2021年2月江苏河海大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年2月江苏河海大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Our journey was slow because the train stopped at differentvillages.A、unceasinglyB、graduallyC、continuouslyD、continually【正确答案】D【答案解析】unceasingly没停顿的。gradually逐渐的。continuously 连续不断的。continually 不断的。第2题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC、reformD、prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】detach分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开；隔开；分居。第3题【单选题】An interesting of the city is the old market.A、triumphB、respectC、residenceD、feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】fe atu re特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第4题【单选题】People suspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted to killhis wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan entered his oldhouse and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.His estranged wifeheard noises,came downstairs and was also attacked,but managed toescape.Seven months after the murder,a jury concluded that Lucan hadkilled the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny b e c a u s e.A、she was looking after the childrenB she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 因果关系题。对 照 本 段 Peoplesuspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted tokill his wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan enteredhis old house and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.本来是要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。第5题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事;追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第6题【单选题】Our journey was slow because the train stopped at differentvillages.A、unceasinglyB、graduallyC、continuouslyD、continually【正确答案】D【答案解析】unceasingly没停顿的。gradually逐渐的。continuously 连续不断的。continually 不断的。第7题【单选题】A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want.A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。【正确答案】B【答案解析 that Hastings was likely to want 是一*个 that 引导的定语从句，是对the last thing的修饰。而且在本题中特别需要注意的是不能直接根据句子翻译为：最后需要的东西，句子表达的是一种否定的含义，最后才需要的也就是说他可能不需要任何借口。因此本题答案为B。第8题【单选题】A powerful indictment of Americas disregard of ecology,Silent Springwas aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides,especiallyDDT.A、一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。B、沉默的春天有力地控诉了美国忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药一一特别是滴滴涕。C、有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。D、沉默的春天 对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本句的主语是Silent Spring,注意Apowerful indictment of”的翻译。第9题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be the social problem in this areaand may undermine social stability.A、prevalentB、primitiveC previousD、premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent“普遍的,流行的。根据题意，正确答案应选A。第10题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r 有 责任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第U题【单选题】The is expected to be passed in the next parliament.A、legislationB、toleranceC、graduateD、instrument【正确答案】A【答案解析】instrument仪器；工具；乐器；手段；器械。第12题【单选题】The other side of a state legal apparatus is a state military apparatus.While the one protects the individual from violence,the other sacrificesthe individual to violence in the interests of the state.In war the stateaffirms supreme power over the individuals within its own borders.Waris not simply a trial by combat to settle disputes between states;it is themoment when the state makes its most powerful demands upon itspeople for their commitment,allegiance,and supreme sacrifice.Times ofwar test a communitys deepest religious and ethical commitments.What can we learn from the paragraph?A、Governments tend to abuse their supreme Power in times of war.B、In times of war governments may extend their power acrossnational borders.C、In times of war governments impose high religious and ethicalstandards on their people.D、Governments may sacrifice individuals in the interests of the statein times of war.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段的主旨较为明显，说的是国家司法机器的另一方面，即军事机器，开头第二句说得很明确，这一方面是为了国家的利益而牺牲个人，恰好是选项D 的意义。第 13题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A、dismissB、permitC、restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】rew ard奖励；奖赏。第 14题【单选题】I would class my garden as medium in size.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案解析】medium ad j.中间的,中等的；半生熟的。第 15题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehelping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第16题【单选题】My d ic t io n a r y.1 have looked for it everywhere but still it.A、has lost,do not findB、is missing,do not findC、has lost,have not foundD、is missing,have not found【正确答案】D【答案解析】lose是个及物动词，如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A 项与C 项使用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词，其词义是：lost;not to be found（丢失了的）,据此，第一空缺处应填入is missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。第17题【单选题】A powerful indictment of Americas disregard of ecology,Silent Springwas aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides,especiallyDDT.A、一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。B、沉默的春天有力地控诉了美国忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药一一特别是滴滴涕。C、有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。D、沉默的春天 对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本句的主语是Silent Spring,注意Apowerful indictment of”的翻译。第18题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第19题【单选题】One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,largefamilies are helpful.Having more children means having more workers inthe fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In anindustrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not helpa family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization hasgenerally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,whichwas industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of thetwentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with ahigh birth rate.After World Wars,Italys economy was rapidlymodernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth ratehad dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the worlds lowest.In atraditional agricultural economy,a large f a mi l y.A、can be an advantageB、may limit incomeC、isnt necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 对照本段In a traditional agriculturaleconomy,large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答案是A。第20题【单选题】If you keep on,youll succeed wish you success in theexaminations.A、in timeB、at one timeC、for the same timeD、sometimes【正确答案】A【答案解析】in time意为sooner or later”即 早晚,终究。in time另一个意思是及时。第21题【单选题】It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone my visit which I hadintended to pay to Germany in January.A、令我深感失望的是，我原计划访问德国，但不得不予以推迟到一月份。B、令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份推迟我对德国预定的访问。C、我原计划一月份访问德国，后来不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。D、我原计划访问德国，令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份予以推迟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本题主要考查英语评价句的翻译。需要对某事发表评论或表明态度时，英语的语序和汉语不同。英语是先评论，或先表态，然后再说有关的事情或情况。汉语则相反，评论或表态性的话往往是放在句子的后面。第22题【单选题】As part of their study,the researchers used a special machine to takeaction photos of the students br a i ns.This is the same part ofthe brain that becomes active when good readers read.This activatedbrain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognizefamiliar written words quickly.A、Do you have difficulty reading in class?B、The pictures showed an increase in activity in the back of the brainon the Ie代 side.C、As part of the study,37 struggling readers received specialtutoring.D、By the end of the school year,these children could read fasterthan before.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo这一段说的是：作为研究的一部分，研究人员用一个特殊的机器拍摄学生大脑的动作照片。B说的是：照片显示左大脑后部的活动增加了。第23题【单选题】As is known to us all,traveling is,but we。代en feelwhen we are back from travelsA、interesting;tiredB、interested;tiringC、interesting;tiringD、interested;tired【正确答案】A【答案解析】作形容词用的-ing形式常用来修饰物，作形容词用的-e d分词常用来修饰人。注意当修饰人的表情、眼神、眼泪、叫声时，常用-ed分词，如excited look（激动的表情）。第24题【单选题】Those attacks can range from indiscriminate viruses to corporate spyingand efforts to gain data from banksA、sensibleB senseC、sensitiveD、sensibly【正确答案】C【答案解析】相关句子部分的意思是：从银行、信用卡公司或个人获得敏感的数据。四个选项的意思分别为：明智的；感觉；敏感的；容易感知地。第25题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下,而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，country并不是“国家，而是指 农村。第26题【单选题】My d i c t i o n a r y.1 have looked for it everywhere but still it.A、has lost,do not findB is missing,do not findC、has lost,have not foundD、is missing,have not found【正确答案】D【答案解析】lose是个及物动词，如果要表示某物丢失了，只能用被动语态。A 项与C 项使用的都是其主动形式。missing是形容词，其词义是：lost;not to be found（丢失了的）,据此，第一空缺处应填入is missing。根据语境，第二个空缺处应填使用现在完成时的否定形式，因为它可以表示目前还未发生的动作。第27题【单选题】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current bymeasuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an objectand.A、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magneticfieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraftto banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing thedensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object；另一个就是converting the information into.,即：通过测量一个物体的磁场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第28题【单选题】Thirty years ago,most teenagers had bicycles,but now they arecomparatively rare._ 1 _ motor scooters are much more common._ 2 _ this may seem a sign of progress but _ 3 _ the change is notnecessarily for the better.1.At the other end On the contrary Onthe other hand In addition?.A.At first sight B.At the beginning C.In the first viewD.From the first3.A、absolutelyB、actuallyC、surelyD、definitely【正确答案】B【答案解析】actually,事实上，实际上。这道题考察学生对文章的理解和对词义的掌握。作者说乍一看这是进步，但事实上不是这样,有转折之意。A,absolutely,绝对的；C,surely,的确的;D,definitely,明确地。第29题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid familyleave starting in 2011.1 wasn/t surprised when this didnt make the newshere in the United Stateswere now the only wealthy country withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theFamily and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to asmuch as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as“government run personnel management7/and a“dangerous precedent/In fact,every step of the way,as(usually)Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack of a precedent in American history.B The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C The opposition from business circles.D、The incompetence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C 项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对,business circles与文中的business groups相对应，故正确答案为 C 项。文中说 家庭与医疗休假法在 1993年时通过，故排除A 项“在美国历史上没有先例；B 项“现有的 家庭与医疗休假法 ，并非主要原因；文中提到民主党领导人支持工作与家庭的平衡措施的实施，只是遭到了来自商业团体的反对，故排除D 项“民主党的无能。第30题【单选题】It made the teacher angry I was late again.A、whenB、whichC、becauseD、that【正确答案】D【答案解析】it 在句子中作形式主语，从句置于谓语动词之后，用 that来引导。第 31题【单选题】you really need is self-confidence（自信）.A、ThatB、WhatC、AnythingD、Something which【正确答案】B【答案解析】题意为你真正需要的是自信，空白处需要填入的引导词是whato第 32题【单选题】There are too many big things involved this.A、beforeB、forC、inD、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】be involved in：牵涉，涉及到,答案选C。第 33题【单选题】Be qui c k!.A、The bus comes hereB、Here comes the busC、Here coming the busD、Here is the bus coming【正确答案】B【答案解析】在 there,here开头的句子里，主语为名词，谓语动词是come,go等时，句子要倒装。第34题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A、dismissB、permitC restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】rew ard奖励；奖赏。第35题【单选题】On a September day in 1991,two Germans were climbing the mountainsbetween Austria and Italy.High up on a mountain pass,they found thebody of a man lying on the ice.At that height(10z499 feet,or 3,200meters),the ice is usually permanent,but 1991 had been an especiallywarm year.The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so thebody had come to the surface.It was lying face downward.Theskeleton（骨架）was in perfect condition,except for a wound in the head.There was still skin on the bones and the remains of some clothes.Thehands were still holding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feetthere were very simple leather and cloth boots.Nearby was a pair ofgloves made of tree bark（树皮）and a holder for arrows.What can beinferred from paragraph 2?A、The Iceman lived a poor life.B、The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head.C、The Iceman was struck dead from behind.D、The Iceman was killed while working.【正确答案】B【答案解析】推理判断的答案不会偏离主题，但答案在文章中肯定没有。长选项可以作为答案的参考。第36题【单选题】I recognize my own shortcomings.A、建立B、指望C、认识到D、推荐【正确答案】C【答案解析】recognize v t.认出,识别；承认。第37题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第38题【单选题】Our neighbor Uncle Johnson is a stubborn man.Needless to say,we triedto make him change his mind.A、in shortB、in secretC、in vainD、in danger【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题的四个选项都是以in开头的介词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析、理解与运用。in vain“白白地，徒劳。根据题意，正确答案应为C。第39题【单选题】This train will terminate at Sheffield.A、endB sympathyC campaignD、attribute【正确答案】A【答案解析】terminate使终止；使结束；解雇；e n d 结束，终止；终结。第40题【单选题】In times of economic crisis,Americans turn to their families for support.If the Great Depression is any guide,we may see a drop in our skyhighdivorce rate.But this wont necessarily represent an increase in happymarriages.In the long run,the Depression weakened American families,and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of theDepression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge joblosses.By 1932,when nearly one-quarter of the workforce wasunemployed,the divorce rate had declined by around 25%from 1929.But this doesn/t mean people were suddenly happier with theirmarriages.Rather,with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs,unhappycouples often couldnt afford to divorce.They feared neither spo