高二英语人教版选择性必修二课前导学Unit 5 First Aid Learning about Language—2023-2024学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册课前导学.docx

Unit 5 First Aid Learning about Language2023-2024学年高二英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册课前导学一、 课前预习动词-ing形式的用法1. 作主语Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。注意：通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语。It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。2. 作宾语Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。注意：后面须接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词（词组）：避免 错过 少延期 avoid miss put off/postpone 建议 完成 多练习 suggest finish practice喜欢 想象 禁不住 enjoy imagine can't help承认 否定 不喜欢 admit deny dislike逃避 冒险 莫原谅 escape risk excuse忍受 保持 不介意stand keep mind3. 作表语Their job is cleaning the window.他们的工作是擦窗户。4. 作定语（1）动词-ing形式可以单独作定语。a smiling face笑脸a leading figure领导人物（2）当-ing分词短语作后置定语时，可以转换为定语从句。She went on board the train leaving for Beijing.=She went on board the train which was leaving for Beijing.她坐上了去北京的列车。5. 作宾语补足语I found the parade quite interesting to watch.我觉得观看游行很有趣6. 作状语-ing分词作状语表示在进行一个动作的同时所进行的另一个动作，它对谓语动词起修饰和陪衬的作用。-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随情况。Having cleaned the rooms we began to weed the garden.（时间）打扫完房间，我们开始在花园里除草。Having no interest in the topic, he didn't go to the lecture.（原因）由于对这个话题没有兴趣，他没去听讲座。It will take you half an hour to get to the station，allowing for traffic delays.（条件）如果把路上的耽搁算进去，你要花半小时才能到车站。Granting the achievements to be great，there is still something to be desired.（让步）（尽管）认可成就是伟大的，（但）仍有一些要改进的地方。My car was caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.（结果）我的车遇到了交通堵塞，因此延误了。Travelling by train，we visited a number of cities.（方式）我们坐火车游览了很多城市。Mary sat by the window of the classroom，reading a book.（伴随）玛丽坐在教室的窗户旁，正在读一本书。动词-ing形式用法的注意事项1. 形式变化主动被动一般式doingbeing done完成式having donehaving been doneThe question being discussed is very important.正在被讨论的那个问题十分重要。Having been praised by the teacher，he studies even harder.被老师表扬之后，他学习更加努力了。注意：动词-ing形式的否定式是在前面加not。Not having studied his lessons very hard，he failed his test由于没有努力学习功课，他没有通过考试。2. 动词-ing形式前面有时可加名词所有格、物主代词或人称代词宾格。Sophia's having seen them did not surprise us.索菲娅看见他们并不使我们感到惊奇。I hope you don't mind my saying that.我希望你不介意我那么说。He said nothing about us losing the game.他对我们输掉比赛只字未提。3. 动词-ing形式用作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语保持一致。Turning to the right, you'll find the post office there.向右转，你会发现邮局在那里。4. 由before，after，when，while，since等引导的状语从句常常可以转换为对应的动词-ing短语。When he got out of the bathtub, he slipped and fell on the floor.When getting out of the bathtub, he slipped and fell on the floor.当他从浴缸里出来时，他滑倒在了地板上。After she had been bitten by mosquitoes, she applied some medicine to her skin.After having been bitten by mosquitoes, she applied some medicine to her skin.被蚊子叮咬后，她在皮肤上涂了一些药。A minute ago, she fell down while she was trying to open the window. A minute ago, she fell down while trying to open the window.一分钟前，她在试图打开窗户时摔倒了。5. 动词-ing形式作定语置于名词前时有两种情况。一种表示被修饰的名词正在进行的状态或动作，如：a swimming girl（正在游泳的女孩），另一种表示被修饰的名词的性能、用途，如：a swimming pool（游泳池）。二、自我检测1.First of all, _(become) aware of what causes your worry will help to reduce the stress.2._(understand) your own needs and styles of communication is as important as learning to convey your affection and emotions.3.The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ (stand) in one corner.4.He suddenly woke up at midnight when he heard someone _(knock) at the door.5.There is a meeting room in our school _ (hold) more than 1,000 people.6.The last things he saw were the fearful face of the soldier and the cigar _ (slip) out of his fingers.7.I dream of standing on the platform in the classroom and _ (give) lessons to lovely children.8._ (tell) many times how to do it, he still couldn't understand, so I had to do it myself.9.I caught Ann _ (read) my diary when I came into the dormitory last night.10.Swimming pools require plenty of care and maintenance in order to keep them _ (function) properly.答案及解析1.答案：becoming解析：句意：首先，弄清楚什么让你担心将有助于减压。此处应用动名词短语作主语。2.答案：Understanding解析： 句意：对你自己的交流需求及交流风格加以理解和学会表达你的爱和情感一样重要。此处为动名词作主语。3.答案：standing解析：句意：除了在角落里立着的一个书架外，这个房间空空如也。bookshelf与stand之间为主动关系，故用动词-ing形式作定语。 4.答案：knocking解析：句意:他半夜听到有人敲门突然醒了。someone与knock构成主动关系且表进行,应用v.-ing形式。此处为hear sb. doing sth.听到某人做某事。5.答案：holding解析：句意：我们学校有一个会议室，能容纳一千多人。分析句子结构可知，a meeting room与hold之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式作后置定语，修饰a meeting room。6.答案：slipping解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他最后看到的是那个士兵恐惧的表情，还有从他的指间滑落的雪茄烟。分析句子结构可知，空处作定语，修饰the cigar，因slip 与cigar之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填slipping。7.答案：giving解析：句意：我梦想站在教室的讲台上，给可爱的孩子们上课。分析句子结构可知，空处与前面的"standing on the platform in the classroom"是并列关系，作动词短语dream of的宾语，所以要填giving。 8.答案：Having been told解析：句意：被告知了许多次怎样去做那件事，他还是不明白，所以我不得不亲自去做。分析句子结构可知，tell与he之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，且tell表示的动作在couldn't understand表示的动作之前已经完成，所以用Having been told来表示被动和完成。9.答案：reading解析：句意：昨天晚上当我走进宿舍的时候，我发现Ann正在看我的日记。根据句意可知，此处表示正在进行的动作。catch sb.doing sth.表示"发现某人正在做某事"。10.答案：functioning解析：句意：游泳池需要大量的保养和维护，以保持它们正常运行。此处考查"keep +宾语+宾补"。因them与function之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词-ing形式作宾补。故填functioning。 版权所有©正确教育 侵权必究！