历年高中生英语学业水平知识点.docx

历年高中生英语学业水平知识点高中英语学业水平考试知识点1Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.Well-known for their expertise, his parents' companyConfused by the new surroundings, I was hit by the lack of fresh air.Exhausted, I slid into the bed and fell fast asleep.过去分词作状语：过去分词作状语时，说明动作发生的背景或情 况，其等同于一个状语从句。vt过去分词作状语时与主句主语构成 被动关系，表示被动和完成，VI过去分词表示状态或动作的完成。Heated , water changes into steam .The professor came in, followed by a group of young people .1作原因状语，等于as / since / because引导从句Moved by what she said ,we couldn' t help crying .=(As we are moved by what she said 2作时间状语，等于when引导时间从句，如果分词表示的动作 与谓语的动作同时发生，可在分词前加when/ while / until等使 时间意义更明确。When heated , water can be changed into steam .Seen from the hill ,the park looks very beautiful .=(When the park is seen from the hill3作条件状语等于if / whether引导从句persuade sb. out of doing sth.说服某人不要做某事persuade sb. thatclause 使某人相信联想拓展talk sb. into/out of doing sth. =reason sb. into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事trick sb. into/out of doing sth.诱使某人做/不做某事urge sb. into/out of doing sth.怂恿某人做/不做某事易混辨析advise/persuadeadvise强调"劝告，建议”的动作，不注重结果；而persuade强 调"已经说服"，重在结果。用法上：advise可跟v.-ing形式作宾 语，也可以接 that-clause (that sb. should do),而 persuade 则 不能。I persuaded him of its truth.我使他相信这是真的。We will persuade him to take the medicine.我们将说服他把药吃下去。We persuaded her into taking the job.我们说服她接受了这份工作。I persuaded my father out of smoking.我劝服父亲戒了烟。高中英语学业水平考试知识点5重点单词1. honest adj.诚实的2. ancient dj.古代的3. compete vi.比赛4. competitor n.竞争者5. medal n.奖章6. host vt.主办7. magical adj.魔术的8. interview vt.面谈9. athlete n.运动员10. admit vt.承认11. set n.组12. slave n.奴隶13. stadium n.露天大型体育场14. gymnasium n.健身房15. replace vt.取代16. prize n.奖17. sliver n.银18. physical adj.物理的19. root n.根20. relate vt.有关21. sail vt.航行22. poster n.海报23. advertise vt.做广告24. foolish adj.愚蠢的25. promise vt. &n.答应26. golden adj.金的重点短语1. take part in 参加2. used to过去常常3. change one1 s mind 改变主意4. play an important role in 在.中起重要作用5. compete against/for 与.比赛6. work out计算出7. make sure 有把握8. a set of 一组9. as well as 也；又10. every four years 每四年11. one after another 陆续地12. all over the world 遍及世界13. as a matter of fact 事实上14. pick up 拾起全文3813字Given more attention , the cabbages could have grown better . = ( If they have been given more attention .Compared with you , we still have a long way to go =(If we are compared with you4作方式或伴随状语The actress came in , followed by her fans .She sat by the window , lost in thought .5作让步状语Much tired ,he still kept on working .= (Although he was tired ,) he .6独立主格结构：当分词的逻辑主语不是主句主语时，分词可 以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。常用来表 示伴随情况。The boy rushed into the classroom , his face covered with sweat .All things considered ,your article is of great value than hers .Rewrite with proper conjunctionsExample ： United we stand, divided we fall.If we are united, we will stand, but if we are divided,we will fall.1 Asked what had happened, he told us about it.fWhen he was asked what had happened,2 Well known for his expert advice, he received many invitations to give lectures.Because he was well known for his expert advice, 3 Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better.If we were given more time,4 Once translated into Chinese, the book became very popular among Chinese teenagers.Once it was translated into Chinese,5 Deeply interested in medicine, she decided to become a doctor.Because she was deeply interested in medicine,6 Left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all.Although he was left alone at home,现在分词与过去分词作状语现在分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系，；而过去分 词与其逻辑主语之间则表示被动关系。Seeing these pictures, I couldn' t help thinking of those days when I was in Beijing . Seen from the top of a thirty-storeyed building, Beijing looks more magnificent, (see)选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作 是主句的主语发出，分词就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。例 如：Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用注意：1 .系表示主语所处的状态in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him. ( lose) in white, she looks more beautiful. ( dress)be lost inbe dressed inbe interested inbe devoted tobe supposed to? be caught in the rainbe seated inbe prepared forbe determined to2.不与主语保持一致的固定结构generally speaking 一般说来strictly/ frankly speaking 严格地说/坦白地说judging from 从一判断all things considered 从整体来看taking all things into consideration 全面看来例如：Judging from his face, he must be ill.从他的脸色 看，他一定是病了。Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。(speaking不是dogs的动作)Practice1 . Complete each sentences using the P. P. of the right verb.build frighten trap follow shoot see examine2 by noises in the night, the girl no longer dared to sleep in her room.3 The lady returned home, by two policemen.4 After having been carefully, the room waslocked again.5 . in 1949, the exhibition hall is over 50 years old.6 from a distance, the Opera House looks like ship sails.7 If in a burning building, you should send for help.8 Although in the leg, he continued firing at the police.高中英语学业水平考试知识点21. chat vi.&n.聊天；闲聊典例1) . What were you chatting to him about? 2). I had a long chat with her (about her job).重点用法chat to/with sb (about sth) = have a chat with sb (about sth)与某人聊天、闲谈2. eastward adv,向东adj.向东的；朝东的典例1) . They were traveling eastward (s) to the city which appeared in their dreams.他们朝着东边向梦想中的城市进发。2) . The plane flied in an eastward direction.词语归纳eastward (s) adj. /adv. adj. /adv.向西的，向西地向东的，向东地westward(s)southward (s) adj. /adv.向南的，向南地northward (s) adj. /adv.向北的，向北地向东南的，向东南地向东北的，向东北地向西南的，向西南地向东北的，向东北地southeastward (s) adj. /adv.northeastward (s) adj. /adv.southwestward (s) adj. /adv.northwestward (s) adj. /adv.3) surround vt. &vi. 包围;围绕 surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings (常用 pl.)环境典例1) . Trees surround the pond.2) . The house was surrounded by high walls.重点用法surround. . . with. 用包围be surrounded by/with. 周围者是4. measure vi. &vt.测量；衡量；判定n. c,u尺寸；量具；计量 单位;措施典例1) . Can you measure accurately with this ruler?用这把尺 子能量得准吗？2) . It' s hard to measure his ability when we haven, t seen his work.没有见过他的作品，很难估计他的能力。重点用法measure A by B 用 B 衡量 A sth. measures 2 metres by 4metres某物长4米宽2米measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb, s measure 给某人量身做一套衣服5. mix vt.&vi.混合；调配mixture n. u, c混合(物)；混合状 态典例1) . The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me.2) . Oil and water don' t mix.3) . Oil won' t mix with water.词语归纳mix的短语:mix A and/with B把甲与乙拌和起来mix sth. up把某物拌和; 混淆某物mix sth. in/into 把某物掺进去 be/get mixed up with sth. /sb.与某事有关；与某人混在一起6. nearby adj.附近的;邻近的adv.在附近典例1) . Her mother lived in a nearby town. 2). Her mother lived nearby.重点用法nearby作形容词时，既可放在被修饰词之后也可放在被修饰词 之前。如： There were complaints from nearby residents / residents nearby.7. terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的 terrifying adj.（令人）可怕的典例1） . He terrified his children with ghost stories.2） . Her husband' s violence terrified her. 她丈夫的暴力 使她感到恐惧。重点用法be terrified at/by sth.被某事（物）恐吓 be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 害怕某事（物）8. impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记impression n. c印象;感 想impressive adj.给人印象深刻的典例1） . The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists.外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。2） . We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的 工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。重点用法impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某 人铭记某事物make/give/crate an impression on/upon. 给一个ER象have/get the impression that 有的印象高中英语学业水平考试知识点3First aid知识点】1. first aid 的意思是"急救"，例如：first aid to the injured给予伤员的急救。短语联想：give/offer aid 援助 come to sb's aid 帮助某人teaching aids 教具 medical aid 医疗救护with the aid of 借助于get injured受伤，在现代英语中大量地出现了由“get +及物 动词不达意的过去分词”构成的被动语态，这叫get -型被动语 态。又如：The computer got (was) damaged when we were moving. 我们 搬家的时候，电脑碰坏了。高中英语学业水平考试知识点4核心单词1. persuadevt.说服；劝服；使相信(同convince)常用结构：persuade sb. of sth.使某人相信某事persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事persuade sb. into doing sth. 说服某人做某事