later【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查固定词组。the former-the latter.表示“前者后者”的意思。句中it做形式主语，真正的主语是the main difference betweencould not.句意为：一直以来，人们认为动物和植物之间最大的不同就是前者可以走动而后者不能。第 6题【单选题】【阅读判断】Norwich,the capital of the part of Britain known as EastA nglia,has been in existence for more than two thousand years.It beganas a small village beside the River Wensum.A t the time of the Normaninvasion in 1066 it had grown to become one of the largest towns inEngland.The River Wensum flows by NorwichA、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段第二句。Norwich开始是River Wensum旁边的一个小村庄,就说明了 River Wensum流 经Norwicho第 7题【单选题】【填句补文】Children think that being grown up means being able to doexactly as they please.The chance to discover whether thatfreedom is as wonderful as it sounds is a chance more and more A mericansare taking.A、Its now socially acceptable,even fashionable,to live alone.B、The number one reason given by most people for living alone is thatthey simply enjoy doing what they want when they want to do it.C、Living alone is a luxury.D It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhooddream.【正确答案】D【答案解析】空格前面句子中出现了 grown u p,该词在D中正好有呼应，所以重点关注。后句中的“自由”也是“梦想”中的一个部分，所以D是答案。第 8题【单选题】【填句补文】Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants,and are known for their role in pollination（授粉）and for producing honeyand beeswax.The best-known bee species is the European honeybee,which,as its name suggests,produces honey,as do a few other typesof bee.A x There is only one queen in a hive.B、Every bee does a job without being told.C、There are nearly 20,000 known species of bees.D Bees do not like ice and snow.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。空格是首句，通过空格后的内容判断首句内容，紧着空格的那句话提到了关键词species,有关蜜蜂的种类的，然后浏览各选项，不难看出C选项最符合上下文语境。第9题【单选题】一 The room is so dirty.we clean it?一 Of course.A、WillB、S hallC、WouldD、D o【正确答案】B【答案解析】当shall用于三人称疑问句中时，表示征求对方意见。本题答案为Bo第10题【单选题】【概括大意】I love sunny days because they are ideal for outings.Iremember the sunny weekend when two roommates and I had a marvelous timein the old S ummer Palace.U nder the blue sky,the trees are bathed in goldenlight.On rainy days,I enjoy the sound of raindrops beating on thewindowpanes.I watch the rain washing the trees and grass clean,knowingthey will glitter when it clears up and hoping a rainbow will follow.Inwinter,a heavy snowfall offers a different type of pleasure.Cold as itoften is,I always go outdoors and leave my footprints in the thick snowwhile throwing snowballs and making snowmen with my fellow students.Themain idea of this paragraph is.A、A person should learn to be happy in all weathers.B、One s mood should not be affected by bad weather.C、People usually prefer fine weather to severe weather.D I enjoy both sunny weather and rainy or snowy weather.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段中分别介绍了“I love sunny days because they are idealfor outings；On rainy days,I enjoy-；In winter,a heavy snowfall offersa different type of pleasure.这三种情况,因此选择答案D。第11题【单选题】【阅读判断】S ince 1939,numerous studies have been conducted to determinewhether smoking is a health hazard.The trend of the evidence has beenconsistent and indicates that there is a serious health risk.Researchteams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt thattobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy.Q:S mokingreduces one，s life expectancy.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。该题说的是：抽烟会缩短人们的预期寿命。原文最后一句说了：烟草与人的预期的寿命缩短有关。第12题【单选题】【阅读理解】Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers U niversity and his colleaguesanalyzed the brain waves of sleeping rats and mice.S pecifically,theyexamined the electrical activity emanating from the somatosensoryneocortex(an area that processes sensory information)and the hippocampus,which is a center for learning and memory.The scientists found thatoscillations in brain waves from the two regions appear to be intertwined.S o-called sleep spindles(bursts of activity from the neocortex)werefollowed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampus known asripples.The team posits that this interplay between the two brain regionsis a key step in memory consolidation.A second study,also publishedonline this week by the Proceedings of the National A cademy of S ciences,links age-associated memory decline to high glucose levels.What is theresult of the experiment with rats and mice carried out at RutgersU niversityA、The electrical activity is emanating from the somatosensoryneocortex.B、Oscillations in brain waves are from hippocampus.C S omatosensory neocortex and hippocampus work together in memoryconsolidation.D 、S omatosensory neocortex plays it primary role in memoryconsolidation.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本段告诉我们，科学家分析了老鼠的脑电波，尤其是从somatosensory neocortex和hippocampus两个区域发出的脑电波。该段是后两句指出，这两个大脑区域的活动是互相作用的。本段并没有说somatosensoryneocortex 或 hippocampus 起主导作用。第 13题【单选题】【阅读理解】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state militaryapparatus.While the one protects the individual from violence,the othersacrifices the individual to violence in the interests of the state.Inwar the state affirms supreme power over the individuals within its ownborders.War is not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes betweenstates;it is the moment when the state makes its most powerful demandsupon its people for their commitment,allegiance,and supreme sacrifice.The word“allegiance is closest in meaning to _.A、loyaltyB、objectiveC、survivalD motive【正确答案】A【答案解析】解本题可用同类词关系进行判断。在allegiance前后的两个词分别是commitment和sacrifice,应能判断出这三个词相对于国家而言是同一类词，再利用排除法，不难选出正确答案A。第14题【单选题】【填句补文】The basic tools for an interview are paper and two or threewell-sharpened pencils.But keep your notebook or paper out of sight untilyou need it.There，s nothing less likely to relax a person than the arrivalof someone with a note-taking pad.Take a while just to chat,judging what sort of person youre dealing with,getting him or her totrust you.A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary.B、Come back another day;it will go better.C The rest is instinct,which can all be learned with experience.D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后面作者说到Take a while just to chat,强调的是要花时间chat以增进相互之间的了解。所以选D,这样就很符合逻辑顺序。第15题【单选题】【概括大意】Radar is now a familiar tool.Like many others it was anunexpected discovery.It was first observed by two researchers,who werestudying sound communication.They were sending signals from a stationon one side of a river in Washington D to a vehicle across the river.Theydiscovered that their signals were stopped by passing ships.Theyrecognized the importance of this discovery at once.The main idea of thisparagraph is.A、S tudy of RadarB、Radar is now a familiar toolC Radar Working PrinciplesD、Radar was D iscovered by Chance【正确答案】D【答案解析】unexpected,“没有预见到的，等于答案D中的by chance 偶然间的”。这道题用到了同义词替换这一解题方法。第16题【单选题】【阅读理解】M obile phones should carry a label if they proved to be adangerous source of radiation,according to Robert Bell,a scientist.A ndno more mobile phone transmitter towers（发射塔）should be built untilthe long-term health effects of the radiation they emit（放射）isscientifically evaluated,he said.Nobody s going to drop dead overnightbut we should be asking for more scientific information,z，Robert Bell saidat a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation.If mobilephones are found to be dangerous,they should carry a warning label untilproper shields can be devised,he said.A ccording to Robert Bell,ifmobile phones prove to be dangerous to peoples healthA、they should be banned immediately.B、the use of them should be restricted.C、all transmitter towers should be torn down.D a warning label should be attached.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段的第一句话告诉我们：被证实有辐射危险的手机应该带着标签。因此答案是A。第17题【单选题】【阅读判断】Norwich,the capital of the part of Britain known as EastA nglia,has been in existence for more than two thousand years.It beganas a small village beside the River Wensum.A t the time of the Normaninvasion in 1066 it had grown to become one of the largest towns inEngland.The River Wensum flows by NorwichA、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段第二句。N orwich开始是River W e n s u m旁边的一个小村庄，就说明了 River W e n s u m流 经Norwicho第18题【单选题】【阅读理解】Finally,many great players come from the same kind ofneighborhood-a poor,crowed area where a boys dream is not to be a doctor,lawyer,or businessman,but to become a rich,famous athlete orentertainer.For example,Liverpool,which produced the Beetles,had oneof the best English soccer（英式足球）teams in recent years.Pele practicedin the street with a ball made of rags.A nd George Best learned the tricksthat made him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall in the slums ofBelfast.A ll great players have a lot in common,but that doesn，t explainwhy they are great.Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets,but only one became Pele.The greatest players are born with some uniquequality that sets them apart from all the others.In the last paragraphthe statement”but only one became Pele”indicates that.A、Pele is the greatest soccer player.B、the greatest players are born with some unique quality.C、Pele，s birthplace sets him apart from all the others.D t h e s u c c e s s o f a s o c c e r p l a y e r h a s e v e r y t h i n g t o d o w i t h t h e f a m i l yb a c k g r o u n d.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo P e l e是个伟大的球员,H u n d r e d s o f b o y s p l a y e d i n t h o s eBr a z i l i a n s t r e e t s,b u t o n l y o n e b e c a m e P e l e成百上千的人在巴西的街道上踢球，但是只有一个P e l e这样的伟大球员。最后一句话点明主题T h e g r e a t e s tp l a y e r s a r e b o r n w i t h s o m e u n i q u e q u a l i ty th a t s e ts th e m a p a r t f r o m a l lth e o th e r s.所以答案选择B。第19题【单选题】2 0 0 5.1 0 W h e n h e w a s y o u n g,h e u s e d to s p e n d h i s ti m e c o l l e c ti n gs ta m p s.A、s m a r tB s p e c i a lC、s o l i dD s p a r e【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。s m a r t“聪明的；s p e c i a l “特别的；s o l i d“固体的，结实的；s p a r e 空闲的二s p a r e ti m e：空闲时间，业余时间。其它选项与ti m e搭配意思均不正确。第20题【单选题】2 0 0 7.1 0 H e l l h i s n e r v o u s n e s s o n c e h e，s o n s ta g e.A、g e t o v e rB、g e t o f fC、g e t o u tD、g e t th r o u g h【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查词组辨析。A.克服；B.脱下，开始；C.离开；D.到达。第 21题【单选题】S ome people who are very intelligent and successful in their fields finddifficult to succeed in language learning.A、whichB、howC、thatD、it【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查i t作形式宾语的用法。i t在这里做形式宾语。句意为:一些在自己领域才智过人并且非常成功的人发现，在语言学习上取得成功是很困难的。第 22题【单选题】【填句补文】The black robin（旅鹑）is one of the worlds rarest birds.It is a small,wild bird,and it lives only on the island of Little M angere,off the coast of New Zealand.In 1967 there were about fifty black robinsthere;in 1977 there were fewer than ten.A These are the only black robins left in the world.B、Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C、Both represent orders in the classification of life.D D etailed studies are going on,and a public appeal for money hasbeen made.【正确答案】A【答案解析】前文说的是The black robin（旅鸦）的现存数量和活动地点。选项A说的是这里成为有The black robin的唯一的地方。所以，选项A是合适的选项。第 23题【单选题】The speakerJ s forceful words persuaded his opponent to.A、b a c k o u tB、b a c k u pC、b a c k o nD b a c k d o w n【正确答案】D【答案解析】b a c k d o w n：让步，退却；放弃。第24题【单选题】2 0 0 7.4 S i x ty p e r c e n t o f te l e v i s i o n v i e w e r s c h o s e h i m a s th e i r _ _ _ h o s t.A、p o p u l a rB、p r e f e r r e dC、f a v o r i teD f a v o r e d【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。p o p u l a r 通俗的,流行的；p r e f e r r e d 首选的；f a v o r i te 最喜爱的，中意的；f a v o r e d 受到优待的，有利的。因此，正确答案为C o第25题【单选题】【2 0 0 5.4】T h e i r m o th e r i s b u s y r e a d y f o r w o r k.A、g o tB、g e tsC、to g e tD g e tti n g【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查固定词组。b e b u s y d o i n g s th.“忙于做某事”句意为:妈妈正忙于准备工作。第26题【单选题】2 0 0 8.1 0 T h e m o r e th e c u s to m e r c o m p l a i n e d,a n d m o r e u n p l e a s a n tth e m a n a g e r b e c a m e.A、th e r u d e rB、m o r e r u d eC、th e r u d e s tD、th e r u d e【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查形容词比较级。形容词比较级所构成的特殊句型：th e+比较级，th e+比较级。第27题【单选题】D o y o u k n o w J a c k w e l l?一C e r ta i n l y.W e f r i e n d s s i n c e te n y e a r sa g o.A、w e r eB、h a v e