2021-2022学年江苏地区高一（下）期中英语试卷（附答案详解）.pdf

202L2022学年江苏地区高一（下）期中英语试卷一、选词填空-句子(本大题共10小题，共 15.0分)1.It stands on a huge rock,like a great cl i f f (tower)over the city.2.Dinosaurs have completely died out on the E a r t h,n e v e r (see)again.3.Chinas image is improving steadily,with more c o u n t r i e s (recognize)its role ininternational affairs.4.The helicopter makes the remote desert ar ea(access)to everyone.5.(addict)to computer games,he found it hard to concentrate on his study.6.An electric wheelchair has given her g r e a t e r (mobile).7.There are ever more people on the Earth who want to have better lives,rather than merelystruggle for(survive).8.The microwave oven was d a ma g e d(accident),and we needed to buy a new one.9.It was the mos t (destroy)storm in 30 years.10.I greatly appreciate your (help)me out.二、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共 37.5分)AFour remarkable inventions For more than half a century,the Consumer Electronics Show(CES)has been the place for companies and inventors to display their newest and coolestgadgets.Here are our picks for some of the most interesting and creative inventions.The Sweet Little Rolling RobotSamsung has invented Bailie,a tennis-sized robot that can follow you around the house,answeryour questions,and entertain your pets.Since it*s equipped with a camera,it can keep an eye onyour home while youre away.Ifs like a smart assistant that goes wherever you do,rolling intoyour bedroom to ring your wake-up alarm,rolling to the kitchen to turn on the toaster and givingyou the weather report as you brush your teeth.The Insoles to Pick Up Your PactAny runner knows the right shoes are key to your speed.But Nurvv insoles promise more thanmere cushioning.The insoles transmit data to a coaching app,which offers information on yourtechnique and performance.lt measures your foot strike and assesses your injury risk.The appthen generates personalized workouts to set targets and help you beat your best speeds.Halfmarathon,here you come!The No-Studio-Needed Yoga ClassCant keep up your commitment to a yoga studio membership?The Yoganotch personal yogaassistant lets you drop into a virtual class any time you want.Follow along with a set serieswhile 3-D sensors tell you whether you need to straighten your legs a bit more.The idea is thatit improves your form while reducing the risk of injury.The Dau-Enhanced GrillWhile working by sight,smell and feel,a chef may appreciate Webers new Smart GrillingHub.It can monitor your pork and turkey while an app gives advice about cooking techniqueand safe temperatures.11.What can the Sweet Little Rolling Robot do?A.Feed your pets.B.Play tennis with you.C.Assist you to do your housework.D.Take you wherever you want.12.Which of the following is suitable for a runner?A.Bailie.B.Nurvv.C.Yoganotch.D.Smart Grilling Hub.13.What do we know about the Webers invention?A.It uses virtual reality.B.It makes meals for you.C.It is convenient for cooking.D.It helps you do well in your yoga exercises.BKevin Beard is my class instructor.Most weeks,Fd greet Kevin as he set up gloves,mats andother equipment.So I was shocked when I arrived one day to find him standing in front of theroom telling a story,with tears rolling down his cheeks.I was worried something had goneterribly wrong in his life,but as I listened to him talk,I heard him use words like“amazing”adachievement.!realized his tears werent out of sorrow,but happiness.Just a few daysearlier,hed received his GED(General Equivalency Diploma),at the age of 52.第2 页，共 23页Having dyslexia（阅读障碍）,Kevin left school at a young age and then managed to supporthimself by taking odd jobs.In his mid-30s,Kevin finally landed an opportunity for a job withsome promise：working for a sheriffs department（治安部门）.Amazingly,when he came cleanwith them about his education,they said iheyd employ（雇佣）him as long as he got hisGED.He agreed,hopeful of his new career potential,and kind of excited about giving schoolanother chance.Kevin studied with a teacher,and he did it for more than a decade,learning and practising andcorrecting his mistakes,every free moment he had,often late into the night.lt was a hugechallenge,something Kevin compares to climbing a mountain.In fact,as Kevin took testsalong the way,he did something interesting with each of his results.He posted them on hisbedroom wall so that he could watch his progress.I needed to see myself moving forward,andI wanted to peak,he said.Finally,he made it.I cant really describe what its like to finally achieve this,he said.I canhardly even put it into words.People are giving me graduation gifts!Its a dream come true.This might sound like a perfect ending.But for Kevin,its a new beginning.Hes on a roll,and hisnext step is college.HNow that Ive got my GED,I am hungry for education,M he said.14.Why did Kevin cry in the classroom?A.He was worried about his future.B.He had reached one of his goals.C.He was moved by a touching story.D.He had experienced something terrible.15.What was the response of the sheriffs department when they learned of Kevins education?A.They gave a part-time job to him.B.They checked if he was suitable for the job.C.They refused him directly.D.They gave him hope.16.How did Kevin encourage himself to keep going to get his GED?A.By taking time to do things that interest him.B.By reporting his test results to his teacher.C.By writing himself encouraging words.D.By reminding himself of his progress.17.What can we learn from Kevins story?A.Where there is a will,there is a way.B.The early bird catches the worm.C.Practice makes perfect.D.Grasp allJose all.cAfter years of heated debate,gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone NationalPark.Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park.By last year,theYellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of thecontinental United States,but they were gradually by human development.By the 1920s,wolveshad practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area.They went farther north into the deepforests of Canada,where there were fewer humans around.The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results.Deer and elkpopulations major food sources for the wolf-grew rapidly.These animals ate largeamounts of vegetation（植被）,which reduced plant diversity in the park.Due to thedisappearance of wolves,coyote populations also grew quickly.The coyotes killed a a largepercent of the parks red foxes,and completely drove away the parks beavers.As early as 1966,biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves toYellowstone Park.They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyoteproblems.Many farmers were against the plan because they feared that wolves would kill theirfarm animals or pets.The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves.TheU.S.Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs inYellowstone.Today,the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in atYellowstone.Elk,deer,and coyote populations are down,while beavers and red foxes have madea comeback.The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologistsdecide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.18.What is the text mainly about?A.Wildlife research in the United States.B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.第4页，共23页C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.19.What does the underlined word displaced in Para 2 mean?A.Tested.B.Researched.C.Forced out.D.Tracked down.20.What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about?A.Damage to local ecology.B.A decrease in the parks income.C.Protection of vegetation.D.An increase in the variety of animals.21.What is the authors attitude toward the Yellowstone wolf project?A.Doubtful.B.Positive.C.Negative.D.Uncaring.DBehavioral ecologist Diane Colombelli-Negrel was wiring the nests of superb fairy-wrens（细尾鹦莺）to record the birds1 sounds when she noticed something strange.Mothers sang whilehatching（孵化）their eggs,even though keeping quiet would avoid attracting predators（捕食者）.That early discovery was a bit of an accident,says Colombelli-Negrel,of FlindersUniversity in Adelaide,Australia.lt made her wonder：Could the baby birds be learningsounds,or even songs,before hatching?Scientists have long thought about how early in development individuals learn to perceive（识别）distinct sounds.Ifs known that humans learn to recognize their mothers voice from thewomb（子宫）.For birds such as superb fairy-wrens,which perfect their songs with parentalteaching,it was thought that sound perception began after hatching.But when it became clearthat mother birds were intentionally singing to their eggs.We knew we were on to something,says Sonia Kleindorfer,a bird ecologist at the University of Vienna.Colombelli-Negrel,Kleindorfer and a colleague reported in 2014 that superb fairy-wrens learnto tell the differences between sounds of their own species and others while still in their eggs.Ina new study,that ability appears to extend（延 彳 申）to at least four more bird species.In birds and humans,a drop in the embryonic（用:月 台的）heart rate suggests attention to astimulus（刺激）.In the scientists earlier work,unhatched fairy-wrens heart rates slowed inresponse to repeated sounds of their own species,but not others.To investigate whether this phenomenon（现象）is more widespread among birds,the team alsoturned its attention to the embryonic heartbeats of other bird species.The team measured theheart rates of 109 unhatched chicks before,during and after exposure to playbacks of songsfrom their own species or others.Then the scientists looked at whether 1.38 embryos stoppedpaying attention or became habituated to,repeated sounds of unfamiliar individuals of theirown species singing.This habituation measured by the heart rate returning to normal,wouldimply learning had occurred.To the teams surprises all of the eggs showed a slowed heart rate in response to their speciessounds and showed habituation.That finding suggests that these unhatched birds learned toperceive the sounds of their species songs.The scientists dont know why some bird species,whose calls are genetically determined,nottaught by teachers have this ability before birth.The team hopes to study prenatal（产前的）sound perception in more bird species.22.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To share a story.B.To describe a programme.C.To present a topic.D.To make a prediction.23.Why is human perception of their mothers voice mentioned in Paragraph 2?A.To tell the real time when birds start to recognize the world.B.To prove that human beings are the most advanced species.C.To stress the difference between human beings and birds.D.To show that birds perceive voices later than humans.24.How did the researchers carry out their study?A.By referring to earlier studies.B.By observing and measuring.C.By discussing and analyzing.D.By studying the similar examples.25.Whats the best title for the text?A.The best place to learn bird callsB.The kind of call birds make to each otherC.Birds*heart rates increase when pressed with threatsD.Birds learn the call of the wild while still in their eggs三、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）第6页，共23页Theres something classy(奢华的)about having a piano in your home.lt seems a sense ofluxury(奢侈)to have one in your house.Depending on the piano you have,you need to followsome maintenance(保 养)practices to make sure your piano stays in the best shape for thelongest time possible.(1)Place the piano at a low-traffic spot.If you want your piano to serve you a lifetime,do place it ina place where ifll be less influenced by human traffic.(2)If you instead place your piano neardoors,people coming in opening and shutting the door might once or twice hit the sides of thepiano,damaging it slowly.Place the piano away from the window.There is a clear reason why this is advised.(3)Indeedyou may be able to wipe off the dust on the surfaces,but can you imagine what gets into theinaccessible parts?The dust finding its way to the inside may start causing issues inside.Clean your hands before using it.Just imagine walking out on business and immediatelyjumping in to start your music lesson.(4)If you have to use the piano,you should wash yourhands with soap and water.You dont want your piano to be the source of infection(传 染),do you?(5)It can prevent food and drinks falling onto your piano and then causing damage.Whatsmore,it can save you from having to wipe dust and the dirt off.A.Get your piano a housing cover.B.Keep it away from food and drinks.C.That is dust coming through the window.D.Avoid any spot with things hanging or placed on top of the piano.E.A1I the bacteria you have picked up end up on the piano keys,right!F.That is to say they are better off at home comers or the centre of a big hall.G.The following pieces will highlight how to properly take care of your piano.E26.A.AEB.Bc.cD.DE.F.FG.G27.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.EF.FG.G28.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.F.FG.G29.A.AEF.FB.BG.Gc.cD.DE.30.A.AEF.FB.BG.Gc.cD.DE.四、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共 15.0分)One night in 2004,I was at a Barnes&Nobel bookstore.I met a woman who I found wasreally(31)my favourite author.We talked for about 45 minutes.I didn,t(32)my money issuethough I was pretty(33)because of a temporary(暂时的)(34)challenge；rather I justenjoyed(35)a moment with someone who was on the“same page.We said bye,and I took a book over to the seating area.Ten minutes later,the(36)came back witha$100 bill and said,I think you need this.I was somewhat tongue-tied with a flood of(37),but I managed to thank her sincerely.Nothing like that had ever(38)to me before.One year later,!watched a movie called Pay It Forward,which brought back the(39)of thewoman inn the bookstore,and the thought of giving now(40),and I began helping otherswhenever I had a(n)(41).A week ago at our local clothing shopj(42)a saleswoman had a migraine(偏头疼)but shewouldnt be off her shift(轮班)for another couple of hours.I went out and bought somemedicine for her.The woman seemed(43)that I would do such a thing.I told her if it helped,dosomething(44)for somebody else.Every dollar counts(45)what really counts is the wonderful feeling of giving.31.A.sure ofB.satisfied withC.interested inD.used to32.A.wony aboutB.mentionC.wipe outD.check33.A.confidentB.surprisedC.anxiousD.excited34.A.technicalB.physicalC.politicalD.financial35.A.comparingB.presentingC.offeringD.sharing36.A.saleswomanB.womanC.shopkeeperD.author37.A.informationB.problemsC.supportD.emotions38.A.appealedB.matteredC.happenedD.failed39.A.evidenceB.memoryC.intentionD.attitude第 8 页，共 23页40.A.caught my eyeC.made my dayB.stuck in my mindD.got in my hair41.A.methodB.personC.challengeD.chance42.A.learnedB.believedC.imaginedD.informed43.A.excitedB.amazedC.concernedD.worried44.A.uniqueB.differentC.freeD.nice45.A.asB.butC.forD.or五、语法填空(本大题共1 小题，共 15.0分)46.Every family member has a role to play.Parents and other adults are responsible formaking sure that the basic nee