2020年7月大学英语六级考试真题试卷.docx

2020 年 7 月大学英语六级考试真题试卷Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the sayingThe best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today. You shouldwrite at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part Listening Comprehension(25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of eachconversation ,you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question , you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) She is a great athlete.B)She is a famed speaker.C) She is a famous scientist.D) She is a noted inventor.2. A) How knowledge of human biochemistry has been evolving.B) How nutrition helps athletes' performance in competitions.C) How scientific training enables athletes to set new records.D) How technology has helped athletes to scale new heights.3. A) Our physical structures.B) Our scientific knowledge.C) Our biochemical process.D) Our concept of nutrition.4. A) It may increase the expenses of sports competitions.B ) It may lead to athletes' over reliance on equipment.C)It may give an unfair advantage to some athletes.D)It may change the nature of sports competitions.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) Experience.B) Flexibility.C) Family background.D) Business connections.6. A) Buying directly from factories.B) Shipping goods in bulk by sea.C) Having partners in many parts of the world.D) Using the same container back and forth. 7. A) Warehouses.B) Factories.C) Investors.D) Retailers.8. A) Trendy style.B) Unique design.C) Lower import duties.D) Lower shipping costs.Section BDirections ：In this section , you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage ,you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question , youmust choose the best answer from the four choices marked A ) , B) , C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) It helps employees to reduce their stress.B) It prevents employees from feeling bored.C) It strengthens harmony among employees.D) It helps employees to view things positively.10. A) Weekends are conducive to reducing stress.B) Humor is vital to interpersonal relationships.C) All workers experience some emotional stress.D) Humor can help workers excel at routine tasks.11. A) Smash the toys to release their bottled-up resentments.B) Take the boss doll apart as long as they reassemble it.C) Design and install stress-reducing gadgets.D) Strike at the boss doll as hard as they like.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) The recent finding of a changed gene in obese mice.B) A breakthrough in understanding gene modification.C) A newly discovered way for people to lose weight.D) The self-repairing ability of a gene in obese mice.13. A) It renders an organism unable to fight diseases.B) It prevents the mice's fatty tissues from growing.C) It helps organisms adapt to environmental changes.D) It renders mice unable to sense when to stop eating.14. A) Human beings have more obesity genes than most mice do.B) Half of a person's total weight variation can be controlled.C) People are born with a tendency to have a certain weight.D) The function of the obesity genes is yet to be explored.15. A) The worsening of natural environment. B) The abundant provision of rich foods.C) The accelerated pace of present-day life.D) The adverse impact of the food industry.Section CDirections: In this section , you will hear three recordings of lectures or talksfollowed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played onlyonce. After you hear a question , you must choose the best answer fromthe four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) Similarity in interests.B) Mental stimulation.C) Openness.D) Compassion.17. A) The willingness to offer timely help.B) The joy found in each other" s company.C) Personal bonds.D) Emotional factors.18. A) Failure to keep a promise.B) Lack of frankness.C) Feelings of betrayal.D) Loss of contact.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Along the low-lying Colorado River.B) At the Dinosaur National Monument.C) Along the border of the U. S. and Canada.D) At museums of natural history in large cities.20. A) Volcanic explosions could bring whole animal species to extinction.B) Some natural disaster killed a whole herd of dinosaurs in the area.C) The pit should be carefully preserved for the study of dinosaurs.D) The whole region must have been struck by a devastating flood.21. A) They floated down an eastward flowing river.B) They lay buried deep in the sand for millions of years.C) They were skeletons of dinosaurs inhabiting the locality.D) They were remains of dinosaurs killed in a volcanic explosion.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) Indulging in seeking leisure and material comfort.B) Attaching too much importance to independence.C) Failing to care for parents in the traditional way.D) Leaving their parents on the verge of starvation. 23. A)They have great difficulty living by themselves.B) They have little hope of getting any family care.C) They have fond memories of their good old days.D) They have a sense of independence and autonomy.24. A) People in many parts of the world preferred small-size families.B) There have been extended families in most parts of the world.C) Many elderly people were unwilling to take care of their grandchildren.D) So many young Americans refused to live together with their parents.25. A) Leave their younger generations alone.B) Avoid being a burden to their children.C) Stay healthy by engaging in joyful activities.D) View things from their children" s perspective.Part Section AReading Comprehension(40 minutes)Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required toselect one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bankfollowing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before makingyour choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Pleasemark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The United Nations issued a report last week warning that humans are destroyingnature at such a rate that life on Earth is at risk. When the report came out, it naturally26headlines. But obviously it didnt hijack the news agenda in the manner of amajor terrorist attack or 27 of war.The report from the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversityand Ecosystem Services (IPBES ) is clear on what's at 28 and what needs tochange. IPBES chair Robert Watson says the “29evidence” an presents“ominous (凶兆的) picture” . “The health of ecosystems on which we and all otherspecies depend is 30 more rapidly than ever, ” Robert Watson said. We are 31the very foundations of our economies , live-lihoods ,food security , health and qualityof life worldwide. '' The report says it"s not too late if we make" transformativechange” 一 fundamental, system-wide reorganization at every level from localto global , and we need to focus on how to make that happen.First , don't indulge in despair , because despair leads to inertia and doingnothing means certain 32 . Every action to save nature will improve our collectiveand personal futures and the only way to respond to a threat of this scale is with 33action rooted in headstrong optimism- Second , we need relentless focus , just likewhen paramedics ( 救护人员 ) arrive on a scene and use the concept of triage(伤员鉴别分类)"to ensure the most 34 cases get treated first. Saving the natural worldneeds that kind of thinking. We don't have the 35 to do everything at once . We need to make hard choices.A ) capacityB ) declarationC ) deterioratingD ) determinedE ) disasterF ) erodingG) grabbedH ) inventoryI ) junctionJ ) monotonousK) overwhelmingL) stagnationM) stakeN) stifledO) urgentSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is markedwith a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet 2.Children Understand Far More About Other Minds Than Long BelievedA Until a few decades ago, scholars believed that young children know verylittle, if anything , about what others are thinking. Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget ,who is credited with founding the scientific study of children" s thinking , wasconvinced that preschool children cannot consider what goes on in the minds of others.The interviews and experiments he conducted with kids in the middle of the 20thcentury suggested that they were trapped in their subjective viewpoints, incapable ofimagining what others think, feel or believe.B Much of the subsequent research on early childhood thinking was highlyinfluenced by Piagets ideas. Scholars sought to refine his theory and empiricallyconfirm his views. But it became increasingly clear that Piaget seemed to havegravely underestimated the intellectual powers of very young kids before they canmake themselves understood by speech. Researchers began to devise ever moreingenious ways of figuring out what goes on in the minds of babies ,and the resultingpicture of their abilities shows subtle variations. Consequently , the old view ofchildrens egocentric ( 自 我 中 心 的 ) nature and intellectual weaknesses hasincreasingly fallen out of favor and become replaced by a more generous position thatsees a budding sense not only of the physical world but also of other minds even inthe youngest young. ” C Historically , children didn't receive much respect for their mental powers-Piaget not only believed that children were “egocentric” in the sense that they wereunable to differentiate between their own viewpoint and that of others ; he was alsoconvinced that their thinking was characterized by systematic errors and confusions.When playing with others , they don't cooperate because they do not realize there aredifferent roles and perspectives . He was convinced that children literally cannot gettheir act together" : instead of playing cooperatively and truly together , they play sideby side, with little regard for others. And when speaking with others , a young childsupposedly cannot consider the listener's viewpoint but" talks to himself withoutlistening to others.''D Piaget and his followers maintained that children go through something likea dark age of intellectual development before slowly and gradually becomingenlightened by reason and rationality as they reach school age. Alongside thisenlightenment develops an ever growing understanding of other persons , includingtheir attitudes and views of the world.E Today , a very different picture of children's mental development emerges.Psychologists continually reveal new insights into the depth of young children'sknowledge of the world , including their understanding of other minds. Recent studiessuggest that even infants are sensitive to others' perspectives and beliefs.F Part of the motivation to revise some of Piagets conclusions stemmed froman ideological shift about the origin of human knowledge that occurred in the secondhalf of the 20th century. It became increasingly unpopular to assume that a basicunderstanding of the world can be built entirely from experience. This was in partprompted by theorist Noam Chomsky, who argued that something as complex as therules of grammar cannot be picked up from exposure to speech , but is supplied by aninborn language faculty. "Others followed suit and defined further core areas" inwhich knowledge allegedly cannot be pieced together from experience but must bepossessed at birth. One such area is our knowledge of others' minds. Some even arguethat a basic knowledge of others' minds is not only possessed by human infants , butmust be cvolutionarily old and hence shared by our nearest living relatives , the greatapes.G To prove that infants know more in this realm than had been acknowledged,researchers needed to come up with innovative ways of showing it. A big part of whywe now recognize so much more of kids" intellectual capacities is the development ofmuch more sensitive research tools than Piaget had at his disposal.H Instead of engaging babies in dialog or having them execute complex motortasks , the newer methods capitalize on behaviors that have a firm place in infants'natural behavior repertoire: looking , listening , sucking , making facial expressions ,gestures and simple manual actions. The idea of focusing on these “small behaviors”is that they give kids the chance to demonstrate their knowledge implicitly andspontaneously without having to respond to questions or instructions. For example ,children might look longer at an event that they did not expect to happen , or theymight show facial expressions indicating that they have sympathetic concern forothers. When researchers measure these less demanding , and often involuntary , behaviors, they can detect a sensitivity to others' mental states at a much younger agethan with the more taxing methods that Piaget and his followers deployed.I In the 1980s , these kinds of implicit measures became customary indevelopmental psychology. But it took a while longer before these tools wereemployed to measure children's grasp of the mental lives of others.J In a set of experiments , my colleagues at the University of SouthernCalifornia and I found evidence that babies can even anticipate how others will feelwhen their expectations are disappoint