陕西省西安市大联考2022-2023学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题.docx

陕西省西安市大联考2022-2023学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题学校:姓名:班级:考号：一、阅读理解About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard（蜥蜴）was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it.I didn't think about it much until a morning last week when I knocked my favorite teapot off the table. It burst into hundreds of pieces. As I swept up the mess, I wondered why we had been breaking so many things over the months.The destruction started three months ago. It was my husband's birthday. He had just lost his job. The uncertainty was starting to wear on us, so I wanted to do something special."Let's make a cake for Dad!1' I cried.My kids screamed with joy. We baked, iced and sprinkled for most of the day. Candles on the cake! Balloons on the walls! Flowers on the table!Two hours before my husband came back home from another job interview, my daughter climbed up to grab a glass vase from a high shelf. It fell and crashed beside the cake. Tiny pieces of glass were everywhere. She sobbed loudly as I threw the cake away. My husband had banana pudding for his birthday.Three days ago, the light in our living room suddenly went out. After several frustrating hours of unsuccessful attempts to fix it, my husband suggested watching the Michael Jordan documentary偿己录片）series The Last Dance.The poignancy（酸楚）of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. As I watched him take off his basketball uniform and replace it with a baseball uniform, I saw him leaving behind the laye】that no longer served him, just as our lizard had. Neither of them chose the moment that had transformed them. But they had to live with who they were after everything was different. Just like us. I realized that we have to learn to leave the past behind.Humans do not shed skin（蜕皮）as easily as other animals. The beginning of change is upsetting. The process is tiring. Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw18. Unlike the US, each year, major UK department stores spend millions onadvertisements that tell heart-warming short stories. Among the most famous is the John Lewis Christmas advert. It features a little girl called Bridget, whose trampoline becomes popular with local wildlife.The language of Christmas is also a subtle cultural difference. In the US, you would usually say "Merry Christmas". While in the UK, “happy" took on a higher-class meaning than "merry”. The royal family adopted "Happy Christmas" as their preferred greeting and others took note. 19 There is also a similar distinction on how to address the fat man in red. Americans call him “Santa Claus" or "Santa”, while Britons would refer to him as “Father Christmas9,-though “Santa" is sometimes used as well.All these differences make Christmas on both sides of the Atlantic distinctively interesting. 20 After all, the Christmas spirit is about spreading goodwill to all and spending quality time with family.A. Advertisements play an important part.B. So this term remains popular in the UK.C. So "Happy Christmas“ was used widely in the US.D. Indeed, you'll be hard-pressed to find this in the US.E. However, they can be different even among similar cultures.F. Even the most stubborn Briton or American would enjoy it in another country.G. Another difference is the UK's obsession with Christmas TV advertisements.【答案】16. E 17. D 18. G 19. B 20. F【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了英国和美国的圣诞节传统的不同之处。16. 根据上文“Christmas is a time for nostalgia （怀I日），when families come together from all around the world and traditions are observed.（圣诞节是一个怀旧的日子，来自世界各地的 家人聚在一起，遵守传统户结合后文主要说明了圣诞节的不同，故E选项“然而，即使 在相似的文化中，它们也可能不同”符合语境，故选E。17. 根据上文“Christmas dinner is perhaps where we see the biggest differences. British people traditionally consume turkey, mince pies, mulled wine for refreshment, and Christmas pudding for dessert.（圣诞晚餐也许是我们看到最大差异的地方。英国人传统上吃火鸡、 肉馅饼、热红酒作为点心，圣诞布丁作为甜点厂以及后文“For Americans, eggnog is the preferred drink alongside turkey or ham with sweet potato pies for dessert.（对于美国人来说， 蛋奶酒是最受欢迎的饮料，搭配火鸡或火腿和红薯派作为甜点广可知，本句是在说明美 国和英国的吃食不同。故D选项”的确，在美国你很难找到这样的东西"符合语境，故选 Do18. 根据后文“Unlike the US, each year, major UK department stores spend millions on advertisements that tell heart-warming short stories. Among the most famous is the John Lewis Christmas advert. It features a little girl called Bridget, whose trampoline becomes popular with local wildlife.（与美国不同的是，英国各大百货公司每年都要花费数百万美 元在讲述暖心小故事的广告上。其中最著名的是约翰刘易斯的圣诞广告。它的主角是 一个名叫布里奇特的小女孩，她的蹦床在当地野生动物中很受欢迎广可知，本句是在说 明美国人和英国人对圣诞广告上的不同态度，故G选项“另一个不同是英国人对圣诞电 视广告的痴迷”符合语境，故选G。19. 根据上文“The language of Christmas is also a subtle cultural difference. In the US, you would usually say “Merry Christmas". While in the UK, “happy" took on a higher-class meaning than “merry”. The royal family adopted "Happy Christmas as their preferred greeting and others took note.（圣诞节的语言也是一种微妙的文化差异。在美国，你通常 会说“圣诞快乐”。而在英国，“h叩py”比“merry”有更高级的含义。英国王室将“圣诞快乐” 作为他们最喜欢的问候语，其他人也注意到了这一点广可知，“圣诞快乐”这个词在英国 也是流行的。故B选项”所以这个词在英国仍然很流行“符合语境，故选B。20. 根据上文“All these differences make Christmas on both sides of the Atlantic distinctively interesting.（所有这些差异使大西洋两岸的圣诞节显得特别有趣广由此可知，就算身在不 同的国家也会喜欢上另一个国家的圣诞节。故F选项“即使是最固执的英国人或美国人, 在另一个国家也会喜欢（圣诞节）的"符合语境，故选F。三、完形填空How much do you know about athletes? Many people regard watching sports games as a form of 21. But for athletes, they are challenging the 22 of human beingsand breaking boundaries. Intensive training is a task which they do every day as a matter of 23, On May 6, 1954, Roger Bannister, who ran a mile in 3 minutes, 59.4 seconds, 24 the whole world's attention. People believed that it was 25 imagination for a person to run a mile within 4 minutes. Bannister made a （n）26 in what people believed was impossible. In the years since, more and moreathletes have overcome the four-minutemile27 . Today, the recordheld byHicham El Guerrouj of Morocco since July 7, 1999 28 at 3 minutes and 43. 13 seconds!Records are 29 at a lower and lower rate in both running and other fields. When new records are set, they're changed by a small proportion of a (n)30. Thedecimal point (小数点),set at one- tenth of a second for Bannistefs record, now 31 one-hundredth of a second. 32，well have to go to a third decimal place, and then afourth.The closer athletes get to being 33, the harder it is to make improvements.Even though they are 34 the best performances of human beings, excellent athletes can still 35 proportions of seconds off existing records. They have a real 36 to break records. The gaps between new and old records decrease 37, Athletes aregetting closer and closer to physiological 38 performances all the time. It will be tougher and tougher 39, However, excellent athletes never 40 trying.21. A. attentionB. contributionC. recreationD. communication22. A. beliefsB. rightsC , strengthsD. limits23. A. routineB. situationC. experienceD. opinion24. A. requiredB. avoidedC. attractedD. disturbed25. A. beyondB. withinC , fromD. by26. A. cutB. divisionC. involvementD. breakthrough27. A. differenceB. barrierC. habitD. fear28. A. aimsB. shootsC. worksD. stands29. A. updatedB. heldC. checkedD. established30. A. minuteB. hourC. secondD. day31. A. containsB. measuresC. meansD. covers32. A. InsteadB. SoonC. MeanwhileD. Besides33. A. honestB. strongC , perfectD. ordinary34. A. assessingB. affectingC. expectingD. approaching35. A. shaveB. keepC. payD. knock36. A. historyB. struggleC changeD. inspiration37. A. quicklyB. finallyC. normallyD. gradually38. A. satisfactoryB. peakC. consistentD. fair39. A. making sense B. taking effectC.making progressD. losing heart40. A. stopB. rememberC.startD. suggest【答案】21. C22. D23. A 24. C25. A 26. D 27. B28. D 29. A30. C 31. B32. B33. C34. D 35. A 36. B37. D 38. B39. C 40. A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多人把观看体育比赛看作是一种娱乐方式, 但对于运动员来说，体育运动是在挑战人类的极限，打破界限。21 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多人把观看体育比赛看作是一种娱乐方式。A. attention 注意力；B. contribution 贡献；C. recreation 娱乐,消遣；D. communication 交流。根据 下文“But for athletes, they are challenging”可知，相比于运动员,大多数人把体育比赛堪 称是娱乐方式。故选C。22 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于运动员来说，他们是在挑战人类的极限，打破界 限。A. beliefs 信念；B. rights 权力；C. strengths 优势，长处；D. limits 限制。根据"breaking boundaries”可知，此处表示挑战人类的极限。故选D。23 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：强化训练是他们每天例行公事的一项任务。A. routine 例行公事；B. situation 情况；C. experience 经验，经历；D. opinion 观点。根据“which they do every day”可知，对于运动员来说强化训练是例行公事。故选A。24 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：1954年5月6日，罗杰班尼斯特以3分59.4秒的成绩 跑完一英里,吸引了全世界的目光。A. required要求；B.avoided避免；C. attracted吸 引；D. disturbed 打扰。根据"On May 6, 1954, Roger Bannister, who ran a mile in 3 minutes, 59.4 seconds”可知，罗杰班尼斯特以3分59.4秒的成绩跑完一英里，吸引了全世界的目 光。attract one's attention为固定短语，意为“吸引某人注意"。故选C。25 .考查介词词义辨析。句意：人们认为一个人在4分钟内跑一英里是难以想象的。A. beyond 超越；B. within 在之内；C. from 来自；D. by 靠，通过。Beyond imagination为固定短语，意为“难以想象。根据“run a mile within 4 minutes.”可知，在4分钟之内跑 完一英里这样的速度超出了人们的想象。故选A。26 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：班尼斯特在人们认为不可能的事情上取得了突破。A. cut 切口； B. division 分开，分配；C. involvement 参与，牵连;D. breakthrough 突破。根据 "what people believed was impossible”可知，人们认为这件事不可能发生，他却做到了, 因此此处表示取得了突破。故选D。27 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，越来越多的运动员突破了 4分钟一英里的障 碍。A. difference 不同，差别；B. barrier 障碍；C. habit 习惯；D. fear 害怕。根据"Bannister made a breakthrough”可知，对于许多人来说达到这样的速度是一个障碍。故选B。28 .考查动词词义辨析。句意:今天，摩洛哥的HichamElGuerrouj自1999年7月7 日以来保持的世界纪录是3分43秒13 !A.aims旨在，瞄准；B.shoots射击，发射；C. works 工作，运转；D. stands 站立，忍受。根据“at 3 minutes and 43. 13 seconds!”可知， 此处表示Hicham El Guerrouj 一直保持着记录。故选D。29 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：在跑步和其他领域，记录的更新速度越来越慢。A. updated 更新；B. held 举办；C. checked 检查；D. established 建立。根据下文“When new records are set, they*re changed by a small proportion of a second?9 （当新的记录被设定时，它们只 会在一小部分秒内发生改变。）可知，记录更新的速度很慢。故选A。30 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：当新的记录被设定时，它们只会在一小部分秒内发生改 变。A. minute 分钟;B. hour 小时;C. second 秒；D. day 白天。根据下文“set at one-tenth of a second”可知，此处是信息词"second”的词汇复现。故选C。31 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据班尼斯特的记录，小数点设定在十分之一秒，现在 是百分之一秒。A. contains包含；B.measures衡量；C.means意味着；D.covers覆盖。 根据“set”此处表示衡量的标准现在是百分之一秒。故选Bo32 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，我们要到小数点后第三位，然后是第四位。A. Instead 代替，反而；B. Soon不久；C. Meanwhile与此同时；D. Besides此外。上文提到“now measures one-hundredth of a second. ”, 下文提至'go to a third decimal place, and then a fourth.”可知，这个变化的过程很快。故选B。33 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运动员越接近完美，进步就越困难。A. honest诚实的； B. strong强壮的；C.perfect完美的；D. ordinary普通的，平常的。根据下文“the best performances of human beings”可知，此处表示接近完美。故选Co34 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们的表现接近人类的最佳水平，优秀的运动员仍 然可以将现有记录缩短几秒。A. assessing评价；B.affecting影响；C.expecting期待； D. approaching 接近。根据上文“The closer athletes get to being perfect”可知,此处表示 接近最佳水平。故选D。35 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们的表现接近人类的最佳水平，优秀的运动员仍 然可以将现有记录缩短几秒。A. shave （少量的）削减，掠过，擦过；B.keep保持；C. pay支付；D. knock敲，打。此优秀的运动员仍然可以将现有记录缩短几秒。故选A。36 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们为打破纪录而奋斗。A. history历史；B. struggle 4 争,奋斗；C.change变化；D.inspiration灵感,启发灵感的人或事。根据“break records” 可知，运动员一直为打破记录而奋斗。故选B。37 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：新记录与旧记录之间的差距逐渐缩小。A. quickly迅速 地；B. finally最终;C.normally正常地;D.gradually逐渐地。经过不断地努力,新旧 记录之间地差距逐渐减少。故选D。38 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运动员在生理上的巅峰表现无时无刻不在离他们越来 越近。A. satisfactory令人满意的；B. peak最高的，最大值的；C.consistent坚持的，始 终如一的，一致的；D. fair公平的。运动员一直在接近自己生理上地巅峰表现。故选B。39 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：将越来越难取得进展。A. making sense有意义，合理； B. taking effect 起作用，见效；C. making progress 取得进步；D. losing heart 失去信心。 根据"tougher and tougher”可知，运动员越接近巅峰表现，想要取得进步就越难。故选C。 40.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，优秀的运动员从不停止尝试。A. stop停止；B. remember记得；C.start开始；D. suggest建议。上文提到“很难取得进步”，however |if 后为转折关系，此处表示“从来不会停止尝试“。故选A。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Fuchsia Dunlop from the UK likes to post her experiences of food from around the world on social media. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, cooking Chinese food 41 (become) a way fbr her to deal with the "endless lockdown”.42 (realize) her dream of becoming a cook, she decided to come to Chengdu, 43 she learned local cooking skills in 1994. Seven years later, Dunlop published her first book, Sichuan Cookery, 44 (praise) as “one of the top 10 cookbooks of all time”. So far, she has published five books about Chinese cuisines, showing her deep understanding of the food culture that 45 (run) in the blood of Chinese people.Having studied Chinese food culture for nearly 20 years, she regards Jiangnan 46 the center of the nation's gastronomy (美食学).The decisive moment was in 2008 when she went to Longjing Caotang, 47 restaurant in Hangzhou. The whole cooking method was so moving and 48 (impress) that, at that moment, she decided to write a book about the area. According to Dunlop, by presenting the 49 (dish), she is trying to paint a picture of the area and display 50 (it) different sides, from the banquet to the streetfood.【答案】41. has become 42. To realize 43. where 44. praised 45. runs 46. as47. a 48. impressive 49. dishes 50. its【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主耍讲述了来自英国的Fuchsia Dunlop喜欢中国的美食，来 到成都学习烹饪技巧并为美食著书的故事。41 .考查时态。句意：自从2019新型冠状病毒疾病爆发以来，烹饪中餐已经成为她应 对“无尽封锁”的一种方式。根据时间状语Since the outbreak of COVID-19可知，句子应 用现在完成时，主语cooking Chinese food为动名词短语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数 形式，即 has becomeo 故填 has becomeo42 .考查非谓语动词。句意：为了实现成为一名厨师的梦想，1994年她决定来到成都， 在那里学习了当地的烹饪技巧。此处为非谓语动词，结合语意，她来到成都是为了实现 成为厨师的梦想，所以用不定式形式作目的状语。故填To realize。43 .考查定语从句。句意：为了实现成为一名厨师的梦想，1994年她决定来到成都， 在那里学习了当地的烹饪技巧。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行 词Chengdu,先行词指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导从句。 故填where o44 .考查非谓语动词。句意：七年后，邓洛普出版了她的第一本书四川烹饪，被誉 为“有史以来十大烹饪书籍之一”。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，praise与逻辑主 语Sichuan Cookery之间是被动关系，所以空处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填praisedo 45.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，她已经出版了五本关于中国美食的书籍， 显示了她对中国人血液中流淌的饮食文化的深刻理解。分析句子结构，that引导定语从 句，空处作从句谓语，从句描述现在的一般性事实，应用一般现在时，从句主语that 指代先行词food culture,为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填runs。46 .考查介词。句意：研究中国饮食文化近20年后，她认为江南是中国美食的中心。 regard sth. as为固定搭配,表示“认为某物是”,所以空处应用介词as。故填as。47 .考查冠词。句意：关键时刻是2008年，她去了龙井草堂，一家杭州的餐馆。结合 语意，此处泛指一家杭州的餐馆，空处应用不定冠词，restaurant是辅音音素开头的单 词，前边应用a。故填a。48 .考查形容词。句意：整个烹饪方法如此感人和令人印象深刻，以至于在那一刻，她 决定写一本关于这个地区的书。空处与moving并列，应用形容词impressive,表示“令 人印象深刻的“，作句子表语。故填impressive。49 .考查名词。句意：邓禄普说，通过展示菜肴，她试图描绘出该地区的一幅画面，并 展示其不同方面，从宴会到街头美食。分析句子结构，空处应用名词形式作动词 presenting的宾语，菜肴多种多样，应用可数名词的复数形式。故填dishes。50 .考查代词。句意：邓禄普说，通过展示菜肴，她试图描绘出该地区的一幅画面，并 展示其不同方面，从宴会到街头美食。结合语意，此处表示展示该地区的不同方面，应 用形容词性物主代词its,表示“它的"。故填its。五、短文改错51 .假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文 中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或 修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；52 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Last weekend, I shop for books in a bookstore. While choosing a book, I suddenly found that my cellphone was almost dead. I was anxiously because I had to use my cellphone pay fbr a taxi home. I looked fbr around but couldn't find any outlets in the bookstore. I asked a salesgirl that there was a charging service. To her joy, there was a wireless charging device. She helped me operate it, and the cellphone ran out of power, failing to charge. Just then the bookstore owners passe