限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别市公开课一等奖省优质课赛课一等奖课件.pptx

定语从句定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句第1页Readandfind1.,he traveled with his father,who wanted to do trade with the Chinese.(Para.1)2.He was very impressed by Beijing,especially the Summer Palace which he described as“The greatest palace that ever was”(Para.3)3.There were inventions and developments in China which were not available in Europe at that time.(Para.4)4.He was also confused by the black stones people used for fuel.(Para.4)第2页Readandfind5.However,Marco was lucky to meet another prisoner who enjoyed listening to his stories about China.(Para.5)6.The prisoner then wrote the stories in the book called The Description of the World,which became one of (Para.5)7.Marco was asked the question,“Was it all true?”,to which he replied,“I have only told half of”(Para.6)第3页DiscussionDefiningrelativeclauseNon-definingrelativeclauseNo commaWith commaForward第4页限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确对先行词起限制、确定作用，是先行词不可缺乏定语，假如定作用，是先行词不可缺乏定语，假如省去，主句意思就会不完整，不明确或省去，主句意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。能用逗号隔开。_Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.第5页非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和先行词关系涣散，和先行词关系涣散，只是对先行词作附加说明，假如省去，主只是对先行词作附加说明，假如省去，主句意思依然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和句意思依然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：_a.Helivesinanothertown,whichisonlyaboutanhoursridefromhere.b.Soontheyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.第6页形式上形式上意义上意义上译法上译法上不用逗号不用逗号“，”与主与主句隔开。句隔开。用逗号用逗号“，”与主句与主句隔开。隔开。是先行词不可缺乏定是先行词不可缺乏定语，如删除，主句则语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表示失去意义或意思表示不完整。不完整。只是对先行词补充说只是对先行词补充说明，如删除，主句仍明，如删除，主句仍能表示完整意思。能表示完整意思。译成先行词定语：译成先行词定语：“”通常译成主句并列句。通常译成主句并列句。第7页nWhoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?nHeisateacherofmuchknowledge，fromwhommuchcanbelearned.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句第8页nPeoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.。n(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)nHisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.n(若把从句去句子意义依然完整若把从句去句子意义依然完整)n第9页nHeisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.n他就是汽车被窃那个人。他就是汽车被窃那个人。nIveinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。第10页n4关系词选取不一样关系词选取不一样n限制性定语从句限制性定语从句:n非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句不可用that或why来引导关系代词关系代词:关系关系副副词词:who，whom，whose，that，whichwhen，where，why关系代词关系代词:关系关系副副词词:who，whom，whose，whichwhen，where，第11页nYesterdayheboughtanewcar，whichwasmadeinJapan.n(which不可换用that)nHe didnt give the reason，whichexplainedhisabsencefromthemeetingheldlastweek.第12页n n5关系词省略不一样关系词省略不一样n在限限制制性性定定语语从从句句中，当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中能够省略n而非限制性定语从句中关系代词或关系副词不可省略。nIstillrememberthedayswespenttogetherincollege.nSheisnottheone(that)sheusedtobe.第13页n6从句所修饰先行词有所不一样从句所修饰先行词有所不一样n限限制制性性定定语语从从句句先先行行词词通通常常是是名名词词、代代词或词组；词或词组；n而而非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句先先行行词词除除了了名名词词、代词外，还能够是句子。代词外，还能够是句子。nThisisthebestbookthatIhaveeverread.nHe won the first prize in the contest，whichwasmorethanweexpected.第14页含义不一样含义不一样nIhaveasisterwhoisadoctor.n(姐姐不止一个姐姐不止一个)nIhaveasister,whoisadoctor.n(只有一个姐姐只有一个姐姐)第15页Which?A.The thief,who fell off the ladder,was arrested by the police.B.The thief who fell off the ladder was arrested by the police.第16页Which?A.The customers who arrived after 9 werent allowed into the sale.B.The customers,who arrived after 9,werent allowed into the sale.第17页Which?A.We stopped at the only pub in the village which had a front garden.B.We stopped at the only pub in the village,which had a front garden.第18页PracticeAn请区分出以下句子哪些是限制性定语从请区分出以下句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句句，那些是非限制性定语从句：1.1、TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.2.2、Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3.3、Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.4、China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.第19页PracticeBn区分以下几组句子不一样含义：区分以下几组句子不一样含义：n1.Her brother who is now a soldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.nHerbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵哥哥总是勉励她上大学。她那当兵哥哥总是勉励她上大学。（意含：（意含：她还有其它哥哥。）她还有其它哥哥。）她哥哥是当兵，他总是勉励她上大学。她哥哥是当兵，他总是勉励她上大学。（意含：（意含：她只有一个哥哥。）她只有一个哥哥。）第20页.All the books that have pictures in them are well written.All the books,which have pictures in them,are well written.全部里面带插图书都写得很好。全部里面带插图书都写得很好。（意含：（意含：不带插图书则不一定写得好。）不带插图书则不一定写得好。）全部书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。全部书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。（意含：（意含：没有不带插图书。）没有不带插图书。）第21页1、I，_yougoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD第22页2、Hiswalkingstick,_hecantwalk,waslostyesterday.A、thatB、withwhichC、whichD、withoutwhichD第23页3、Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheirwork,_,Ithinkisawisechoice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC第24页4、Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatC第25页第26页第27页第28页1、All_isusefultousisgood.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC解析：解析：定语从句中先定语从句中先行词为行词为all,none等词时，等词时，关系代词必须用关系代词必须用that,而而不是不是which.故选故选C。第29页2、Thisistheonlything_Icandonow.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC第30页3、Thisisthelastfactory_heusedtoworkat,manyworkersof_stillhaveagoodrelationshipwithhim.A、that;itB、which;whomC、that;whichD、which;thatC第31页4、Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstories_learntinthepastthreedays.A、thathaveB、thathavebeenC、whichhasD、whichhasbeenB解析：解析：解析：解析：storiesstories是定语是定语是定语是定语从句先行词从句先行词从句先行词从句先行词,同时同时同时同时storiesstories被最高级所被最高级所被最高级所被最高级所修饰，所以选修饰，所以选修饰，所以选修饰，所以选B.B.第32页5、Thisisthefactory_wevisitedlastyear.A、thatB、inwhichC、whatD、theoneA解析：解析：解析：解析：thefactorythefactory是定语从是定语从是定语从是定语从句先行词句先行词句先行词句先行词,用作宾语；从用作宾语；从用作宾语；从用作宾语；从句句句句wevisitedlastyearwevisitedlastyear中中中中visitvisit是个及物动词，后接是个及物动词，后接是个及物动词，后接是个及物动词，后接宾语，所以选宾语，所以选宾语，所以选宾语，所以选A.A.第33页6、Isthisfactory_wevisitedlastweek.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、theoneD解析：解析：解析：解析：thisfactorythisfactory轻易被学生错轻易被学生错轻易被学生错轻易被学生错误地混为先行词，其实这是误地混为先行词，其实这是误地混为先行词，其实这是误地混为先行词，其实这是ThisThisfactoryfactory是句子主语而不是先行是句子主语而不是先行是句子主语而不是先行是句子主语而不是先行词。所以选择词。所以选择词。所以选择词。所以选择D.TheoneD.Theone中中中中oneone 指代是指代是指代是指代是factory,factory,作定语从句作定语从句作定语从句作定语从句先行词。先行词。先行词。先行词。第34页7、Thisistheschool_myfatherworked20yearsago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD解析：题中解析：题中解析：题中解析：题中theschooltheschool是定语从句是定语从句是定语从句是定语从句先行词。先行词。先行词。先行词。in+which=where,in+which=where,所以选所以选所以选所以选D.D.试比较：试比较：试比较：试比较：Thisschoolis_myThisschoolis_myfatherworked20yearsago.fatherworked20yearsago.A.whereB.theonewherewhereB.theonewhereB.C.thatD.theonewhichC.thatD.theonewhichB第35页8、Shewillneverforgettheday_shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC解析：解析：解析：解析：thedaytheday是定语从句先行词，是定语从句先行词，是定语从句先行词，是定语从句先行词，shespentinBeijingshespentinBeijing中动词中动词中动词中动词spentspent是个及物动词，后接宾语，是个及物动词，后接宾语，是个及物动词，后接宾语，是个及物动词，后接宾语，thethedayday作动词作动词作动词作动词spentspent宾语。所以选宾语。所以选宾语。所以选宾语。所以选C.C.第36页9、Thecollegewonttakeanyone_eyesightisweak.A、whoB、whoseC、ofwhomD、whichB第37页10、Letmethinkofapropersituation_thissentencecanbeused.A、whereB、thatC、ofwhomD、whichA第38页11、Theman_youaretalkingisinthenextroom.A、towhomB、aboutwhomC、aboutwhoD、whomB第39页12、Idontliketheway_hespoketome.A、bythatB、whatC、bywhichD、/D第40页13、Thisisthereason_hetoldme.A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、forthatA当在定语从句中当在定语从句中时，假如时，假如reason在句子中充当成在句子中充当成份如：主语份如：主语.宾宾语或者表语时，语或者表语时，用用which/that第41页14、Hetoldmethereason_hedidntcomehere.A、whichB、thatC、whyD、whatC当是在原因状语当是在原因状语从句中时从句中时,先行词先行词reason不在从句不在从句中做任何成份时，中做任何成份时，通常能够用通常能够用why来引导来引导第42页