福建省福州市福州市八县一中联考2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题.docx

福建省福州市福州市八县一中联考2022-2023学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读理解Science Events from New ScientistSpace, Time and Motion with Sean CarrollOnline | October 20, 2023 | 18:00-19:00“Where, when and how?” are some of the most fundamental questions we can ask, and knowledge of space, time and motion has been central to the biggest discoveries in physics. Join Sean Carroll, an expert in physics, as he explores deep questions about the nature of space, time and motion, and lays out the framework of classical physics from Galileo and Euclid to Newton and Einstein.Big Thinkers Series 2023Online | November 10, 2023The 2023 Big Thinkers series from New Scientist events features eight online talks streamed throughout 2023, covering a wide range of topics all of which will be brought to you by world-class experts. If you are curious about your brain, your body, our planet or the universe, then this series is your place to hear the latest research.Memory, the Brain and Who We AreOnline | November 15, 2023 | 18:00-19:00Psychiatrist Veronica O'Keane will draw examples of the broken memories of psychosis （精神失常）to explain the complex human brain and offer you some expertise （专业矢口识）. How do our brains store and then conjure up （浮现）past experiences to make us who we are? Are there such things as "true" and "fhlse" memories? These examples will offer a new way of thinking about our own personal experiences.Instant Expert: Understanding Your BrainThe British Library, London | November 19, 2023At this event, six experts will guide you on a tour of the most attractive object in the known universe. On the way you'll learn how our brains learn languages, how they store memories and why they need to sleep. Hosted by a New Scientist journalist, our one-day masterclass offers the chance to learn all about the brain directly from the experts.on trust20 Sometimes ifs best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else. Honesty means that when you speak, you tell the truth without holding any information back. When you do that, you will feel more relaxed and enjoy stronger relationships.A. This will help you in every area of your life.B. But in daily life, honesty can be difficult.C. Is the gain from lying really worth the risk?D. We will get others' respect and appreciation if telling the truthOE. Being honest is a basic principle for us to deal with others.F. Honesty, however, doesn't mean you have to say everything in your mind.G. And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember.【答案】16. B 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. F【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了人们不要撒谎的原因，以及诚实的重要性。16. 根据后文“Lying often seems like a good way to impress people or avoid blame for mistakes.（撒谎似乎是给人们留下深刻印象或避免错误指责的好方法。户可知撒谎似乎是 给人留下深刻印象或避免犯错的好方法。由此可知，日常生活中要保持诚实是难的事情。 B选项“But in daily life, honesty can be difficult.（但在日常生活中，诚实可能很困难。）” 引起下文，强调在现实生活中，诚实不是很容易能够做到的，与下文的付出努力呼应。 故选Bo17. 根据前文“One obvious reason for honesty is that lies are difficult to maintain. There9s always a chance that the person you lied to will find out the truth.（诚实的一个明显原因是谎 言很难维持。你撒谎的人总是有可能发现真相。）”可知，此处强调的是撒谎始终会被人 发现，因此撒谎是有风险性的。C选项“Is the gain from lying really worth the risk?（撒谎获 得的好处真的值得冒险吗？户承接上文，强调这种益处值得冒险么？故选C。18. 根据前文“Lies are also difficult to hide because they are harder to remember than the truth. If you make up a story, you have to remember all the details.（谎言也彳艮难隐藏, 因为 它们比真相更难记住。如果你编造一个故事，你必须记住所有的细节。户可知，此处强 调谎言很难隐藏，编造一个故事，必须记住所有的细节，即撒谎越多就需要记住更多的 细节。G 选项“And the more lies you tell, the more stories you have to remember.（你说的谎 言越多，你必须记住的故事就越多。户承接上文，此处story与前文呼应。故选G。19. 根据前文“In contrast, if you always tell the truth, you will develop a reputation for honesty.（相比之下，如果你总是说实话，你就会建立诚实的声誉。广可知，此处强调说 实话的好处。A选项“This will help you in every area of your life .（这将在你生活的每个领 域帮助你。）”中的this指代的是前文的“说实话”，符合文意。故选A。20. 根据后文“Sometimes it's best to remain silent if your words might hurt someone else. （有时，如果你的话可能会伤害别人，最好保持沉默。广可知，此处强调有的时候要保持 沉默，即不说出自己想说的一切，因为这有可能对别人造成伤害。F选项“Honesty, however, doesn't mean you have to say everything in your mind.（然而，诚实并不意味着你 必须说出你脑海中的一切。广引起下文，即诚实并意味着要说出你想的一切，有的时候 要保持沉默，避免带来消极后果。故选F。三、完形填空When I was in fourth grade, I started stuttering （口吃）. I tried speech therapy （疗法）but it didn't 21, I begged to rid my stutter, but nothing changed. I was very 22.I tried to practice singing at home. To my amazement, the words came 23 when I sang. My stutter disappeared. After that, I 24 my school team and began learning how to play the guitar. By the summer I was 16, severe anxiety and depression set in. My stutter had become my entire identity, and I was too 25 to talk at all. I didn't tell anyone how I was 26.Last year, I started college, where I'm majoring in music production. When I saw the America's Got Talent audition announcement pop up on my computer, I 27, A couplemonths later, I was standing on that enormous stage in Pasadena, trying to 28 my nerves as I introduced myself to the America's Got Talent judges and 29, Then Ilaunched into a new song Fd written, 30 Back to Life. I tried to focus on the 31. And just as I'd said, there was no stutter at all.When I finished, the whole crowd was on its feet, and so were the judges. I couldn't 32 it! Judge Simon Cowell told me I had a pure and beautiful 33. He and the other judges gave me the four votes I needed to 34 to the next round of the competition. I couldn't hold back my tears. My wildest dreams were coming true, dreams I'd never thought 35.21. A. failB. workC.missD. grow22. A. confusedB. delightedC.amusedD. frightened23. A. suddenlyB. slightlyC. seriouslyD. smoothly24. A. fundedB , praisedC. joinedD. visited25. A. fascinatedB , alarmedC. cautiousD. dynamic26. A. feelingB resolvingC. chargingD. performing27. A. stood byB fled awayC. signed upD. showed off28. A. testB. directC. predictD. calm29. A. coachesB , passers-byC. journalistsD. audience30. A. fueledB . titledC , refreshedD. sustained31. A. musicB. viewC rewardD. appearance32. A. makeB ignoreC. BelieveD. prevent33. A. voiceB. figureC. imageD. instrument34. A. adaptB, advanceC argueD. reject35. A. significantB , typicalC. possibleD. creative【答案】21. B 22. A30. B 31. A23. D 24. C32. C 33. A25. B 26. A 27. C34. B 35. C28. D 29. D【导语】本文属于记叙文。“我”因为口吃曾经很自卑，但是通过唱歌找回了自我，参加 美国达人秀最终圆梦。21 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试过语言治疗，但不起作用。A. fail失败；B. work 起作用；C. miss错过；D. grow长大。根据前文“I tried speech therapy but.”判断,它没 有起作用(work)。故选B。22 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我很困惑。A. confused困惑的;B. delighted高兴的； C. amused 愉快的；D. frightened 害怕的。根据前文“I begged to rid my stutter, but nothing changed."判断，“我"很困惑(confused)。故选 A。23 .考查副词词义辨析。句意：让我吃惊的是，当我唱歌时.，语言很流畅。A. suddenly 突然；B. slightly 稍微；C. seriously 严肃地；D. smoothly 顺利地。根据前文“I tried speech therapy (疗法)but it didn't1丁可知,之前尝试了很多方法，但是没有奏效，“我”在家努力练习唱歌，竟然唱得很流畅(smoothly),所以“我”非常惊讶。故选D。24 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，我加入了学校的团队，开始学习如何弹吉他。A. funded 资助；B. praised 表扬；C. joined 参加；D. visited 参观。根据上文“My stutter disappeared判断，“我”在家练习唱歌时唱得很流畅，不再口吃，因此后来加入了(joined) 学校的声乐队。故选C。25 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的口吃成了我的全部身份，我非常担心说话。A. fascinated着迷的；B.alarmed担心的;惊慌的；C. cautious谨慎的;D. dynamic精力充 沛的。根据上文“My stutter had become my entire identity"判断，“我”因为口吃，非常 担心(alarmed)说话。故选B。26 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有告诉任何人我的感受。A. feeling感觉；B. resolving 决定；C. charging 要价；控诉；D. performing 表现。根据前文“My stutter had become my entire identity, and I was too to talk at all."判断,"我”因为 口 吃不敢说话，没有告诉任何人“我”的感受(feeling)。故选A。27 .考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我看到电脑上弹出的美国达人秀海选公告时，我 报名了。A. stood by 袖手旁观;B. fled away 逃离;C. signed up 报名；D. showed off 炫 耀。 根据下文“A couple months later, I was standing on that enormous stage in Pasadena,”判 断，当“我”在电脑上看到美国达人秀试镜公告时，“我”报名参加了(signed up)。故 选C。28 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：几个月后，我站在帕萨迪纳巨大的舞台上，向美国达 人秀的评委和观众介绍自己时，努力让自己的紧张情绪平静下来。A. test考验；B. direct 指导；C.predict预测；D.calm使镇静。根据前文内容可知，"我”容易结巴，结合常理， 站在一个巨大的舞台上，“我”会感到十分紧张，所以在做自我介绍时要使自己平静下来 (calm)o 故选 D。29 .考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. coaches教练；B.passers-by过路人；C. journalists t己者；D. audience 观众。根据前文“I was standing on that enormous stage in Pasadena”可 知，“我”站在一个巨大的舞台上，面对的是评委与观众(audience)。故选D。30 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我开始唱一首我写的新歌，名称为回到生活。A. fueled激起；给加燃料；B.titled加标题于；称为；C.refreshed使恢复;D. sustained 维持。根据前文“Then I launched into a new song I'd written”与 Back to Life判断， 歌曲的名字叫(titled)回归生活。故选B。31 .考查名词词义辨析。句意：我试着专注于音乐。就像我说的，根本没有口吃。A. music 音乐；B. view 看法；C. reward 报酬；D. appearance 夕卜表。根据前文“I launched into a new song rd written,Back to L诡.”判断，“我”尽力专注于音乐(music)。故选A。32 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信。A. make制作；B. ignore忽视；C. Believe 相信；D. prevent 阻止。根据上文“When I finished, the whole crowd was on its feet, and so were the judges.”判断，“我”的演唱非常成功，因此“我”简直不敢相信(believe)!故选C。 33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：西蒙考威尔法官告诉我，我有一副纯净而美丽的嗓音。 A. voice 声音；B. figure 数字；C. image 形象;D. instrument 器械。根据前文“Judge Simon Cowell told me”判断，“我”的演唱受到了人们的赞誉，西蒙科威尔评委告诉“我”我 有一个纯净而美丽的声音(voice)。故选A。34 .考查动词词义辨析。句意：他和其他评委给了我晋级下一轮比赛所需的四票。A. adapt 改编；B. advance发展；晋升；C.argue争论；D.reject拒绝考虑。根据前文“gave me the four votes"与"the next round of the competition”判断，投给了 "我''晋级(advance)下一轮比 赛所需的四张票。故选B。35 .考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我最疯狂的梦想正在实现，我从未想过的梦想。A. significant重要的；B.typical典型的；C.possible可能的;D. creative有创造性的。根据 前文“My wildest dreams were coming true.”判断，这是"我"从未想过有可能(possible)成 真的梦想。故选C。四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。As a young man full of both passion and endurance, Perce Blackborow had long been dreaming of decent adventure, so he didn't give up when Sir Ernest Shackleton turned down his request to join the expedition. Perce 36 (secret) hid himself in a cupboard, only 37(find) three days after they set off. He felt fortunate and happy when he was assigned as a steward instead of being sent back home.The journey was 38 (hard) than expected. The ship got 39 (stick) in the ice as they approached Antarctica and they had to abandon the ship. 40 the guidance of Sir Ernest, they 41 (throw) away nearly everything except necessities and a banjo, 42 kept their spirits up during the journey. They camped on the ice but with spring 43 (come), the ice began to melt. Ernest left for South Georgia Island in order to find help. It was the genuine 44 (encourage) and concern from Bless Frank Wild that cheered Berce up. Realizing that he shouldn't become selfish just because of 45 adversity they were faced with, Berce learned to be optimistic and determined.【答案】36 . secretly 37. to be found 38. harder 39. stuck 40. Under 41. threw42. which 43. coming 44. encouragement 45. the【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了主人公PerceBlackhorow经历的一次冒险之旅。 36.考查副词。句意：Perce秘密地藏在一个柜子里，结果在他们出发三天后被发现。 分析句子可知，空处修饰动词hid,应用副词secretly“秘密地”。故填secretly。37 .考查非谓语动词。句意：Perce秘密地藏在一个柜子里，结果在他们出发三天后被 发现only +动词不定式”常表示意料之外的结果，此处应用动词不定式，作结果状语， 动词find与逻辑主语Perce之间为动宾关系，应用不定式的被动式“to be done”。故填to be found o38 .考查比较级。句意：这段旅程比预期的要艰难。根据后文than可知应用形容词hard 的比较级形式。故填harder。39 .考查非谓语动词。句意：当他们接近南极洲时，船陷在了冰里，他们不得不弃船。 stick和逻辑主语The ship之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词，表示被动，get stuck“被卡 住，被困住“。故填stuck。40 .考查介词。句意：在Ernest先生的指导下，他们几乎扔掉了所有的东西，除了必需 品和一把班卓琴，它使他们在旅途中精神振奋。根据句意可知，此处指“在的指导 下”，应用固定短语under the guidance of,句首单词首字母大写。故填Under。41 .考查动词时态。句意：在Ernest先生的指导下，他们几乎扔掉了所有的东西，除了 必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他们在旅途中精神振奋。根据句意和从句谓语动词“kept”可 知，句中讲述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。故填threw。42 .考查定语从句。句意：在Ernest先生的指导下，他们几乎扔掉了所有的东西，除了 必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他们在旅途中精神振奋。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限 制性定语从句，先行词为banjo,指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导从 句。故填which。43 .考查非谓语动词。句意：他们在冰上扎营，但随着春天的到来，冰开始融化。此处 为with的复合结构,且spring与come构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填coming。44 .考查名词。句意：正是来自Bless Frank Wild的真诚鼓励和关心使他振作起来。分 析句子可知，句子为强调句，强调主语，空处应填名词和concern并列，在句中作主语， ecouragement“鼓励"，为不可数名词。故填encouragemento45 .考查定冠词。句意：意识到他不应该因为他们所面临的逆境而变得自私，他学会了 乐观和坚定。分析句子可知，they were faced with为定语从句，修饰名词adversity,此 处特指“他们所面临的逆境“，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。五、其他应用文46 .假定你是李华，校英语学习俱乐部负责人。你们邀请到了 Smith教授在线作主题为“How to Write and Enjoy Poems”专题讲座。请你在讲座前作简要发言，内容包括：1 .表示感谢；2 .相关介绍；3 对听众的要求。注意：1 .词数80左右;2 .请在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear fellow students,That's all, thank you.【答案 1 Dear fellow students,We feel honored, and wish to express our heartfelt appreciation to Professor Smith for his graciously agreeing to give us this online lecture on "How to Write and Enjoy Poems”. So lefs show our warm welcome!Prof. Smith is a well-known poet, and he will illustrate the connotations of poems in structure, imagery, and rhyme by sharing his own poems. Thus, it is a great opportunity to improve our writing procedures and skills and I am sure it will be of significant benefit to us all.I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as requested. You may also take notes if necessary. There will be a five-minute question-and-answer session following the lecture, which will allow you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.Thafs all, thank you.【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生在Smith教授的主题为“How to Write and Enjoy Poems”的专题讲座前作简要发言，内容包括：1.表示感谢；2.相关介绍；3.对听众 的要求。【详解】1 .词汇积累表达：express一convey因此：thus一hence机会：opportunity一chance确定的：sure>certain2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句： We feel honored, and wish to express our heartfelt appreciation to Professor Smith for his graciously agreeing to give us this online lecture on "How to Write and Enjoy Poems”. 拓展句： We feel honored, and wish to express our heartfelt appreciation to Professor Smith fbr his graciously agreeing to give us this online lecture whose theme is “How to Write and Enjoy Poems”.【点睛 1 高分句型 1 I hope all in attendance will participate positively and follow his instructions as requested.（运用了 that 引导的宾语从句，省略了 that）高分句型 2 There will be a five-minute question-and-answer session following the lecture, which will allow you an opportunity to ask questions and actively participate in the discussion.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）六、读后续写47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。The young boy saw me, or rather, he saw the car and quickly ran up to me, eager to sell his bunches of bananas and bags of peanuts. Though he appeared to be about twelve, he seemed to have already known the bitterness of life/cBanana 300 naira. Peanuts 200 naira.9,He said in a low voice. T bargained （与讨彳介还价）him down to 200 total for the fruit and nuts. When he agreed, I handed him a 500 naira bill. He didn't have change. So I told him not to worry. He said thanks and smiled a row of perfect teeth.When, two weeks later, I saw the boy again, I was more aware of my position in a society where it's not that uncommon to see a little boy who should be in school standing on the corner selling fruit in the burning sun. My parents had raised me to be aware of the advantage we had been afforded and the responsibility it brought to us.I pulled over and rolled down my window. He had a bunch of bananas and a bag of peanuts ready. I waved them away." What*s up?”I asked him.“I . I don*t have money to buy books for school.'reached into my pocket and handed him two fresh 500 naira bills/'Will this help?'，asked. He looked around nervously before taking the money. One thousand naira was a lot of money to someone whose family probably mad