牛津译林版七年级上册英语Unit 7语法知识点总结（含练习题及答案）.docx

牛津译林版七年级上册英语Unit 7语法知识点总结Comic Strip知识点01 hate 教材P80【用法详解】hate v.讨厌，恨同义词：dislikehate doing sth （经常性）讨厌做某事I hate singing in public.我讨厌在公共场合唱歌。hate to do sth （偶尔）讨厌做某事He hates to swim on rainy days.他讨厌在雨天去游泳。hate sb to do sth讨厌某人做某事I hate him to talk so much.我讨厌他说那么多。【典例讲解】Amy （hate） that boy because he took away her favourite toy.【答案】hated【解析】句意：艾米讨厌那个男孩，因为他拿走了她最喜欢的玩具。根据从句中的动词took 可知，句子用的是一般过去时，主从句动作发生的时间要保持一致，所以主句的应该也用一 般过去时，所以填hated。知识点02 carry 教材P80【用法详解】carry v.拿、提、搬carry sth to a place把某物拿到某地carry sth for sb为某人拿某物Please carry the box for the teacher.请为老师搬那个盒子。【典例讲解】This box seemsfor us to.A.light enough; carryB.enough light; carry itC.easily enough; carry itD.enough easily; carry【答案】A【解析】句意：这个箱子似乎足够轻，我们搬得动。考查enough位置和及物动词的用法。 enough足够的（地），修饰形容词或副词时要后置，故排除B和D；系动词seems后接形容 词，排除C。题中This box是carry的逻辑宾语,carry后不用it。故选A。【拓展】carry, bring, take与get区另!JHe studies harder than any of his classmates.他比班上任何一个学生都努力.二He studies harder than any other student in his class.2）作“任何，无论谁”解。Any of them will do.他们中间的谁都行.Any of them can tell you.他们无论谁都能告诉你.【典例讲解】1 .一Can I havesweets?Sorry, I don't have.I'll buy from the supermarket.A.some; any; someB.any; any; someC.any; some; someD.some; any; any【答案】A【解析】句意:我可以吃些糖果吗？ 对不起，我没有。我去超市买一些。考查形容 词辨析。some和any一些，可以修饰可数和不可数名词。some常用于肯定句和表示请求 建议的疑问句中；any常用于疑问句和否定句。第一空希望得到肯定回答用some；第二空 否定句用any；第三空肯定句用some。故选A。2 .一I'm a little hungry, Mum! Can I have pies?There aren't pies. There is only bread on the table. You may take it.A.any; any; someB.some; any; anyC.some; some; someD.some; any; some【答案】D【解析】句意：我有点饿，妈妈！我可以吃点馅饼吗？ 没有馅饼了。在桌子上只有 一些面包。你可以吃它。考查不定代词辨析。some一些，用于肯定句或表请求的疑问句；any任何，用于疑问句或 否定句。第一个句子表请求，希望得到对方肯定回答，故第一空填some；第二个空所在句 子是否定句，故第二空填any。第三个空所在句子是肯定句，故第三个空填some,故选D。3 .一Are thereapples on the tree?一No, there are birds in it.A.some; anyB.any; someC.any; anyD.some; some【答案】B【解析】句意：树上有苹果吗？ 不，里面有一些鸟。考查不定代词。some一般用 在肯定句中和表示用于表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句；any用在疑问句和否 定句中；空格在一般疑问句，用any；空格2在肯定句中，用some；故选B。知识点02 there be 教材P86【用法详解】L在There be句型中出现两个及以上的主语时,Be动词的选择就应该以较接近的主语为主, 即就近原则，顾名思义，就是以近处的主语为主。There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由后面挨近的一项的单复 数决定。There is a pen,two books and many pencils on the desk.在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen,因此，be 动词用单数isoThere is a book and three cats.=There are three cats and a book.6 . there be表示某处有某物，表示一种客观存在，have表示一种主观拥有。There is a book in Tom's schoolbag.=Tom has a book in his schoolbag.7 .there be结构的将来时态：there is going to be .= there will be .There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.=There will be a meeting tomorrow.【典例讲解】1 .一There many foreign students in her class.一Yes. I know two of them are.A.are; JapaneseB.is; Australian C.are; Germany D.is; America【答案】A【解析】句意： 在她的班上有很多外国学生。对。我知道他们中有两个是日本人。 考查主谓一致及名词辨析。Japanese日本人；Australian澳大利亚人；Germany德国；America 美国。第一句是there be句型，主语many foreign students是复数，故用be动词are,故排除 B、D选项。根据"I know two of them are”可知，此处指某个国家的人，故排除C选项。故 选Ao2 .Theregreat changes in Tianshui in next ten years.A.areB.wereC.will beD.are going to have【答案】c【解析】句意：在未来的十年里，在天水市将会有巨大的变化。考查动词时态。根据"in next ten years”可知，此句用 there be 句型的一般将来时结构：there will be 或 there is/are gong to be, there be句型不能与have同时存在，故选Co3 .There still some orange juice in the fridge. Ifs not necessary for us to go to thesupermarket now.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【答案】A【解析】句意：冰箱里还有一些橙子汁。我们现在没有必要去超市。考查主谓一致。表示某 处有某物常用There be句型。本句主语some orange juice属不可数名词，be动词应用单数 形式，根据"It's not necessary for us to go to the supermarket now.”可知，句中时态为一般现在 时，所以be动词使用is。故选A。Integrated Skills - Task知识点01 needmost教材P88【用法详解】need . most 最需要need作为情态动词：need do sth （需要做某事）匚力 needn do sth（不必做某事）You needn't finish that work today.你不必今天做完这项工作。If she wants anything, she need only ask.她想要什么东西，只要开一下口就行了need作为实义动词：need to do sth （需要做某事）=>don't need to do sth （不必做某事） need sb/sth需要某人/某物 need sb to do sth需要某人做某事Do you need any help?你需要帮忙吗？Doni go-I might need you.别走一我可能要你帮忙。I need to get some sleep.我需要睡会儿觉。He needs to win this game to stay in the match.他得嬴下这场比赛以免被淘汰出局。You don't need to leave yet, do you?你不必现在就走吧？need作为名词：in need of需要There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。I had no need to open the letter-I knew what it would say.我没必要拆开那封信一我知道里面会说些什么。The house is in need of a thorough clean这房子需要来个大扫除。【典例讲解】Motherbuy any milk today.A.needs notB.doesn't need toC.needn't toD.doesn't need【答案】B【解析】句意：妈妈今天不需要买牛奶。考查否定句谓语形式。needs not表述错误；doesn't need to不必;needn't to表述错误；doesn't need不需要。need to do sth,”需要做某事”,作为 实义动词变否定句需借助助动词do。故选B。知识点02 a pair of教材P88【用法详解】a pair of修饰可数名词复数做主语,谓语动词的单复数和pair保持一致。A pair of trousers is on the bed. 一条裤子在床上。Here is a pair of glasses on the desk.这儿桌子上有一副眼镜。【典例讲解】Look! Therea pair of glasses and two boxes on the table.A.isB.areC.wasD.were【答案】A【解析】句意：看！桌子上有一副眼镜和两个盒子。根据“Look!”可知要用一般现在时，There be句型遵循就近一致原则,be动词与“a pair of glasses''的数保持一致，由“a pair”可知要用is。 故选Ao知识点03 try on教材P88【用法详解】try on试穿，试戴，它是由动词和副词构成的动词词组名词做宾语时，可以放在该词组的后面 或中间，但是人称代词做宾语时,人称代词要放中间。Please try on the coat. = Please try the coat on. 请试穿一下这件上衣。It looks nice. You can try it on.它看起来不错，你可以试穿一下它。【典例讲解】We'd better（试穿）the clothes before we buy them.【答案】try on【解析】句意：我们最好在买这些衣服之前先试穿一下。试穿：try on； had better do sth.表 示“最好做某事”，所以空处用动词原形。故填try。3知识点04 fit 教材P88【用法详解】fit作为动词的用法1）合适，一般指的是尺寸、大小的合适。I tried the dress on but it didn*t行t.我试穿了那连衣裙，但不合身。That jacket fits well.那件短上衣很合身。2）（大小、式样、数量适合）可容纳，装进Pd like to have a desk in the room but it won't fit.我想在房间放一张桌子,但是搁不下。All the kids will fit in the back of the car.所有的孩子都可以坐到车的后排。fit作为形容词的用法1) fit 健康的 keep fit = keep healthy 保持健康He won't be fit to play in the match on Saturday.他身体不适，不能在星期六出场比赛。She tries to keep fit by jogging every day.她每天慢跑以保持健康。2) fit (质量、素质或技能)适合的，恰当的,合格的be fit for合适The food was not fit for human.这食物不适合人吃。It was a meal fit for a king (-of very good quality).这饭菜够得上御膳。Your car isn*t fit to be on the road!你的车子还不适合上马路。【典例讲解】一The T-shirt reallyyour new skirt.But it doesn't me well. Its too small. What a pity!A.fit, matchB.matches; fitC.fits; fitD.matches; match【答案】B【解析】句意：这件T恤衫和你的新裙子很搭配。但它不适合我。它太小了。真 可惜！考查动词及一般现在时。match搭配；fit适合。由“The T-shirt really. your new skirt." 可知，此处指T恤衫和裙子很搭配，本句为一般现在时，主语The T-shirt为第三人称单数, 故match用其三单形式matches。由“Ifs too small.”可知，此处指T恤衫不适合我，助动词 doesn't后跟动词原形fito故选B。【拓展】fit, suit, match区别l)fit往往强调尺寸、大小或形状上的吻合。3) This coat fits me very well.这件外套我穿起来很合身。4) These shoes dorTt fit me. Have you got a larger size?这鞋我穿不合适。你们有大点的吗？5) The key doesn't fit well.这钥匙(与这锁孔的形状)不吻合。6) 2) suit侧重于符合某人的口味，或服装颜色、款式等的相配或适合。7) That haircut suits you.那种发型很适合你。8) It's a small house but it suits our needs.这是一栋小房子，但它符合我们的需要。9) A good teacher suits his lessons to the age of the students.好的教师根据学生的年龄来上课。10) 3) match多指两个物体大小、色调、形状、性质等方面很相配,显得很协调。11) The carpets should match the curtains.地毯应该和窗帘相配。12) Do these shoes match my dress?这鞋子与我的衣月艮酉己吗？13) Your cups match your saucers.您的杯子和茶碟非常相配。知识点05 another 教材P88【用法详解】another 又一；再一；另一（事物或人）Would you like another drink?还想喝一杯吗？I got another of those calls yesterday.昨天我又接了一个那样的电话。Lets do it another time.咱们其他时间再办这件事吧。I don't like this room. Tm going to ask for another.我不喜欢这个房间。我打算另要一间。【典例讲解】一What about these two coats, madam?of them fits me.Could you show me one?A.Either； otherB.Neither； anotherC.Either； elseD.Either； another【答案】B【解析】句意：夫人，这两件外套怎么样？ 两件都不适合我。你能给我再拿一件吗？ 考查不定代词。either两者其一；neither二者都不；other修饰名词，位于名词的前面；else 修饰不定代词、疑问代词或疑问副词，置后。another形容词，三者或以上另外的；根据“Could you show meone”可知此处指“二者都不合适”，用neither；空格2指“拿另外的一件“，用 another；故选 B。【拓展】another, the other, the others, other, others 区另！Janother=an+ other,既可作形容词，也可作代词，只能用于三个或更多的人或物,泛指同类事物 中的三者或三者以上的“另一个'只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。I don9t like this one. Please show me another.我不喜欢这一个,请给我看看另一个。I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker.我有三个女JL。 一个是护士,另一个是教师，还有一个是工人。the other指两个人或物中的一个时，只能用the other,不能用another,此时的other作代词。the other后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词,此时的other作形容词。He has two daughters. One is a nurse, the other is a worker.他有两个女儿，一个是护士，另一个是工人。On the other side of the street,there is a tall tree.在街道的另一边，有一棵大树。the others是the other的复数形式。“其他东西，其余的人”。特指某一范围内的“其他的（人 或物）Two boys will go to the zoo, and the others will stay at home.两个男孩将去动物园，其余的留在家里。other可作形容词或代词，做形容词时，意思是“别的，其他”，泛指“其他的（人或物）”Do you have any other question(s)?你还有其他问题吗？Ask some other people.问问别人吧！Put it in your other hand.把它放在你另一只手里。others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个/其余的工在句中可作主语、宾语。Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports.我们一些人喜欢唱歌和跳舞，其余的从事体育活动。Give me some others, please.请给我别的东西吧！There are no others.没有别的 了。知识点06 note 教材P90【用法详解】note做可数名词，意为“笔记，便条”，与note相关的短语有：make a note = take a note 做记录，做笔记We should make notes in class.【典例讲解】The teacher told us that it was a good habit in every class .A.to take notesB.take a noteC.take notesD.to take note【答案】A【解析】句意:老师告诉我们每节课上做笔记是好习惯。考查非谓语动词。It is+to do.做是的。是固定句式。a good habit to do sth做某事的好习惯。不定式作后置定语。take notes 做笔记，故选A。知识点07 top教材P90【用法详解】top n.顶；顶部；顶端on the top of在的顶端She was standing at the top of the stairs.她站在楼梯的顶端。He filled my glass to the top .他把我的杯子斟得满满的。We climbed to the very top of the hill.我们爬至了 山的最高点。top adj.(位置、级别或程度)最高的He's one of the top players in the country.他是国内最优秀的运动员之一。She got the top job.她得到了那个最高职位。He finished top in the exam.他考试得了第一名。【典例讲解】The（顶端）of the tower is white with snow.【答案】top【解析】句意：塔顶被白雪覆盖着。顶端：top； the top of在的顶部，固定短语。故填topo知识点 08 a good place to meet friends and have fun 教材 P90【用法详解】to meet friends and have fun为动词不定式短语做后置定语，修饰名词placeo动词不定式做定 语时,放在被修饰的名词的前面。Ifs a good place to swim.这是一个游泳的好地方。He has a lot of clothes to wash,他有很多衣服要洗。【典例讲解】People who suffered from the heavy storm had no rooms.A.to liveB.to live inC.live inD.to live on【答案】B【解析】句意：遭受暴风雨的人们没有房间住。考查非谓语动词、动词短语。live居住；to livein居住在，不定式；liveinto居住；live on以为食；根据room提示可知此处指“居住的房子”,用不定式当定语；不定式与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如果是不及物动词， 则需加介词；live in”居住在”；故选B。1. bring和take是一对反义词。bring表示从别处把某人或物“带来”或“拿来”，而take则 指把某人或物“带走”或“拿走”（到别处）。2. Please take the empty cup away and bring me a cup of tea.请把这个空杯子拿走，给我拿杯茶 来。3. He took out his dictionary and looked up the word.他拿出词典来查这个词。4. 2. get指到别处把某人或物带来，在意义上相当于go and bringo5. Shall I get you your coat from the next room?要不要我从隔壁房间把你的大衣拿来？6. It's time to get the children from school.是把孩子们从学校接回来的时候了。3.carry指“随身携带”（如搬，提，拿，扛，抬，抱，背，带等），不具体说明来去的方向， 有时含有沉重或麻烦之意。She carried her baby in her arms.她把婴儿抱在怀里。I never carry much money（with me.我身上从不带很多钱。知识点03 maybe 教材P81【用法详解】maybe adv.也许，可能。常位于句首，做状语。Maybe you can ask him for help.或许，你可以向他寻求帮助。【典例讲解】Maybe he is in the library.He in the library.答案】may be【解析】句意：也许他在图书馆。maybe意为“也许；可能；大概”，表示推测；短语may be 也可以表示推测。改后同义句的意思是：他可能在图书馆里。故填：may； be。【拓展】maybe与may be区别词条含义及用法例句may bemay be是情态动词+ be动词，在句 中做谓语，位于句中。Maybe he is right.maybemaybe是副词。在句中做状语，一 般位于句首。He may be right.知识点 04 be interested in教材 P81【用法详解】interested adj.（人）感兴趣的 be interested in 对感兴趣Fm very interested in history.我很喜欢历史。Alex is not interested in girls yet.亚历克斯对女孩子还不感兴趣。interesting adj.（物）有趣的Did you go anywhere interesting?你去过任何有趣的地方吗？Cant we do something more interesting?我们就不能做点更有意思的事情吗？interest v.使感兴趣；使关注Politics doesn't interest me.我对政治不感兴趣。She always interests herself in charity work.她始终关注慈善工作。interest n.兴趣，关注to feel/have/show/express （an） interest in sth 对感到/表现出/表示关注Do your parents take an interest in your friends?你的父母有兴趣了解你的朋友吗？I watched with interest.我兴致勃勃地看着。【典例讲解】of the boy students in my class collecting stamps.A.Everyone, is interested inB.Each, is interested inC.A11, are interesting inD.Most, is interested in【答案】B【解析】句意:我们班每个男生都对集邮感兴趣。考查不定代词和形容词短语。Everyone 复合不定代词每个人，不与。f连用；Each每个，可与of连用；AH所有的，可与of连用; Most大多数，可与of连用。分析第二处可知，是形容词短语be interested in翻译为“对 感兴趣”，排除C；分析剩余三项谓语动词可知，是表单数的is,排除D；又因为A项中的 Everyone不与of连用，排除A,故选B。知识点 05 You are welcome. 教材 P81【用法详解】You are welcome.别客气，不用谢同义句：Thafs ok. = Thafs all right. = Not at all. = My pleasure.Thanks for helping me with English.一You are welcome./ That's ok. / That's all right. / Not at all. / My pleasure.【典例讲解】Thank you very much for sending the postcard.A.No wayB.Take it easyC.Never mindD.You are welcome【答案】D【解析】句意：非常感谢你寄来的明信片。不客气。考查情景交际。Noway没 门；Take it easy放轻松；Never mind没关系(问答别人的道歉)；You are welcome不用谢。 根据"Thank you very much for sending the postcard."可知，下句应该是说"不用谢"，因此D符 合语境。故选D。Reading知识点01 take a look 教材P82【用法详解】look n看take a look = have a look 看一看look作为动词的用法1、单独使用时，后不跟介词。I looked but saw nothing.我看了，但什么也没看见。Look! Here comes the bus.瞧!汽车来了。2、和at连用。The teacher is looking seriously at us.老师正严肃地看着我们。Look at these pictures. How beautiful they are!看这些画,它们是多么漂亮啊！3、用作连系动词，意为“看起来”。You look well/fine/healthy.你看起来很健康。He looks a nice, honest man.他看上去是个诚实的好人。He looks in good health.他看来十分健康。【典例讲解】Andy,(take) a look at this card.【答案】take【解析】句意：安迪，看看这张卡片。根据句首的人名“Andy”由逗号隔开，可知下句为祈 使句，表示要求、请求或建议“Andy”做的事情，所以应用动词原形，故填take。【拓展】look短语搭配look at看着；看；看望；看待look for寻找；希望得到look out of向/朝看look out for小心look after照看，照料look around四下环顾，到处寻找知识点02 cost教材P82【用法详解】cost V.值多少钱，需付费,cost主语只能是物，不能是人。常用句型：sth cost sb some money某物花了某人多少钱I didn't get it because it cost too much.因为那东西太昂贵我没买。Tickets cost ten dollars each.每张票价为十元。Dorft use too much of itit costs a lot of money.这东西很贵，不要用得太多。cost n.费用；花费；价钱the high/low cost of housing住宅的高昂/低廉费用The total cost to you is £ 3 000.你总共要支付 3 000 英镑。【典例讲解】The trip to South Hill two hours and the of it was 80 yuan per student.A.took; spendB.spent; costC.paid; takeD.took; cost【答案】D【解析】句意：南山之旅花了两个小时，每个学生80元。考查词义辨析。take动词，花费， 主语是物；spend动词，花费，主语是人；pay动词，付款，主语是人/名词，工资；cost动 词，花费，主语是人/名词，花费。第一处作谓语，主语是“The trip"，指物，用take,排除 BC；第二处用在“the+n+of结构中，用cost。故选D。【拓展】表示“花费”的四个词cost, spend, take, pay的区别：1. spend的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：2. (1) spend time / money on sth.在上花费时间(金钱)。I spent two hours on this maths problem.这道数学题花了我两个小时。3. ) spend time / money (in) doing sth.花费时间(金钱)做某事。They spent two years (in) building this bridge.造这座桥花了他们两年时间。2. cost的主语是物或某种活动，还可以表示“值”，常见用法如下：sth. costs (sb.) +金钱：某物花了(某人)多少钱。A new computer costs a lot of money.买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。3. take后面常跟双宾语，常见用法有以下几种：It takes sb. +时间+ to do sth.做某事花了某人多少时间。It took them three years to build this road.他们用 了 三年时间修完了 这条路。4. pay的主语必须是人，常用于以下结构：sb pay some money for sth.付钱(给某人)买I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.我每个月要付 20 英磅的房租。教材P82知识点03 cheap【用法详解】cheap adj. 便宜的反义词：expensiveMost people think that shopping online is cheap.大部分人认为网购便宜。当表示“物品的昂贵或便宜”时，常用expensive或cheap表示，而“价格的高低”则用high 或low来表示。The dress is very cheap. I will take it.这件连衣裙恨便宜，我要买下它。The price of the watch is too high.这个表的价格太高