【新课标新高考】二 《阅读理解说明类》__2022届高考英语考点剖析精创卷.pdf

【新课标新高考】专 题 二 阅读理解说明类专练一一2022届高考英语考点剖析精创专题卷考点0 1：主旨大意题考点0 2：细节理解题考点0 3：推理判断题考点0 4：词义猜测题、M ost paper rec eipts are not rec yc lab le.This is b ec au se they re printed on thermalpaper(热敏纸)，whic h c ontains a c hemic al c alled b isphenol A(BPA)or sometimes b isphenolS(BPS)that c annot b e easily removed from the paper d u ring the rec yc ling proc ess.Thermalpaper is shiny,soft paper that c omes ou t of newer c ash registers and d eb it mac hines.I fd ou b t,sc ratc h the paper:if you see a d ark line appear,it c ontains BPA or BPS.I t u sesheat from a printer head to make letters and nu mb ers appear:no ink is u sed.This proc essreq u ires the ad d ition of b pa or b ps in their/zfree form”,whic h means that the c hemic alsare not b ou nd to the paper.Ac c ord ing to Safer Chemic als,Healthy Families,The c hemic alsc an easily transfer to anything a rec eipt tou c hes you r hand,the money in you r wallet,or even the groc eries in you r shopping b ag.BPA and BPS are known hormone d isru ptors(干扰物)that c an affec t b rain d evelopmentheart and lu ng health.They c an b e transferred from fingers to the mou th via food,orab sorb ed d irec tly throu gh the skin when held.The Environmental Working Grou p reportedthat b isphenol A transfers from rec eipts to skin and c an enter the skin to su c h a d epththat it c an-not b e washed off.I f you have wet hand s,or u se hand washing liq u id with alc oholafter hand ling a rec eipt,the ab sorption happens even more rapid ly.I f thermal paper were to b e rec yc led,it wou ld d irty other prod u c ts in the rec yc lingstream with BPA or BPS.These prod u c ts are often tu rned into items su c h as fac ial tissu e,paper towels,or shopping b ags,and having BPA or BPS in them wou 1 d mean c oming into evenc loser c ontac t with the c hemic als.Bu rning and c omposting are not an option either,asthey wou ld release BPA and BPS into the atmosphere or soilThe only safe plac e to get rid of thermal paper rec eipts is in the trash,followedb y immed iate hand washing.I t，s not id eal,b u t it is the most effec tive way to separateBPA and BPS from the environment.The b est solu tion is to ask for rec eipts to b e emailed,rather than printed.Not only will you avoid c hemic al exposu re,b u t you will also d ec reased emand for a paper prod u c t that d rives extensive d eforestation every year.I t/s the zerowaste solu tion always refu se b efore you red u c e,reu se,rec yc le,and rot.1.Why d o thermal paper c ontain BPA or BPS?A.To b e rec yc led easily.B.To b e preserved c onveniently.C.To make paper feel smoother.1).To make the writing on paper appear.2.What d oes paragraph 3 mainly talk ab ou t?A.Why we c an avoid c hemic al exposu re.B.How the rec yc ling stream is c arried ou t.C.Why thermal paper fail to b e rec yc ledD.How d aily items are prod u c ed.3.Whic h is the b est way to separate BPA and BPS from the environment?A.Throwing them into trash d irec tly.B.Demand ing a plastic-c overed rec eiptC.Collec ting and waiting for them to rot slowly.D.Asking for d igital rec eipts instead of printed ones.4.I n whic h sec tion of a newspaper may this text appear?A.Entertainment B.Health.C.Ed u c ation D.Ec onomy.、Other c u ltu res c an b e d ifferent from ou rs in many aspec ts!They c an eat d ifferentfood s and live in d ifferent types of hou ses.People prob ab ly speak d ifferent langu agesand have b eliefs and c u stoms very d ifferent from you rs.However,they c an also b e similarin ways of c onnec ting with eac h other.We sometimes c all these means of c ommu nic ationu niversal langu ages.Some legend s hold that,thou sand s of years ago,there was a single langu age spokenby everyone on Earth.It is fun to think about a time when everyone may have been ableto communicate in the same language though historical evidence does not support this,ofcourse.Today,there are thousands of languages spoken around the world.Yet,there aresome means of communication that go beyond words and allow people of wildly differentbackgrounds to communicate and share emotions and feelings.For example,some peoplebelieve music is a universal language.There may be some scientific support for this idea,too.Experts have learnt that,across cultures,people can recognize three common emotionsin music:happiness,sadness and fear.So what other types of universal languages might there be?Some people believe danceis a universal language.Along with music,dancing seems to be a common interest sharedby people all over the world.Do you think you could see a dance from another culture andmake some reasonable guesses about the ideas and emotions behind it?W e bet you could!Another universal language that you might not have thought of is maths!If you thinkabout it now,though,it just makes sense.The value of pi is roughly 3.14159 no matterwhere you are on Earth.Likewise,figuring out the value of something involves the samemathematical calculations,regardless of whether youre counting in dollars,pesos orpounds.1.What does the underlined word this in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?A.The view that people only used one language.B.The fact that there used to be many languages.C.The evidence that proves old languages funny.D.The doubt that people didn,t understand each other.2.W hy is music regarded as a universal language?A.It can be enjoyed by people from all walks of life.B.It can be understood more easily than languages.C .It usually comes from different backgrounds.D.It helps people to share common feelings.3.What are the universal languages according to the passage?A.Maths,English and music.B.Music,dance and maths.C.History,c u ltu re and mu sic.D.Emotion,pi and mu sic.4.What c an b e a su itab le title for the text?A.Variou s Differenc es in Different Cu ltu resB.M u sic Helps People Show FeelingsC.Universal Langu ages Connec t Different Cu ltu resD.Cross-c u ltu ral Commu nic ation History三、Stu d ents from China c ame ou t on top in an international su rvey of ed u c ationalac hievement.Resu lts of the 20 1 8 Program for I nternational Stu d ent Assessment,orPI SA,were released Tu esd ay.The test is given every three years to 1 5-year-old s arou ndthe world.I t measu res their knowled ge in read ing,sc ienc e and mathematic s.The b est-performing stu d ents in all three su b jec ts were in China.They attendsc hools in and arou nd Beijing and Shanghai,and two provinc es J iangsu and Zhejiang.Singapore finished in fifth plac e in the stu d y.Overall,the test resu lts show Americ anstu d ents sc oring ab ove average in read ing and sc ienc e,b u t b elow average in math.Offic ials reported that ab ou t 60 0,0 0 0 stu d ents in 79 nations and ed u c ationalsystems took part in the two-hou r c ompu ter-b ased exam last year.They said sc hools in eac hc ou ntry are c hosen rand omly to make su re that stu d ents c ome from a wid e mix of b ac kgrou nd sand b ill.The average U.S.sc ores have not c hanged in a major way in any of the three su b jec tssinc e 20 1 5.The U.S.sc ores are mostly u nc hanged sinc e when the test was first given in20 0 0 for read ing and,in 20 0 3,for math.Americ an sc ienc e sc ores have risen sinc e 20 0 6.The U.S.resu lts showed that the highest performing stu d ents were d oing b etterthat this is something to think ab ou t,said Peggy Carr,the assoc iate c ommissioner forthe National Center for Ed u c ation Statistic s.She noted that the United States is c learlystru ggling in mathThe U.S.is b asic ally d oing what it s d one sinc e Pisa started,whic h is hangingarou nd the mid d le oi the grou p,he said.And reas is d irec tor for the OECD s d irec torate of ed u c ation and skills.He saidthere is hope for c ou ntries where there is not mu c h d ifferenc e in the performanc e ofstu d ents from wealthy and poor b ac kgrou nd s.Ed u c ation,he says,remains a way for poorc hild ren in some c ou ntries to b e su c c essfu l1.Whic h of the following is mentioned most?A.The resu lts of stu d ents in SingaporeB.The performanc e of Americ an stu d entC.Ed u c ation in less d eveloped c ou ntriesD.Changes of su rvey resu lts over the years2.What su b jec t d o Americ an stu d ents stu d y less well?A.History B.Sc ienc e C.Read ing D.M athematic s3.What d oes And reas think of ed u c ation?A.I t c hanges the fate of poor c hild ren.B.I t d oesn,t improve mu c h in the U.S.C.I t is d ifferent in ric h and poor c ou ntries.D.I t is eq u al in wealthy and poor b ac kgrou nd s4.What c an b e a su itab le title for the text?A.PI SA Ed u c ation Su rvey Promotes Ed u c ationB.Ed u c ation in Different Cou ntries Differs GreatlyC.Chinese Stu d ents Top Latest PI SA Ed u c ation Su rveyD.Americ an Stu d ents Progressed in PI SA Ed u c ation Su rvey四、The United Nations Ed u c ational,Sc ientific and Cu ltu ral Organization(UNESCO)inc lu d ed on Dec emb er 1 7,20 20 China，s Tai Chi on the Representative List of the I ntangib le(无形的)Cu ltu ral Heritage of Hu manity.The d ec ision was annou nc ed d u ring the onlinemeeting of the UNESCO I ntergovernmental Committee for the Safegu ard ing of the I ntangib leCu ltu ral Heritage held from Dec emb er 1 4 to 1 9 in K ingston,c apital of J amaic a.“Born in the mid-1 7th c entu ry in a small village named Chenjiagou loc ated in CentralChina s Henan provinc e,Tai Chi is not only a kind of trad itional Wu shu integrated withslow movements and d eep b reathing,b u t is also d eeply rooted in many areas of Chinesec u ltu re,su c h as med ic ine and philosophy,Zhu Xianghu a says,who is the son of the famou sTai Chi master Zhu Tianc ai.Althou gh it has spread to more than 1 50 c ou ntries and regions,attrac ting more than1 0 0 million people to prac tic e,the id ea that Tai Chi is for the eld erly has stopped manyyou ng people prac tic ing the anc ient Wu shu.They think of it as a slow exerc ise,whic h isspec ially mad e and b etter su ited for their grand parents.I nstead,many you ng people aretu rning to the I nd ian prac tic e of yoga（瑜伽）to relieve stress,whic h was plac ed on theUNESCO,s List in 20 1 9.I n ord er to promote Tai Chi,joint efforts have b een mad e from ind ivid u als and theChinese government in the last d ec ad es.Xi an J iaotong University req u ires stu d ents tolearn Tai Chi.Wang Yu nb ing,a professor in the u niversity，s sports c enter,stressed thatTai Chi is not only good physic al exerc ise-researc hers from the Americ an College ofRheu matology find that it c an help manage several d iseases-b u t is also c onnec ted toanc ient Chinese c ivilization.Sinc e 20 1 4,the World Tai Chi Championships have b een heldevery two years b y the I nternational Wu shu Fed eration.I t provid es a platform forc ommu nic ation and learning b etween the Tai Chi masters and Tai Chi lovers arou nd the glob e.I n J anu ary 20 20,Tai Chi b ec ame an offic ial event in the 20 26 Dakar You th Olympic Games.1.What d oes Zhu Xianghu a say ab ou t Tai Chi in paragraph 2?A.I t originated from fast K u ng Fu ac tion.B.I t was b orn arou nd the 1 750 s of a village.C.I t is related to other c u ltu ral field s of China.D.I t integrates Chinese med ic ine and western philosophy.2.Why d o some you ng people c hoose to prac tic e yoga instead of Tai Chi?A.They think it easier to prac tic e yoga to keep fit.B.The eld erly stop you ng people prac tic ing Tai Chi.C.They c onsid er Tai Chi is c u stom-b u ilt for old people.D.Yoga was inc lu d ed in the world c u ltu re earlier than Tai Chi.3.What is the main pu rpose of the last paragraph?A.To promote c ontemporary Chinese c ivilization.B.To show many efforts mad e to popu larize Tai Chi.C.To stress the importanc e of Chinese Tai Chi masters.D.To ad vise people to prac tise Tai Chi to c u re d iseases.4.Whic h of the following c an b e the b est title for the text?A.Tai Chi I s Competing against YogaB.Tai Chi Steps on the UNESCO s ListC.Tai Chi Has Regained Popu larity Glob allyD.Opinions Greatly Differ on Tai Chi and Yoga五、Some parents will b u y any high-tec h toy if they think it will help their c hild,b u tresearc hers said pu zzles help c hild ren with math-related skills.Psyc hologist Su san Levine,an expert on mathematic s d evelopment in you ng c hild ren atthe University of Chic ago,fou nd c hild ren who play with pu zzles b etween ages 2 and 4 laterd evelop b etter spatial skills.Pu zzle play was fou nd to b e a signific ant pred ic tor ofc ognition（认知）after c ontrolling for d ifferenc es in parents，inc ome,ed u c ation and theamou nt of parent talk,Levine said.The researc hers analyzed vid eo rec ord ings of 53 c hild-parent pairs d u ring everyd ayac tivities at home and fou nd c hiI d ren who play with pu zzles b etween 26 and 46 months ofage have b etter spatial skills when assessed at 54 months of age.“The c hild ren who played with pu zzles performed b etter than those who d id notion tasksthat assessed their ab ility to rotate（旋转）and translate shapes,z，Levine said in astatement.The parents were asked to interac t with their c hild ren as they normally wou ld,andab ou t half of the c hild ren in the stu d y played with pu zzles at one time.Higher-inc omeparents tend ed to have c hild ren play with pu zzles more freq u ently,and b oth b oys and girlswho played with pu zzles had b etter spatial skills.However,b oys tend ed to play with morec omplex pu zzles than girls,and the parents of b oys provid ed more spatial langu age andwere more ac tive d u ring pu zzle play than the parents of girls.The find ings were pu b lished in the jou rnal Development Sc ienc e.1.I n whic h aspec t d o c hild ren b enefit from pu zzle play?A.Bu ild ing c onfid enc e.B.Developing spatialskills.C.Learning self-c ontrol.D.Gaining high-tec h knowled ge.2.What d id Levine take into c onsid eration when d esigning her experiment?A.Parents,age.B.Child ren,s imagination.C.Parents*ed u c ation.D.Child-parentrelationship.3.How d o b oys d iffer from girls in pu zzle play?A.They play with pu zzles more often.B.They tend to talk less d u ring the game.C.They prefer to u se more spatial langu age.D.They are likely to playwith tou gher pu zzles.4.What is the text mainly ab ou t?A.A mathematic al method.B.A sc ientific stu d y.C.A woman psyc hologist.D.A teac hing program.八、Bee see,b ee d o.At least that/s the c onc lu sion of researc h pu b lished earlier thismonth in the jou rnal PLOS Biology,showing that b u mb leb ees learn to solve prob lems b ywatc hing eac h other.I n the first stu d y of its kind in insec ts,sc ientists c onstru c ted experiments thatc hallenged b ees to pu ll strings in ord er to ac c ess reward s of nec tar（花蜜）.The sc ientists hoped their stu d y wou ld throw light on a b igger pic tu re:how soc iallearning spread s throu gh a popu lation.I n the stu d y,Lars Chittka from Qu een M ary University of Lond on and his team mad eartific ial flowers and filled them with artific ial nec tar mad e of su gar water.They pu tthe flowers u nd er a c lear type of plastic and attac hed a string.Then they ad d ed b ees.While most of the insec ts faile