2021年9月上海交通大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年9月上海交通大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】I hope that the little Ive been able to do has been of some use.A、whichB、whenC、thatD、who【正确答案】C【答案解析】当先行词是不定代词或被它们修饰时，要用that,不 用 whicho句意：我希望我能够做到的那一点点是有些用处的。第2题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC、build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way for让路，让地给.o give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第3题【单选题】Cost was a key in our decision.A、philosopherB、innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第4题【单选题】Facing growing costs and shrinking tax,the government is nowthreatening to cut funding for environmental protection programs.A、budgetB、collectionC profitD、revenue【正确答案】D【答案解析】revenue 收入，税收，尤指国家的岁入。根据题意，正确答案应为D。第5题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman”,译成汉语可放在句首。a farcry from sth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very differentexperience from sth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。“wolf是狼的意思，sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪 比较贴切。第6题【单选题】Between the two roads a TV tower called“Skyscraper Tower.A、standsB、standingC、which standsD、stand【正确答案】A【答案解析】aTV tower是这句话的主语，这是个倒装句，所以谓语动词要用单数形式。第7题【单选题】As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues,justifying parental supportdepends on defining the family as a social good that,in some sense,society must pay for.In her book No Exit:What Parents Owe TheirChildren and What Society Owes Parents,she argues that parents areburdened in many ways in their lives:there is“no exit“when it comes tochildren.Society expectsand needsparents to provide their childrenwith continuity of care,meaning the intensive,intimate care that humanbeings need to develop their intellectual,emotional,and moralcapabilities.And society expectsand needsparents to persist in theirrole for 18 years,or longer if needed/What is Professor Anne AI stottsargument for parental support?A、Good parenting benefits society.B、The cost of raising children in the US has been growing.C、The US should keep up with other developed countries.D、Children need continuous care.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 推理判断题。本段提到，社会也需要家长们对他们的孩子付出关爱，因为良好的父母教养能造福于社会，应选A 项。B 项“抚养孩子的成本在美国已越来越大 ，C 项“美国应该赶上其他发达国家，这两项在文中均未提及；D 项“儿童需要持续的照顾，是对文中的parents toprovide their children with continuity of care 设置的干扰项。第8题【单选题】Many people act on without counting the cost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；电子脉冲；刺激；神经冲动;推动力。第9题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第10题【单选题】This train will terminate at Sheffield.A、endB sympathyC、campaignD、attribute【正确答案】A【答案解析】terminate使终止；使结束；解雇；e n d 结束，终止；终结。第11题【单选题】You will find that,your roommate will turn out to be your bestfriend.A all in allB、for the most partC、in the long runD、in the end【正确答案】C【答案解析】all in all整体而言。for the most part在很大程度上。in the long run从长远来看。in the end最终。第12题【单选题】The pair of legs that carried him rickety,and there was a bias in his gaitwhich inclined him somewhat to the left of a straight line.A、支着他的两条腿老是摇摇晃晃的，他走路的姿势里，又总有一种倾斜的趋势，使他或多或少地往一条直线的左边歪。B、他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路的步法又总是倾斜着，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。C、支着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点往一条直线的左边歪。D、支撑着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题考查的知识点为选词。文学作品语言生动，其中选词是一个重要方面。动 词 carry有许多含义。此处译文具体化，译作“支着第13题【单选题】After seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.A whichB、itC whatD、that【正确答案】C【答案解析】选 项 A,认为介词后应接关系代词which（但是，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词）；B 或 D 也不能选择,因为介词后可接what引导的宾语从句，但通常不能跟that引导的宾语从句或没有引导词的从句。另一方面，引导名词性从句的that也不能充当句子成分（句中的seemed缺主语）。选 C,w hat引导的是宾语从句，用做介词after的宾语，其中的what可理解为some time thato第 14题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A、temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根 本 的;essential基本的;本质的。第 15题【单选题】All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony.A、所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。B、正如托尼喜欢所有的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢所有的戏剧。C、我对戏剧就像托尼对于音乐一样，非常欣赏。D、托尼不会欣赏音乐，同样我也不会欣赏戏剧。【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查句子暗示意思和比较的翻译。all playsare al汰 e to m e的意思是所有的戏剧对我来说都是一样的，言外之意就是 我欣赏不懂戏剧，同样all music is alike to Tony的意思也应该是“托尼欣赏不懂音乐根据句子中的比较结构just as可以得出，他们两个在这方面是一样的，.可以翻译为“同样。所以选D。第16题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、grant【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第17题【单选题】“People disappear in that river every year/one of the policemen said tome that afternoon,half in dismay,half in frustration.A、年年都有人消失在这条河里，当天下午警察中的一个人半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。B、“这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。C、这条河里年年都有人消失，当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。D、这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o 本题考查的知识点为成语。英语和汉语都有许多成语。汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。英译汉时，适当地使用成语，译文显得简洁、生动，可以增加文采。第18题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A、take the place ofB、give space forC build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.0 give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第19题【单选题】I called you up at nine last night,but nobody answered it.Really?Im sorry,but I my report in the lab.A、preparedB、had preparedC、was preparingD、would prepare【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 由上下文可知昨晚打电话时我正在准备我的报告。第20题【单选题】Word came he was employed by that company.A、whichB whyC thatD、when【正确答案】C【答案解析】这里是由that引导的同位语从句。第21题【单选题】My teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood thateverything has a name.A、我的老师和我相处了好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。B、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字以前，我的老师和我相处了好几个星期。C、老师教了我好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。D、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字之前，老师教了我好几个星期。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o本题考查before的译法。第22题【单选题】The car honked at me until I fastened my seat belt.A、汽车向我发出嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C、汽车在我系上安全带之前发出嘟嘟的声音。D、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bountil在否定句中表示的意思是 直到.才；在肯定句中等于before；本句的意思是：汽车一直嘟嘟地响，直到我系上安全带才停下来。翻译的时候要体现连词until表示的意思，所以比较恰当的用法应该是B项。A项虽然有“直到的意思，但是表达方式不符合汉语习惯，意思模糊不清。第23题【单选题】The book last month sells well.A、publishedB、publishingC、to be publishedD、being published【正确答案】A【答案解析】题意：上月出版的那本书卖得很好。上个月出版的书，表示的是已经完成的动作，用过去分词published,相当于 which was publishedo第24题【单选题】The flood went down,leaving the village destroyed.A mainlyB completelyC、exactlyD、thoroughly【正确答案】B【答案解析】mainly主要的。completely完 全 的（强调整体性）。thoroughly彻 底 的（强调无疏漏）。第25题【单选题】In times of economic crisis,Americans turn to their families for support.If the Great Depression is any guide,we may see a drop in our skyhighdivorce rate.But this wont necessarily represent an increase in happymarriages.In the long run,the Depression weakened American families,and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of theDepression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge joblosses.By 1932,when nearly one-quarter of the workforce wasunemployed,the divorce rate had declined by around 25%from 1929.But this doesnt mean people were suddenly happier with theirmarriages.Rather,with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs,unhappycouples often couldn/t afford to divorce.They feared neither spousecould manage alone.In the Great Depression many unhappy coupleschose to stick together b e c a u s e.A、starting a new family would be hardB、they wanted to better protect their kidsC、living separately would be too costlyD、they expected things would turn better【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。推理判断题。由题干中的和unh叩pycouples定位到文章第2 段最后两句。随着收入下降和工作的不稳定，不幸福的家庭承担不起离婚的费用。他们担心任何一方都无法独自生活。由此可见，在大萧条时期，即使不幸福的家庭也会选择共同生活，因为离婚的费用和独自生活的成本太高了，故答案为c。第26题【单选题】I failed in the final examination last term and only then theimportance of studies.A、I realizedB、I had realizedC、had I realizedD、did I realize【正确答案】D【答案解析】“only+状语放在句首时，主句用倒装语序，只把助动词、情态动词或be放在主语前。此句为一般过去时，在主语前加助动词d id,谓语动词用原形。第27题【单选题】In times of economic crisis,Americans turn to their families for support.If the Great Depression is any guide,we may see a drop in our skyhighdivorce rate.But this won/t necessarily represent an increase in happymarriages.In the long run,the Depression weakened American families,and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of theDepression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge joblosses.By 1932,when nearly one-quarter of the workforce wasunemployed,the divorce rate had declined by around 25%from 1929.But this doesn/t mean people were suddenly happier with theirmarriages.Rather,with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs,unhappycouples often couldnt afford to divorce.They feared neither spousecould manage alone.In the Great Depression many unhappy coupleschose to stick together b e c a u s e.A、starting a new family would be hardB、they wanted to better protect their kidsC、living separately would be too costlyD、they expected things would turn better【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co推理判断题。由题干中的和unhappycouples定位到文章第2 段最后两句。随着收入下降和工作的不稳定，不幸福的家庭承担不起离婚的费用。他们担心任何一方都无法独自生活。由此可见，在大萧条时期，即使不幸福的家庭也会选择共同生活，因为离婚的费用和独自生活的成本太高了，故答案为C。第28题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A cleverB savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的；机灵的，精制的；心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第29题【单选题】Readers are required to comply with the rules of the library and mindtheir manners.A、evaluateB、memorizeC、protectD、observe【正确答案】D【答案解析】comply with服从，遵从。observe遵守，奉行。参考译文：读者被要求遵守图书馆规章并注意各自的行为规范。第30题【单选题】They are all for your proposal that the s e mi n a r.回A be put offB was put off 0C、should put offD、is to put off【正确答案】A【答案解析】虚拟式的被动结构。谓语动词用should+动词原形。注意这种句型中的虚拟语气形式不受主句动词时态的影响。团第31题【单选题】The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain.Across thecountry,many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boostin morale.For some,the hardships of life without steady work eventuallyoverwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together.The divorcerate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery tookhold.What will the current economic crisis eventually do to somemarried couples?A、It will force them to pull their efforts together.B、It will undermine their mutual understanding.C、It will irreparably damage their relationship.D It will help strengthen their emotional bonds.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 推理判断题。文章本段最后两句提到，工作的不稳定、生活的艰辛最终会使得一些美国人维系家庭的努力消失殆尽，危机过后的数十年中随着经济复苏离婚率再次上升。由此可见，目前的经济危机最终会伤害夫妻关系至无法弥补，故答案为C。A“会迫使他们齐心协力是经济萧条初期会出现的情况，可以排除；B和D在文中均未提及。第32题【单选题】Can I know your plans for this summer holiday?Mm.of course!But Im just thinking about this.I be a volunteer social worker.A、mightB、shouldC mustD、need【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。考查情态动词。根据句意可知，我正在考虑暑假计划，所以might表示可能。第33题【单选题】Cost was a key in our decision.A、philosopherB innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第34题【单选题】It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone my visit which I hadintended to pay to Germany in January.A、我原计划访问德国，令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份予以推迟。B、我原计划一月份访问德国，后来不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。C、令我深感失望的是，我原计划访问德国，但不得不予以推迟到一月份。D、令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份推迟我对德国预定的访问。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查定语与中心语之间的关系。A 项中I hadintended to pay to Germany in January,表明我对德国的访问是一月份的，所以把一月份用来做推迟的时间状语是不正确的，推迟不是在一月份。C 和 D 项犯了同样的错误，是原定一月份的访问，而不是推迟到一月份。第35题【单选题】The news about the terrible flood there greatly discouragedthese for a sight-seeing.A、us from goingB、us to goC、our goingD、our to go【正确答案】A【答案解析】discourage与 encourage互为反义词。英语中说 鼓励某人做某事 时使用encourage sb.to do sth.,但如果要表示“使某人没勇气做某事时，不能想当然的以此类推：discourage sb.to do sth.,这是不符合英语习惯的错误表达方式，其正确形式是：discourage sb from doing sth.o第36题【单选题】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current bymeasuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an objectand.A、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magneticfieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraftto banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing thedensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object；另一个就是converting the information into.,即：通过测量一个物体的磁场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第37题【单选题】I was halfway back to the hospital where the doctor was workingSusan caught up with me.A、whenB、whileC、untilD、though【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查状语从句辨析。本句考查时间状语从句，while后接延续性动词，而catch up with为瞬间动词，所以排除 whileo第38题【单选题】She can be very annoying sometimes,but I think you shouldapologize for being so rude to her.A all the sameB once in a whileC in actual factD、all the time【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。all the same意为 尽管如止匕，与本题题意相符。第39题【单选题】My teacher once said to me,“If you dont quit,you will win”.I have nodesire to quit writing as Im having too much fun.My thanks go toAssociated Content and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing!And to my fellow writers thank you so much foryour support and friendship.May we continue to support each other formany years to come!We can learn from the passage that.A、the author thinks writing on the Net is very easyB the author has his first book published on the NetC、two years has passed since the author began writingD、the author is grateful for the content sites sincerely【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o由本段的My thanks go to AssociatedContent and the Yahoo!Contributor Network for all myprogress in writing知道作者感谢他提到的网站给他的支持和帮助。因此选D。第40题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方,接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是Co第41题【单选题】On the other hand,on the moon there will be an attraction between thebutter and the moon;but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth asmuch as it does on the earth.This is because the moon is so muchsmaller than the earth.The amount of gravitational pull that a bodyproduces depends on the amount of material in it.A packet of butter hasa gravitational pull of its own;but this is very small in relation to the pullof something as large as the moon