2021年新高考普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试题（一）解析版.pdf

绝密启用前2021年新高考普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟试卷（一）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第 一 节（共 5 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.How does the man feel about the changing weather?A.Confused.B.Annoyed.C.Excited.【答案】B【原文】W:The weather is changing so much!One day,its hot.The next day,its very cold.After that,the strong windsblow.Its so confiising!M:Its so annoying,because Im getting sick from it!Pass me the cold medicine.2.What will the speakers do on Thursday?A.Have a day off.B.Go to the museum.C.Play basketball.【答案】B【原 文】W:The museum has extra hours on Thursday this week.We could finally go after work.M:I was planning to play basketball that night,but.I can change it to Friday.3.How will the woman go back home?A.By taxi.B.By bike.C.By bus.【答 案】c【原 文】W:Ill be back this evening.John cant take me to the bus station in his car,so Ill walk down and get a later onethan usual.M.OK.Ill wait for you.4.What will the speakers do on Sunday?A.Go swimming.B.Play volleyball.C.Go cycling.【答 案】B【原 文】W:Would you like to come to the beach with us on Sunday,Joe?M:I dont like swimming much.I may go fbr a cycle ride.W:We dont go for swimming.Were going to play volleyball.M:Fil come with you then.5.What does the man think of the trip to London?A.It is excellent.B.It is average.C.It is disappointing.【答 案】A【原 文】W:Ah,youre back.How was London-wonderful or disappointing?M:Well,I made a big mistake.I was expecting an average sori of trip,so I only booked two days.I could havestayed happily for two months.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听 下 面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从 题 中 所 给 的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小 题5秒 钟；听完后，各 小 题 将 给 出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听 第6段材料，回 答 第6、7题。6.What did the girl do first?A.She went to a party.B.She cleaned up the yard.C.She stayed with her brothers.7.What will the girl do this weekend?A.Work on her project.B.Have a chemistry class.C.Go bungee jumping.【答案】6.B 7.A【原 文】M:Hi.How was your Sunday?W:I had a really busy day.M:Yeah?What did you do?W:Well,first the yard needed cleaning so the beginning was work.Then it was my little brothers birthday.I dontneed to hold a party for him,but I had to go bungee jumping with him.It was like jumping off a tall building.I wasscared.M:How did your brother like it?W:Oh,he loved it!He wants to go this weekend,but I dont want to do it again.M:Dont you have a project fbr your chemistry class on Monday?W:Hey,yeah.1 forgot about that.Obviously 1 have to work all weekend!Thanks!That saves me from bungeejumping.听第7段材料，回答第8至1()题。Who is talking with the man right now?His friend.B.A waitress.His wife.What will the woman bring the man first?Some white wine.B.Some hot water.Some menus.10.What might the man discuss with Ralph?A.What dishes to have.B.What wine to order.C.Where they should sit.【答 案】8.B9.C10.B【原 文】W:Good evening,sir.Do you have a reservation with us tonight?M:Yes,its under the name WillisW:One moment.Willis,a party of four,is that right?M:Yes,thats us!W:Wonderful.I see half of your group have not yet arrived.I can seat you now,or you can have a drink at the barwhile you wait.M:Oh,I think my wife and I would prefer to sit down nowW:Would you like a table by the window?M:Oh,that would be great!And please bring us some ice water and some menus.W:OK,here you are.Would you like to take any other drink orders besides water?M:Yeah.Well order a bottle of red wine,and we may also order a bottle of white wine depending on what food wedecide to haveW:Very good,sir.Ill bring you our wine list right away,and 141 let our wine expert Ralph know that you may havesome questions for him.M:Great,thanks.听第8 段材料，回答第11至 13题。11.Whats the probable relationship between the woman and Mr Smith?A.Husband and wife.B.Boss and secretary.C.Doctor and patient.12.What does the man ask the woman to do at the beginning?A.Have lunch together.B.Take a message for him.C.Give him Mr Smiths mobile number.13.What will the man do next?A.Wait for a phone call.B.Work at his desk.C.Go to meet Mr Smith.【答 案】11.B12.C13.A【原文】W:Hello,Mr Smiths office.M:Oh,hello.Could I speak to Mike Smith,please?W:Im afraid hes not at his desk at the moment.I think hes gone out to lunch.Hell be back in about half an hour.Shall I get him to call you as soon as he comes back?Or do you want to leave message?M:Actually,could you possibly give me his mobile number?Its quite urgent.W:Im really sorry,but I am not allowed to.M:Is there any chance of you ringing him for me and asking him to call me back?W:Certainly,I can do that for you.Could I have your name,please?M:Yes,it*s Sam Dalgamo.W:OK,Sam.Ill ring him straight away.Goodbye.听第9 段材料，回答第14至 16题。14.What did the speakers do just now?A.They went to a concert.B.They went to the movies.C.They visited an exhibition.15.How did the man get the tickets?A.He got them from his sister.B.He bought them at a higher price.C.He bought them in the ticket office.16.What selective course did the man choose?A.Marketing.B.Accounting.C.Fashion design.【答 案】14.C 15.A 16.B【原文】W:Thanks for taking me here,John.I really enjoyed it.M:Tm happy to know that youre interested in space.Next time IH bring you to another exhibition of spaceships.W:Thank you.How did you get the tickets for the exhibition?I know its very difficult to buy a ticket for it.Didyou buy them from somebody else at a much higher price?M:No,my sister works in the ticket office,and everyone in that office can buy two tickets.So she offered me hertwo tickets.W:Thats great.By the way,what did you choose for your selective course?M:At first,I wanted to choose marketing,but they told me that it was full.So I chose accounting instead.Whatabout you?W:I chose fashion design.Wow,its so late now.I have to go back home.M:OK,see you.听 第 10段材料，回答第17至 20题。17.What must guests do before entering the pool?A.Wear life jackets.B.Read the state law.C.Have a shower with soap.18.Who is forbidden to use the pool?A.A man with fever.B.A sixty-year-old lady.C.A gym staff.19.At what age can children swim alone?A.Nine years old.B.Ten years old.C.Eleven years old.20.How long will the pool be open from January 1?A.12 hours.B.11.5 hours.C.11 hours.【答案】17.C 18.A 19.C 20.B【原文】M:Attention,swimmers!Please listen carefully to the following information about our community pool.All guestsmust sign in and leave a photo ID at the from desk.State law requires that all swimmers must shower with soapbefore entering the pool.Besides,all swimmers must wear proper bathing suits.If you are sick,or have any signs ofillness,do not use the pool until you are completely recovered.If your children have any accidents0,you mustreport them to the gym staff immediately.Children ten years of age and younger must be accompanied by an adultover the age of 18 at all times.Remind children that spitting is not allowed.Finally,there has been a schedulechange.In the past,we have been open from 6:00 am to 6:00 pm.Starting from January 1,we will be open from7:00 am to 6:30 pm.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第 一 节（共 15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。APeople are always looking for lost cities and occasionally one is found:Borobudur in Indonesia,fbr example.But perhaps some of the places people look for never existed-or did they?Here are just a few famousmythical（神话里的）cities.El DoradoEl Dorado is a story that began in 1537,when Spanish explorers found the Muisca people in the mountains ofwhat is now Colombia.They heard the story of a man who covered himself with gold and dived into a lake.Thenpeople began to talk of EI Dorado the golden man.Soon people started to think of El Dorado as a place,too-acity of gold and amazing riches.Nowadays,the name“El Dorado*is still used to mean a place where you can getrich quickly”.AtlantisThere was once an island in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean.It was the mythical island of Atlantis.Thepeople of the island were very rich,thanks to the natural resource on the island.For hundreds of years,they livedsimple lives.But slowly they began to change.They started to want power.So the gods decided to destroy Atlantis.Suddenly,the island and its people were swallowed（淹没）by the sea and were never seen again.ShambhalaIn Tibetan Buddhist traditions,Shambhala is a mystical country that is hidden somewhere behind theHimalayas.Shambhala is a word from an old language that means a place of peace or a place of happiness”.It issaid that there is no war in Shambhala,and in the future,when the world is full of war,a huge army will come outof Shambhala,destroy the worlds bad rulers,and start a new Golden Age.Some people say this will happen in2424.21.Nowadays,the name El Dorado meansA.Colombia B.the golden manC.a place of great wealth D.a city with mountains22.Atlantis was destroyed by.A.the gods B.its peopleC.its powerful enemies D.its neighboring country23.What will probably happen in 2424 according to the last paragraph?A.The Himalayas will disappear.B.The world will be full of peace.C.Shambhala will save the world.D.There will be a war in Shambhala.【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三个著名的神话城市。21.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nowadays,the name El Dorado,is still used to mean 匕 place where you can getrich quickly/可知如今，“El Dorado”这个名字仍然被用来表示“你可以迅速致富的地方”。由此可知，如今“E1Dorado”这个名字的意思是“富庶之地:故选C。22.细节理解题。根据第三段中“So the gods decided to destroy Atlantis.Suddenly,the island and its people wereswallowed（淹没）by the sea and were never seen again.”可知所以众神决定摧毁亚特兰蒂斯。突然，这个岛和岛上的人被大海吞没，再也没有出现过。由此可知，亚特兰蒂斯被诸神摧毁了。故选A。23.细节理解题。根据最后一段中“It is said that there is no war in Shambhala,and in the future,when the world isfull of war,a huge army will come out of Shambhala,destroy the worlds bad rulers,and start a new Golden Age.Some people say this will happen in 2424.”可知据说Shambhala没有战争，在未来，当世界充满了战争，一支庞大的军队将从Shambhala出来，摧毁世界的坏统治者，并开始个新的黄金时代。有人说这将发生在2424年。由此可知，2424年，Shambhala将拯救世界。故选C。BAmericans use many expressions with the word dog.People in the United States love their dogs and treatthem well.They take their dogs for walks,let them play outside and give them good food and medical care.However,dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of life.The expression,to lead a dogs life,describes a person who has an unhappy existence.Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world.That means many people are competing for the same things,like good jobs.They say that to be successful,a person has to work like a dog.This means they have to work very,very hard.Such hard work can make people dog-tired.And,the situation would be even worse if they became sickas a dog.Still,people say every dog has its day.This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his orher life,To be successful,people often have to learn new skills.Yet,some people say that you can never teach anold dog new tricks.They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way theydo things.Some people are compared to dogs in bad ways.People who are unkind or uncaring can be described asmeaner than a junkyard dog.Junkyard dogs live in places where people throw away things they do not want.Meandogs are often used to guard this property.They bark or attack people who try to enter the property.However,sometimes a person who appears to be mean and threatening is really not so bad.We say his bark is worse than hisbite.Dog expressions also are used to describe the weather.The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year.A rainstorm may cool the weather.But we do not want it to rain too hard.We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.24.What does the passage mainly talk about?A.How to live with the dog.B.Expressions related to the word dog.C.American love to the dog.D.Dog expressions with the weather.25.Working too hard can result in.A.leading a dogs life B.becoming sick as a dogC.living in a dog-eat-dog world D.working like a dog26.What can we learn from the passage?A.Everyone can be successful if he learns from the old.B.It might be difficult for the young to learn new skills.C.Mean dogs arent so awful as their appearance in fact.D.Junkyard dogs are not careful in money arrangement.27.To support his idea,the author develop the passage mainly by.A.listing reasonsB.giving examples C.making comparisonsD.using quotations【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了一些与dog有关的英语短语并解释了这些短语的意思以及使用语境。24.主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Americans use many expressions with the word dog.”说明在美国人的语言中有很多与dog有关的词组，接下来在文章中作者列举了很多有“dog”这个单词的短语并解释了这些短语的意思以及使用语境。所以短文主要是关于与“狗”相关的语言表达。故选B。25.细节理解题。根据第二段中“They say that to be successful,a person has to work like a dog.This means theyhave to work very,very hard.”可知，他们说，一个人要想成功，就得像狗一样拼命工作。这意味着他们必须非常非常努力地工作。由此可知，努力工作可以用“像狗一样拼命工作”来形容。故选D。26.细节理解题。根据第四段中“However,sometimes a person who 叩pears to be mean and threatening is reallynot so bad.We say his bark is worse than his bite.”可知,然而，有时一个人看起来很刻薄,很有威胁性,其实并没有那么糟糕。我们说他是刀子嘴豆腐心。由此可知，实际上，凶狠的人有时不像他们的外表那么可怕。故选C。27.推理判断题。结合文章中作者列举了很多有“dog”这个单词的短语并解释了这些短语的意思以及使用语境，可推知，为了支持自己的观点，作者主要通过举例来展开这篇文章。故选B。CPiagefs theory of cognitive(认知)development is a theory about the nature and development of humanintelligence.It was first created by the Swiss developmental psychologist Jean Piaget(1896-1980).The theory dealswith the nature of knowledge itself and how humans gradually come to acquire,construct,and use it.Piagetstheory is mainly known as a developmental stage theory.To Piaget,cognitive development was a progressive reorganization of mental processes resulting frombiological maturation and environmental experience He believed that children construct an understanding of theworld around them,experience differences between what they already know and what they discover in theirenvironment and then adjust their ideas accordingly.Besides,Piaget claimed that cognitive development is at thecenter of the human organism,and language is depending on knowledge and understanding acquired throughcognitive development.Piagefs earlier work received the greatest attention.Child-centered classrooms and open education aredirect applications of Piagets views.Despite its huge success,Piagets theory is not perfect and Piaget hasrecognized it himself:for example,the theory supports sharp stages rather than continuous development.Piaget noted that reality is a dynamic system of continuous change.Reality is defined（给.下定义）inreference to the two conditions that define dynamic systems,Specifically,he argued that reality involvestransformations and states.Transformations refer to all manner of changes that a thing or person can experienceStates refer to the conditions or a appearances in which things or persons can be found between transformations.For example,there might be changes in shape or form,in size,or in placement or location in space and time.Thus,Piaget argued,if human intelligence is to be adaptive,it must have functions to represent both the transformationaland the static aspects of reality.28.What does the underlined it in the first paragraph re