2018年6月英语四级真题答案解析（卷一）.docx

2018 年 6 月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解（第 1 套）Part IWriting审题思路：这个话题贴近学生学习，比较容易入手。通过审题可知，文章需要着重从两个方面展开，分别为阅读能力的重要性以及如何提高阅读能力。其中，如何提高阅读能力应该分层次重点阐述。另外，文章结尾需要总结全文，进一步强调方法的重要性。范文点评：高分范文精彩点评The Importance of Reading Ability and How to Develop It开门见山，提出阅读的重要性。As the most frequently used way to get access to original materials, 用 which 引导的定语从句具体阐述阅读reading has always been considered one of the most important parts of 的重要作用。language learning, which can facilitate expansion of lexical items, 承上启下，指出阅读技能应该受到重视。enhancement of grammar, and accumulation of social and cultural 引出下文：提高阅读能力有几点建议。awareness. This also explains the reason why reading skills should be 分别用First of all、Secondly、Last buthighly emphasized.not least 具体阐述提高阅读能力的三点建In order to improve your reading ability, there are some tips to 议。follow. First of all, scan the material before you begin reading. Whatever 用 Above all 总结全文，进一步阐述阅读the purpose of your reading is, take a few minutes to look the piece over, 有很大益处，并强调学习者应该提高阅读and check and see how the work is structured and presented. Secondly, 技能。try not to reach for the dictionary when you come across a word you dontknow. Instead, try to guess the meaning of the word based on the context. 加分两点Last but not least, write a few sentences to summarize what youve read frequently 频繁地since it is a way of checking if you have completely understood. enhancement 提高，改进Above all, reading has great benefits that can help you learn the cultural awareness 文化意识language faster and more thoroughly. Every language learner can try the context 上下文，语境above methods to develop their reading skills.summarize 总结全文翻译：阅读能力的重要性以及如何提高阅读能力作为获取原始材料最常使用的方式，阅读一直被认为是语言学习中最重要的部分之一。它能够促进词汇的拓展、语法的提高以及社会和文化意识的积累。这也正好解释了为什么应该高度重视阅读技能。为了提高你的阅读能力，以下有几点建议。首先，在开始阅读之前先快速浏览材料。不管你的阅读目的是什么，用几分钟来整体把握文章的结构和呈现方式。其次，当遇到不认识的词汇时先不要急于查词典。相反，试着根据语境猜测词义。最后同样重要的是，写一些句子来总结你读过的内容，因为这也是检验你是否完全读懂的一个方法。总之，阅读有很大益处，可以帮助你更快、更全面地学习语言。每一个语言学习者都可以按照上面提到的方法来提高自己的阅读技能。Part IIListening ComprehensionSection ANews Report One（1）A message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1,500 milesaway and has been returned to his daughter. The long-lost message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while hewas vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half buried in the sand that “looked like it had been there since thebeginning of time.”The note inside the bottle said, “Return to 419 Ocean Street and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce,owners of the Beachcomber Motel.”The motel was owned by the parents of Paula Pierce in 1960. Her father had written the notes as a joke and had thrown it into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver that message to Pola Pierce. (2)She held up to herfathers promise, giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in a bottle finding its way back home.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.未听先知：预览两道题个选项，由 return、bottled message 和 history 等词可以初步判断，该新闻与归还漂流瓶里的便条有关。第 1 题各选项均为概括性比较强的名词短语，可能考查新闻的主旨；第 2 题各选项的主语均为 She，结合 wanted to、asked by her father to do so 可推测，此题考查女士做某事的原因。1. What is the news report mainly about?答案：A详解：新闻开篇指出，新罕布什尔州的一位先生把一个装有便条的瓶子扔到海里，五十年后被人在 1,500 英里外的海滩捡到并归还给这位先生的女儿。由此可知，新闻的主要内容是漂流瓶中的便条归还主人女儿，答案为 A。2.Why did Paula Pierce give Clint Buffington the reward?答案：B详解：新闻中提到，Buffington 飞往新罕布什尔州，将便条给了 Paula Pierce. Paula Pierce 遵守父亲的承诺，给予Buffington 便条中所说的 150 美元的奖励。由此可知，Paula Pierce 给 Buffington 奖励就是为了遵守父亲当年的承诺，答案为 B。News Report TwoMillions of bees have died in South Carolina during aerial insect spraying operations that were carried out to combatthe Zika virus. （3）The insects spraying over the weekend left more than 2 million bees dead on the spot in DorchesterCounty, South Carolina, where four travel-related cases of Zika disease have been confirmed in the area. (4)Most of thedeaths came from Flower Town Bee farm, a company in Somerville that sells bees and honey products. Juanita Stanley whoowns the company said the farm “looks like it's been destroyed.” The farm lost about 2.5 million bees. Dorchester Countyofficials apologized for the accidental mass killing of bees. Dorchester County is aware that some beekeepers in the areathat was sprayed on Sunday lost their bee colonies. County manager Jason Ward said in a statement. “Im not pleased thatso many bees were killed.”Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.未听先知：预览两道题各选项，由选项中反复出现的 bees、disease、lost 等词可推测，新闻内容与蜜蜂的遭遇有关。3.Why were spraying operations carried out in Dorchester County?答案：B详解：新闻开头提到，在进行针对寨卡病毒的空中昆虫喷洒操作期间，南卡罗来纳州多彻斯特县 200 多万只蜜蜂因此死亡，该地区已确认了四例寨卡病毒病，由此可知，空中喷洒的原因是该地区已经确认了多例寨卡病毒，答案为 B。4.What does the news report say about Flowertown Bee Farm?答案：C详解：新闻中提到，大部分死亡的蜜蜂来自一个叫作 Flowertown 的养蜂场，死亡蜜蜂约 250 万只。因此答案为 C。News Report ThreeThe worlds largest aircraft has taken to the skies for the first time. (5)The Air lander 10 spent nearly two hours in theair, having taken off from Coddington Airfield in Bedfordshire. During its flight, it reached 3,000 feet and performed aseries of gentle turns all over a safe area. The aircraft is massiveas long as a football field and as tall as six double deckerbuses and capable of flying for up to five days. (6)It was first developed for the US government as a long-range spy aircraft,but was abandoned following budget cutbacks. (7)The aircraft cost 25 million pounds and can carry heavier loads than hugejet planes while also producing less noise and emitting less pollution. The makers believe its the future of aircraft and oneday well be using them to go places. But theres still a long way to go. The Air lander will need to have 200 hours flyingtime before being allowed to fly by the aviation administration. If it passes though, we can hope well all get some extralegroom.Questions 5 and 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.未听先知：预览三道题各选项，由 stayed in the air、took off、landed 和 aviation technology 等词可以推测，新闻内容与飞机有关。第 5 题各选项主语均为 It，结合新闻主题可知，It 指飞机，听音时留意对飞机的描述；结合第 6 题和 第 7 题各选项语义可推测，两题分别考查该飞机的问题和优点，听音时应注意捕捉。5.What do we learn about the first flight of the Airlander 10?答案：A详解：新闻开头指出，世界上最大的飞机 Airalnder 10 第一次升空。该飞机在英国贝德福德郡的科丁顿机场起飞，飞行了将近两个小时。因此答案为 A。6. What cause the US government to abandon the Airlander 10 as a spy aircraft?答案：C详解：新闻中提到，Airlander 10 最初是作为远程间谍飞机位美国政府开发的，但（政府）预算削减后就被放弃了。由此可知，美国政府放弃 Airlander 10 的原因是资金不足，答案为 C。7. What is the advantage of the Airlander 10 over huge jet planes?答案：D详解：新闻中提到，Airlander 10 耗资 2,500 万英镑，比大型喷气飞机载重大，然而它的噪音却更小，污染也更少。由此可知，Airlander 10 为更加环保型的飞机，答案为 D。Section BConversation OneM: Do you feel like going out tonight？W:Yeah，why not? We havent been out for ages, Whats on?M: Well, theres a film about climate change. Does it sound good to you?W: Oh, not really. It doesnt really appeal to me. Whats it about? Just climate change?M: I think its about how climate change affects everyday life. I wonder how they make it entertaining.W: Well, (8)it sounds really awful. Its an important subject, I agree, but Im not in the mood for anything depressing. Whatelse is on?M：Theres a Spanish Dance Festival.W: Oh, I love dance. That sounds really interesting.M: Apparently, its absolutely brilliant. Lets see what it says in the paper. “Anna Gomez leads in an exciting production ofthe great Spanish love story, Garmen.”W: Ok, then. What time is it on?M: At 7:30.W: Well, thats no good. (9)We havent got enough time to get there. Is there anything else?M:Theres a comedy special on.W: Wheres it on?M: Its at the City Theater. Its a charity comedy night with lots of different acts. It looks pretty good. (10)The critic in thelocal the paper says its the funniest thing hes ever seen. It says here “Roger Whitehead is an amazing host to a night offun performances.”W: Mm Im not keen on him. Hes not very funny.M: Are you sure your fancy going out tonight? You are not very enthusiastic.W: Perhaps you are right. (11)Okay, lets go to see the dance. But tomorrow, not tonight.M: Great, Ill book the tickets online.Questions 8 and 11 are based on the news report you have just heard.未听先知：预览四道题各选项，由 daily life、dancing、theatre、amusing show、comedy 和 tickets 等词可以推测，对话为日常生活类，内容可能涉及各种娱乐活动。8. What does the woman think of climate chande?答案：A详解：对话开头，男士说有一场关于气候变化的电影，问女士要不要去看，女士说气候变化是个重要的话题，但是她没有心情看令人沮丧的内容，即女士认为气候变化是一个令人沮丧的话题，答案为 A。9. Why do the speakers give up going to the Spanish Dance Festival tonight?答案：D详解：对话中女士表示不喜欢有关气候变化的电影，继而追问是否还有其他娱乐项目，当男士告知女士 7 点半有西班牙舞蹈节表演的时候，女士表示没有足够的时间赶到那里。因此答案为 D。 10.What does the critic say about the comedy performed at the City Theatre?答案：C详解：对话中，男士告知女士剧院今晚喜剧特别节目，评论员在当地报纸上说这是他看过的最滑稽的表演。因此答案为 C。11.What does the woman decide to do tomorrow?答案：B详解：对话末尾，女士说出自己的决定：明天晚上去看舞蹈表演。因此答案为 B。Conversation TwoW: Good morning, Mr. Lee, May I have a minutes of your time?M: Sure, Catherine, What can I do for you?W: (12)Im quiet anxious about transferring over to our college, Im afraid I wont fit in.M: don't worry, Catherine. Its completely normal for you to be nervous about transferring schools. This happens to manytransfer students.W: Yes, I know, but Im younger than most students in my year. And that worries me a lot.M: (13)Well, you may be the only younger one in your year, but, you know, we have a lot of after-school activities you canjoin in. And so, this way, you will be able to meet new friends of different age groups.W: Thats nice. I love games and hobby groups.M: Im sure you do. So youll be just fine. Dont worry so much and try to make the most of what we have on offer here.Also, (14)remember that you can come to me anytime of the day if you need help.W: Thanks so much. I definitely feel better now. As a matter of fact, Ive already contacted one of the girls whod be livingin the same house with me, and she seemed really nice. I guess living on campus, Ill have a chance to have a closecircle of friends, since well be living together.M: All students are very friendly with new arrivals. Let me check who would be living with you in your flat. Okay, there areHannah, Kelly, and Bree. (15)Bree is also a new student here, like you. Im sure you two will have more to share with eachother.Questions 12 and 15 are based on the news report you have just heard.未听先知：预览四道题各选项，由反复出现的 transfer 和 transfer student 可推测，对话内容与转学有关。结合第 12题各选项语义可推测，女士为转校生，该题考查女士的情况，听音时应留意对话开头语女士相关的描述；第 13 题和第 14 题各选项均为动词短语结构，结合语义可推测，13 题考查女士将要做什么，14 题考查男士为女士做某事，听音时要留意捕捉相关信息；第 15 题各选项主语均为 She，且均为现在完成时，因此考查 She 已经完成的行为动作。12. Why does Catherine feel anxious?答案：D详解：对话中，男士询问女士能帮她做些什么，女士表示她担心自己作为转校生会不合群。因此答案为 D。3.What does Mr. Lee encourage Catherine to do?1答案：C详解：女士非常担心自己年龄小不能适应新学校的生活。男士说她可以参加学校的各种课外活动，这样就能认识不同年龄段的朋友。由此可知，男士鼓励女士参加课外活动，故答案为 C。14. Whan does Mr. Lee promise to do for Catherine?答案：A详解：对话中，男士建议女士参加课外活动，并安慰女士不要太担心，尽量充分利用学校提供的一切，并告诉女士如果需哟啊帮助可以随时找他。因此答案为 A。15.What do we learn about Catherines schoolmate Bree?答案：D详解：对话末尾，男士指出，Bree 和女士一样，也是新来的学生。因此答案为 D。Section CPassage OneHave you ever felt like you would do just about anything to satisfy your hunger? A new study in mice may help toexplain why hunger can feel like such a powerful motivating force. （16）In the study, researchers found that hungeroutweighed other physical drives, including fear, thirst and social needs. To determine which feeling won out, the researchers did a series of experiments. In one experiment, the mice were both hungry and thirsty. When given the choice ofeither eating food or drinking water, the mice went for the food, the researchers found. However, when the mice werewell-fed but thirsty, they opted to drink, according to the study. In the second experiment meant to pit the mices hungeragainst their fear, hungry mice were placed in a cage that had certain “fox-scented” areas and other places that smelled safer(in other words, not like an animal that could eat them) but also had food. (17)It turned out that, when the mice were hungry,they ventured into the unsafe areas for food. But when the mice were well-fed, they stayed in areas of the cage that wereconsidered “safe.” Hunger also outweighed the mices social needs, the researchers found. (18)Mice are usually socialanimals and prefer to be in the company of other mice, according to the study. When the mice were hungry, they opted toleave the company of other mice to go get food.Questions 16 and 18 are based on the news report you have just heard.未听先知：预览三道题各选项，由 investigate 和反复出现的 mice 可推测，短文内容与拿老鼠做实验有关。第 16 题各选项均为不定式结构，考查实验的目的；第 17 题各选项均为表示时间的句子，考查老鼠做某事的时间；第 18 题各选项都是描述喜好的句子，考查老鼠的习性。16. What is the researchers pirpose in carrying out the series of experiments with mice?答案：B详解：短文中提到，对老鼠的一项新研究解释了为什么饥饿是强大的动力源泉，饥饿战胜了其他身体本能的需求，包括恐惧、口渴和社交需求。为了确定哪种感觉的影响更胜一筹，研究人员做了一系列的实验。因此答案为 B。17. In what circumstances, do mice venture into unsafe areas?答案：A详解：短文中提到，在第二个实验中研究者把老鼠的饥饿与恐惧作对照研究，结果表明，当老鼠饿了的时候，它们会冒险进入不安全的地方寻找食物。因此答案为 A。18. What is said about mice at the end of the passage?答案：C详解：短文末尾提到，老鼠通常是群居动物，喜欢成群结伴。因此答案为 C。Passage Two（19）The United States has one of the best highway systems in the world. Interstate highways connect just aboutevery large and mid-sized city in the country. Did you ever wonder why such a complete system of excellent roads exists?For an answer，you would have to go back to the early 1920s. (20)In those years, just after World War I, the military wantedto build an American highway system for national defense. Such a system could, if necessary, move troops quickly from onearea to another. It could also get people out of cities in danger of being bombed. So-called roads of national importancewere designated, but they were mostly small country roads. In 1944, Congress passed a bill to upgrade the system, but didnot fund the plan right away. In the 1950s, the plan began to become a reality. Over $25 billion was appropriated byCongress, and construction began on about 40,000 miles of new roads. The idea was to connect the new system to existingexpressways and freeways. And, though the system was built mostly to make car travel easier, defense was not forgotten.For instance, highway overpasses had to be high enough to allow trailers carrying military missiles to pass under them.(21)By 1974, this system was mostly completed. A few additional roads would come later. Quick and easy travel betweenall parts of the country was now possible.Questions 19 and 21 are based on the news report you have just heard.未听先知：预览三道题各选项，由选项中的 construction、transport、transporation、higher speed 等词可推测，短文内容与建造道路有关。第 19 题考查某道路的建造情况或者影响；第 20 题均为不定式结构，考查道路建造