2021-2022学年陕西省黄陵高考英语一模试卷含解析.pdf
2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2 .答题时请按要求用笔。3,请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第 一 部 分（共2 0小题，每小题1.5分，满分3 0分）1.The younger generation are raised in a more open environment,which has enabled them to develop their valuesin life.A.in charge of B.in contrast to C.in exchange for D.in tune with2.All of us have the desire to visit the three main temples in Athens,especially that contains a gold and ivorystatue of Athena.A.the one B.one C.the ones D.those3.Hard work,along with dedicated revolutionary spirit is the fundamental guarantee of success,which is weshould learn from the pioneers participating in the Long March.A.that B.whatC.where D.how4.These diagrams are especially helpful when vve have a concrete problem at hand.A.be solved B.to solve C.solved D.being solved5.Owing to The Chinese Poetry Competitiony publications on classical Chinese literature are a significantshare of storage space at the bookstore.A.taking up B.dividing up C.breaking up D.putting up6.There is a wide of reference books to be found,so you look for some material needed,you can turnto me.A.kind;the last time B.sort;every timeC.variety;next time D.type;the moment7.back in his chair,the man began to tell us his adventures in the forests.A.Sit B.Sitting C.To sit D.Sat8.The expert points out the phenomenon that cream goes bad faster than butter its structure rather than itschemical composition.A.lives up to B.gets down toC.comes down to D.stands up to9.A survey suggests that the royal wedding of Prince William and Kate Middleton a great boost for Britisheconomy because a large number of visitors are expected to go.A.will be B.has been C.was D.be10.We completed one third of the project,and the loan in place,we had to delay the rest till the next month.A.not arranged B.was not arrangedC.not arranging D.had not been arranged11.Do you have a minute?Pve got something to tell you.-Ok,y o u make it short.A.now that B.if only C.so long as D.every time12.The kitchen is often the busiest room in a household,so its important to make sure it well.A.smoothes B.functions C.pays D.measures13.We are committed to creating a world free from the homeless and the hopeless,a world each and everycorner is a true paradise.A.that B.whichC.of which D.from where14.We arranged to meet at the cinema at 7:30,but Jack failed to.A.break up B.set upC.turn up D.give up15.Around this po i nt,which is humorous and full of a strong local flavor.A.the story develops B.does the story developC.develops the story D.the story developed16.Could you please cut the price a little?-Er.y o u buy more than ten.A.even if B.so long as C.in case D.as soon as17.You never really understand a person you consider things from his point of view.A.if B.onceC.as D.until18.My father insisted that every minute made full use of the work well.A.be,to do B.has been,doingC.be,doing D.has been,to do19.Nancy,what classes are you taking this term?一 I want to take two English courses,or maybe Spanish.A.Whafs up?B.Ifs none of your business.C.Fve no idea.D.rm not sure yet.20.Yesterday is history,tomorrow is a mystery,only today is a gift,and that is we call it present.A.how B.whenC.why D.where第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21.（6 分）Against the supposition that forest fires in Alaska,Canada and Siberia warm the climate,scientistshave discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warmthe climate in northern regions.Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade.Scientistspredict that with climate warming,fires may occur more frequently over next several centuries as a result of a longerfire season.Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming,while heat mirrored back into space tends to causecooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate.Earlier studies by otherscientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burningtrees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat.Scientists found that right after the fire,large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and causedwarming.Ozone（臭氧）levels increased,and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice,darkening the surface and causingmore radiation from the sun to be taken in.The following spring,however,the land within the area of the fire wasbrighter than before the fire,because fewer trees covered the ground.Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight backinto space,leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.95 Scientiststracked the change in amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire,and found ameasurement closely related to the global air temperature.Typically,fire in northern regions occurs in the same areaevery 80 to 150 years.Scientists,however,found that when fire occurs more frequently,more radiation is lost from theearth and cooling results.Specifically,they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicated,0.5 watts persquare meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases,but 0.9 watts per square meter will besent back into space.The net effect is cooling.Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost fromthe earth.1、According to the new findings,taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may.A.result in a warming climateB.cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyC.lead to a longer fire seasonD.protect the forests and the environment there2、The following are all the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEP T.A.large amounts of greenhouse gases enter the atmosphereB.the levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseC.snow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceD.ashes from the fire fall on the ice surface and take in more radiation from the sun3、Earlier studies about northern forest fi res.A.analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateB.indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmosphereC.suggest that people should take measures to protect the environmentD.suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming4、The underlined phrase“soak up”in the last paragraph most probably me ans.A.released B.absorbedC.created D.distributed5、From the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in Alaska,Canada and Siberia may.A.warm the climate as the supposition goesB.allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climateC.destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iceD.help to gain more energy rather than release more energy22.（8 分）At the age of seven,while his friends were spending their allowances on things like candy and toys,Jose Adolfo Quisocola was busy saving money for basic purchases.To try to get his peers（同 龄 人）to do the same,the boy from Peru came up with the idea of an eco-bank,the BartselanaStudent Bank,which allows kids of all ages to become financially independent while also helping the environment.Set up in 2012,the bank is the worlds first bank for kids.To become a member,a kid has to bring in at least 5kilograms of solid waste and set a savings goal.Once accepted,all bank partners“are required to deposit at least oneadditional kilogram of recyclables on a monthly basis and observe other requirements,such as attendingfinancial education and environmental management workshops.The waste accumulated is sold to local recycling companies,who,thanks to Joses efforts,pay ahigher-than-market rate for everything brought in by the bank members.The money received is placed in the personalaccount where they collect until the savings goal is reached.The account holder can then withdraw the money,orchoose to leave it and continue to grow for a bigger target.At the beginning,my teachers thought I was crazy or that achild could not undertake this type of project,”Jose recalls,uThey did not understand that we are not the future of thecountry but its present.Luckily,I had the support of the school headmaster and an assistant in my class.”The boys efforts paid off,and by 2013,the bank had over 200 members,who brought in one ton of recyclablewaste.Today,the eco-bank,which now has the support of several local institutions,boasts ten educational centers.They are designed to teach the over 3,000 students,aged 10 to 18,to become financially independent,use their moneywisely,and help the environment.Not surprisingly,Joses efforts have earned him several national and international awards.On November 20,2018,Jose won Childrens Climate Prize,which comes with a medal and$5,500 in prize money and is given to a child oryouth who has accomplished an extraordinary achievement for the climate or environment.1、Why did Jose set up the bank?A.To raise money and set up a recycling company.B.To buy necessities and donate them to needy kids.C.To save much money and protect the environmentD.To educate the students and help them win prizes.2、How can a kid be admitted to the eco-bank?A.By donating to the eco-bank.B.By turning in one kilogram of waste in a month.C.By sending in an application.D.By presenting a goal and a certain amount of waste.3、How did the teachers feel about Joses program?A.Doubtful.C.Moved.4、What is paragraph 4 mainly about?A.How the environment is improved.C.How tons of waste has been recycled.23.（8 分）Best Science Books of 2017B.Excited.D.Worried.B.What the project has achieved.D.What support the local institutions get.At its heart,science is about curiosity.So it stands to reason these books about science should make you examineyour world more closely,and in doing so,give you a sense of wonder.Big Chicken,by Maryn McKennaInvestigative journalist Maryn McKenna uses the modern industrial chicken as a window into how antibiotics（抗生素）transformed modern agriculturefor good and ill.She traces how animal antibiotics endanger humanhealth,causing serious problems from antibiotic resistant stomach infections to UTIs.Recognizing that Americans aregoing to continue to eat chicken no matter what,McKenna suggests a way in which factory farming rids itself of itsdependence on antibiotics.Why Time Flies,by Alan BurdickNew Yorker staff writer Alan Burdick examines the greatest gift humanity has ever known:time.Time,he writes,appears to exist in two distinct forms.One is the standardized,objective kind found in clocks and watches;theother is our internal,biological sense of time,the one we measure in our cells,bodies and minds.But the closer he looks,the less clearer this distinction appears.Paleoart,by Zoe LescazeDinosaurs have long captured the imaginations of scientists and artists alike,and Paleoart brings those visionstogether in a blend of human knowledge and creativity.These images not only show our changing understanding of dinosaurs,but also reflect the distinct artisticsensibilities of their time.Both artistic and educational,these pictures are certainly influential.What Its Like to Be a Dog,by Gregory BernsBerns,a neuroscientists,trained dogs to sit in a machine in order to look into the brains of conscious dogs for thefirst time.That pioneering work inspired him to dig deeper into the minds of other animals,from sea lions to the extinctthylacine（袋狼）.Berns says,“With their ability to think,choose and feel,dogs and other animals do not deserve thecruel treatment humans so often do to them.”1、Which book has something to do with public health?A.Big Chicken.B.Why Time Flies,C.Paleoart.D.What It 勺 Like to Be a Dog.2、Who writes about time?A.Maryn Mckenna.B.Alan Burdick.C.Zoe Lescaze.D.Gregory Berns.3、What was Berns9 pioneering work?A.Training dogs.B.Studying extinct animals.C.Observing dog brains.D.Fighting for animal rights.24.（8 分）The Queen has had to say goodbye to one of her longtime companions,her beloved pet corgi Holly,whohas sadly passed away aged 13.The corgi will probably be familiar to royal fans who would recognize her from the 2012London Olympics opening video.The dog was suffering from old age and was put down at Balmoral after suffering from an illness,leaving HerMajesty three surviving pet dogs,Willow and two corgi-dachshund crosses,Vulcan and Candy.According to a spokesperson for Buckingham palace,the Queen was deeply upset by Hollys passing and shedoesnt like seeing her dogs suffer Holly had attained a very good age.She gets more unsettled if they suffer and sheknows that putting a dog down is often the kindest solution.She was devoted to Holly and wherever the Queen was,thedog was never far behind.Holly was included in one of the portraits for the Queens 90th birthday,along with her other three pet dogs.Although the Queen usually has several pet corgis,it was recently revealed that she is keen not to breed（繁殖）any moreof the dogs.Monty Roberts,a horse trainer who has previously given advice to Queen,told the Daily Mail 66Shewouldn leave any young dogs behind if she died.She wanted to put an end to it.Her Majesty had previously namedone of her dogs after her friend,but the dog died in 2012.Dogs love for less time than human beings and we know weregoing to lose thembut they are part of the Queens family.Shell be quite upset.”1、What does the author mean by putting a dog down”in Paragraph 3?A.Helping a dog to survive.B.Letting a dog go.C.Writing down the story of a dog.D.Killing a dog without causing any pain.We may learn from the text that.A.the pet corgi Candy once appeared in London Olympics opening video.B.the Queen felt upset for the passing away of her beloved pet dog.C.the Queen has decided to reproduce another young pet corgiD.there are altogether three dogs mentioned in the text.3、The text is most probably taken f rom.A.a newspaper B.a film reviewC.a biography D.a documentar25.（10 分）BillieHarries was an American fighter pilot who fought to liberate France from the Nazis.He wasshot down and killed in July of 1944 over Nazi-occupied northern France.Due to a series of miscommunications,thatinformation never got back to his wife Peggy.As far as she knew,Bill was just missing.She waited,she said,“AH of mylife：9Peggy might never have known the true story if a relative hadnt looked into his military records a few years ago.She finally got her local congressman（议员）to reopen his case in 2011.She was shocked to learn that in the town of LesVentes,the main road is actually called Place Billie D.Harris.Its the same road townspeople have been marching downthree times a year for decades to honor his sacrifice.Billie was able to maintain control of the plane,despite hiscondition,and avoid the village,91-year-old Guy Surleau,the only witness still living,said.He got choked up justmentioning BilPs name.At first the town buried Billie in their local graveya
