2023年全国甲卷英语真题(解析版).pdf

2023 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国甲卷全国甲卷)英语学科英语学科第一部分第一部分 听力听力(共两节，满分共两节，满分 30 分分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。到答题卡上。第一节第一节(共共 5 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 1.5 分分)听下面听下面 5 段对话段对话。每段对话后有一个小题每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后听完每段对话后，你都有你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍每段对话仅读一遍。1.Where does the conversation probably take place?A.In the book store.B.In the register office.C.In the dorm building.2.What is the weather like now?A.Sunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.3.What does the man want to do on the weekend?A.Do some gardening.B.Have a barbecue.C.Go fishing.4.What are the speakers talking about?A.Anew office.B.Achange of their jobs.C.Aformer colleague.5.What do we know aboutAndrew?A.Hes optimistic.B.Hes active.C.Hes shy.第二节第二节(共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 1.5 分，满分分，满分 22.5 分分)听下面听下面 5 段对话或独白段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟秒钟;听完后，各听完后，各小题将给出小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第听第 6 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 6、7 题。题。6.Which of the following does the woman dislike?A.The bedroom.B.The sitting room.C.The kitchen.7.What does the woman suggest they do next?A.Go to another agency.B.See some other flats.C.Visit the neighbours.听第听第 7 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 8、9 题。题。8.What is the man doing?A.Hes making a phone call.B.Hes chairing a meeting.C.Hes hosting a program.9.What makes Mrs.Johnson worried about her daughter in Africa?A.Lack of medical support.B.Inconvenience of communication.C.Poor transportation system.听第听第 8 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 10 至至 12 题。题。10.What position does the man apply for?A.Asalesperson.B.An engineer.C.An accountant.11.Which aspect of the company appeals to the man?A.The company culture.B.The free accommodations.C.The competitive pay.12.What is difficult for the man to deal with?A.Interpersonal relationships.B.Quality-quantity balance.C.Unplanned happenings.听第听第 9 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 13 至至 16 题。题。13.How does Robert sound when speaking of his being a writer?A.Hopeful.B.Grateful.C.Doubtful.14.What was Robert like before he was 9 years old?A.He had wild imagination.B.He enjoyed sports.C.He loved science.15.What did Roberts father do?A.Ateacher.B.Acoach.C.Alibrarian.16.What helped Robert become a writer?A.Writing daily.B.Listening to stories.C.Reading extensively.听第听第 10 段材料，回答第段材料，回答第 17 至至 20 题。题。17.Where was Open Tchaikovsky Competition held in 1986?A.In Moscow.B.In Chelyabinsk.C.In Berlin.18.What does Maxim say about the competition he attended at 10?A.It inspired many young musicians.B.It was the music event of his dreams.C.It was a life-changing experience.19.Which kind of music are the young players required to play?A.Rock music.B.Pop music.C.Classical music.20.What does Maxim value most in young playersperformance?A.Expressiveness.B.Smoothness.C.Completeness.第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解(共两节共两节,满分满分 40 分分)第一节第一节(共共 15 小题小题:每小题每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和和 D 四个选项中四个选项中,选出最佳选项。选出最佳选项。AWhere to Eat in BangkokBangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers.It has a seemingly bottomless well of dining options.Here are some suggestions on where to start your Bangkok eating adventure.NahmOffering Thai fine dining.Nahm provides the best of Bangkok culinary(烹饪的)experiences.Its the onlyThai restaurant that ranks among the top 10 of the words 50 best restaurants list.Head Chef David Thompson,whoreceived a Michelin star for his Loodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name,opened this branch in theMetropolitan Hotel in 2010.Issays Stamese ClubIssaya Siamese Club is intematoionally known Thai chef lan Kittichais first flagship Bangkok restaurant.Themenu in this beautiful colonial house includes traditional Thai cuisine combined with modern cooking methods.Bo.tanBo.tan has been making waves in Bangkoks culinary sence since it opened in 2009.Serving hard-to-findThai dishes in an elegant atmosphere,the restaurant is true to Thai cuisines roots,yet still manages to add a specialtwist.This place is good for a candlelit dinner or a work meeting with colleagues who appreciate fine food.Forthose extremely hungry theres a large set menu.GagganEarning first place on the lates“Asias 50 best restaurants”list,progressive Indian restaurant Gaggan is one ofthe most exciting venues(场所)to arrive in Bangkok in recent years.The best table in this two-story colonial Thaihome offers a window right into the kitchen,where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action.Culinarytheater at its best.1.What do Nahm and Issaya Siamese Club have in common?A.They adopt modern cooking methods.B.They have branches in London.C.They have top-class chefs.D.They are based in hotels.2.Which restaurant offers a large set menu?A.Gaggan.B.Bo.tan.C.Issaya Siamese Club.D.Nahm.3.What is special about Gaggan?A.It hires staff from India.B.It puts on a play every day.C.It serves hard-to-find local dishes.D.It shows the cooking process to guests.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了一些关于从哪里开始你的曼谷美食之旅的建议。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题 Nahm 下的段落中“Head Chef David Thompson,who received a Michelin star for hisLoodon-based Thai restaurant of the same name,opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.(主厨大卫汤普森(David Thompson)在伦敦的同名泰国餐厅获得了米其林一星，他于 2010 年在大都会酒店开设了这家分店)”以及小标题 Issays Stamese Club 下的段落中“Issaya Siamese Club is intematoionally know Thai cheflan Kittichais first flagship Bangkok restaurant.(Issaya Siamese Club 是国际知名的泰国厨师 lan Kittichai 的第一家曼谷旗舰餐厅)”可知，Nahm 和 Issaya Siamese Club 的共同之处是他们都有一流的厨师。故选 C 项。【2 题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题 Bo.tan 下的段落中“For those extremely hungry theres a large set menu.(对于那些极度饥饿的人来说，这里有一份很大的套餐)”可知，Bo.tan 提供大型套餐。故选 B 项。【3 题详解】细节理解题。根据小标题 Gaggan 下的段落中“The best table in this two-story colonial Thai home offers awindow right into the kitchen,where you can see chef Gaggan and his staff in action.(在这座两层殖民时期的泰国住宅中，最好的桌子有一扇通往厨房的窗户，在那里你可以看到 Gaggan 厨师和他的员工在工作)”可知，Gaggan 的特别之处是它向客人展示了烹饪过程。故选 D 项。BTerri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY(do-it-yourself).Skilled at putting up shelves and piecingtogether furniture,she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.From the age of six,Terri,now 26,accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays.Adays work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money.Shesays:“Im sure I wasnt much of a help to start with painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughoutthe house.It took weeks and is was backbreaking work,but I know he was proud of my skills.”Terri,who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth,South West London,says DIY also saves her fromlosing any deposit when a tenancy(租期)comes to an end.She adds:“Ive moved house many times and I alwayslike to personalise my room and put up pictures.So,its been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint aroom to avoid any charges when Ive moved out.”With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks,new research shows that morethan half of people are planning to make the most of the long,warm summer days to get jobs done.The averagespend per project will be around 823.Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home.Two fifthwish to increase the value of their house.Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby,the researchshows it is women now leading the charge.4.Which is closest in meaning to“a dab hand”in paragraph 1?A.An artist.B.Awinner.C.A specialist.D.Apioneer.5.Why did Terris grandfather give her 5 a day?A.For a birthday gift.B.As a treat for her work.C.To support her DIY projects.D.To encourage her to take up a hobby.6.How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented?A.By making it look like before.B.By furnishing it herself.C.By splitting the rent with a roommate.D.By cancelling the rental agreement.7.What trend in DIY does the research show?A.It is becoming more costly.B.It is getting more time-consuming.C.It is turning into a seasonal industry.D.It is gaining popularity among females.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了一位 DIY 高手 Terri Boltonis 的技能以及 DIY 项目可能会在女性群体中变成一种潮流趋势。【4 题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第一段画线短语下文“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture,shenever pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.(她擅长摆架子和拼接家具，从不付钱给别人做她自己能做的工作)”可推知，此处指 Terri Boltonis 是一位 DIY 高手。C 项“Aspecialist(一位专业人员)”最接近画线短语“a dab hand”的意思。故选 C。【5 题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“She credits these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd.From theage of six,Terri,now 26,accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays.Adays work was rewarded with 5 in pocket money.(她将这些技能归功于她已故的祖父兼建筑商 Derek Lloyd。从六岁起，现年 26 岁的 Terri就在学校放假期间陪 Derek 去上班。一天的工作得到了 5 英镑零花钱的奖励)”以及“It took weeks and is wasbackbreaking work,but I know he was proud of my skills.(这花了几个星期的时间，是一项艰苦的工作，但我知道他为我的技能感到骄傲)”可推知，Terri 的祖父每天给她 5 英镑是作为对她的工作的鼓励。故选 B。【6 题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“So,its been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoidany charges when Ive moved out.(所以，当我搬出去时，知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的)”可推知，Terri 是通过粉饰房间，让它看起来像以前一样，来避免被扣除租房的押金的。故选A。【7 题详解】细节理解题。通过文章最后一段“the research shows it is women now leading the charge(研究表明，现在是女性主导了这项运动)”可知，研究表明，DIY 将在女性中越来越受欢迎。故选 D。CI was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarders Sophies World.It was full of ideas thatwere new to me,so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.It spoke to me and brought me into aworld of philosophy(哲学).That love for philosophy lasted until I got to college.Nothing kills the love for philosophy faster than peoplewho think they understand Foucault,Baudrillard,or Confucius better than you and then try to explain them.Eric weiners The Socrates Express:In Search of Life Lessons from Dead Philosophers reawakened my lovefor philosophy.It is not an explanation,but an invitation to think and experience philosophy.Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each philosophers workin the context(背景)of one thing they can help us do better.The end result is a read in which we learn to wonderlike Socrates,see like Thoreau,listen like Schopenhauer,and have no regrets like Nietzsche.This,more than abook about undestanding philosophy,is a book abour learning to use philosophy to improve a life.He makes philosophical thought an appealing exercise that improves the quality of our experiences,and hedoes so with plenty of humor.Weiner enters into conversation with some of the most important philosophers inhistory,and he becomes part of that crowd in the process by decoding(解读)their messages and adding his owninterpretation.The Socrates Express is a fun,sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pullsthem in deeper thoughts on desire,loneliness,and aging.The invitation is clear:Weiner wants you to pick up acoffee or tea and sit down with this book.I encourage you to take his offer.Its worth your time,even if time issomething we dont have a lot of.8.Who opened the door to philosophy for the author?A.Foucault.B.Eric Weiner.C.Jostein Gaarder.D.Acollege teacher.9.Why does the author list great philosophers in paragraph 4?A.To compare Weiner with them.B.To give examples of great works.C.To praise their writing skills.D.To help readers understand Weiners book.10.What does the author like about The Socrates Express?A.Its views on history are well-presented.B.Its ideas can be applied to daily life.C.It includes comments from readers.D.It leaves an open ending.11.What does the author think of Weiners book?A.Objective and plain.B.Daring and ambitious.C.Serious and hard to follow.D.Humorous and straightforward.【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者在 13 岁时开始喜欢哲学，随后 Weiner 的书 The Socrates Express 唤起了作者对哲学的热爱。文章通过介绍了 The Socrates Express 这本书，倡导读者花时间去读这本书。【8 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“I was about 13 when an uncle gave me a copy of Jostein Gaarders Sophies World.Itwas full of ideas that were new to me,so I spent the summer with my head in and out of that book.It spoke to meand brought me into a world of philosophy(哲学).(我 13 岁的时候，一个叔叔给了我一本 Jostein Gaarder 的 Sophie 的世界。书里面的观点对我来说都很新奇，所以我整个夏天都在钻研那本书。它对我说话，把我带入一个哲学的世界。)”可知，Jostein Gaarder 为作者打开了通往哲学的大门。故选 C。【9 题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and thenframes each philosophers work in the context(背景)of one thing they can help us do better.The end result is aread in which we learn to wonder like Socrates,see like Thoreau,listen like Schopenhauer,and have no regrets likeNietzsche.(Weiner 在每一章的开头都描述了一个城市之间火车旅行的场景，然后将每一位哲学家的著作框定在一个他们能够帮助我们做得更好的事情上。最终的结果是，我们学会了像苏格拉底一样思考，像梭罗一样看，像叔本华一样听，像尼采一样没有遗憾。)”可知，作者在第四段开头描写了 Weiner 书的内容，接着作者通过列举了几位伟大的哲学家来描写读完这本书后我们能从中学到的东西，由此可推知，作者列举了几位伟大的哲学家是为了帮助读者理解 Weiners 的书。故选 D。【10 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“This,more than a book about undestanding philosophy,is a book abour learning touse philosophy to improve a life.(这不仅仅是一本关于理解哲学的书，更是一本关于学习运用哲学来改善生活的书。)”可知，作者喜欢 The Socrates Express 这本书，是因为它的思想可以应用到日常生活中。故选 B。【11 题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“He makes philosopical thought an appealing exercise that improves the qualityof our experiences,and he does so with plenty of humor.(他使哲学思想成为一种有吸引力的练习，可以提高我们经验的质量，而且他在做这件事的时候充满了幽默感。)”可知，Weiners 的书很幽默，根据最后一段中“TheSocrates Express is a fun,sharp book that draws readers in with its apparent simplicity and gradually pulls them indeeper thoughts on desire,loneliness,and aging.(The Socrates Express 是一本有趣而尖锐的书，它以其表面上的简单吸引着读者，并逐渐将他们拉进对欲望、孤独和衰老的深层思考中。)”可知，Weiners 的书简单易懂，由此可知，Weiners 的书既幽默又简单易懂。故选 D。DGrizzly bears,which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg,occupy a conflicted corner of theAmerican psyche-we revere(敬畏)them even as they give us frightening dreams.Ask the tourists from around theworld that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see,and their answer is often the same:agrizzly bear.“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,”says bear biologist Chris Servheen.Asgrizzly bears expand their range into places where they havent been seen in a century or more,theyre increasinglybeing sighted by humans.The western half of the U.S.was full of grizzlies when Europeans came,with a rough number of 50,000 ormore living alongside Native Americans.By the early 1970s,after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting bysettlers,600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies.In 1975,grizzlies were listed under the Endangered SpeciesAct.Today,there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S.Their recovery has been so successful that theU.S.Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to delist grizzlies,which would loosen legal protections andallow them to be hunted.Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.For now,grizzliesremain listed.Obviously,if precautions(预防)arent taken,grizzlies can become troublesome,sometimes killing farmanimals or walking through yards in search of food.If people remove food and attractants from their yards andcampsites,grizzlies will typically pass by without