2021年上海闵行区高三二模英语试卷.pdf
2021年上海闵行区高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、语法填空(本大题共10小题)1、【来源】2021年上海闵行区高三二模第213。题Everywhere I look outside my home I see people busy on their high-tech devices,while driving,walking,shopping,even sitting in toilets.1 connected electronically,they areaway from physical reality.People 2(influence)to become technology addicted.One surveyreported that addicted was the word most commonly used bypeople 3(describe)their relationship to iPad and similar devices.One studyfound that people had a harder time 4(resist)the temptation of social mediathan they did for sleep,cigarettes and alcohol.The main goal of technology companies is to get people to spend more money and time on theirproducts,not to actually improve our quality of life.They have successfully created a cultural disease.I seepeople 5(trap)in a pathological(病态的)relationship with time-consumingtechnology,6 they serve technology more than technology serves them.I callthis technology servitude(奴役).I am referring to a loss of personal freedom andindependence 7 uncontrolled consumption of many kinds of devices that eatup time and money.What is a healthy use of technology devices?That is the vital question.Who is really in charge of mylife?That is what we need to ask 8 if we are to have any chance of breakingup false beliefs about the use of technology.When we can live happily without using so much technologyfor a day or a week,then we can regain control and personal freedom,become the master of technologyand discover what there is to enjoy in life free of technology.Mae West is famous fbr the wisdom that toomuch of a good thing is wonderful.9 it*s time to discover that it does notwork for technology.Richard Fernandez,an executive coach at Google acknowledged that we can be swept away by ourtechnologies.To break the grand digital connection,people mustconsider 10 life long ago could be fantastic without todays overusedtechnology.二、选词填空（本大题共10小题）2、【来源】2021年上海闵行区高三二模第314。题A.potential B.limitless C.attached D.initial E.pxmiotion E appeal G.expandH.equal I.recognition J.threaten K.practiceCelebrity（名人）has become one of the most important representatives of popular culture.Fans used tobe crazy about a specific film,but now the public tends to base its consumption on the interest ofcelebrity 1 to any given product.Besides,fashion magazines have almostabandoned the 2 of putting models on the cover because they dont sell nearlyas well as famous faces.As a result,celebrities have realized their unbelievably powerfulmarket 3,moving from advertising fbr others products to developing their own.Celebrity clothing lines arent a completely new phenomenon,but in the past,they were typicallyaimed at the ordinary consumers,and limited to a few TV actresses.Today theyre started by firstclassstars whose products enjoy 4 fame with some world top brands.The mostsuccessful start-ups have been those by celebrities with specific personal style.As celebrities become moreand more experienced at the market,they try to 5 their production scalerapidly,covering almost all the products of daily life.However,for every success story,there*s a related warning tale of a celebrity who overvalued hisconsumer 6.No matter how famous the products origin is,if it fails to impressconsumers with its own qualities,it begins to resemble an exercise in self-promotional marketing.Andonce the 7 attention dies down,consumer interest might fade,loyaltyreturning to tried-andtrue labels.Today,celebrities face even more severe embarrassment.The pop-cultural circle might be biggerthan ever,but its rate of turnover has speeded up as well.Each misstep is likelyto 8 to reduce a celebritys shelf life and the same newspaper or magazine thatonce brought him fame has no problem picking him to pieces when the opportunity appears.Still,the ego*s（自我的）potential fbr expansion is 9.Having already achieved great wealthand public U）,many celebrities see fashion as the next frontier to be conquered.As the saying goes,success and failure always go hand in hand.Their success as designers might last onlya short time,but fashion一like celebrity一has always been temporary.三、完形填空（本大题共15小题）3、【来源】2021年上海闵行区高三二模第41 55题Many things happen when people are ageing.Apart from the greying hair and wrinkled skin,there isa（n）1 change which comes with older age.When humans reach their lateryears,they favour more long-term 2 and their social circle is reduced.Now,for what appears to be the first time,scientists have seen thesame 3 in another species.Twenty years of observations of chimpanzees（猩猩）reveal that older males choose to keep contact with their 4 friends at theexpense of other relationships.The researchers studied 78,000 hours of observations made between 1996 and 2016 that followed thesocial 5 of 21 male chimpanzees between the ages of 15 and 58 years old.They classified the chimps*6 depending on the amount of time they sat withothers and groomed（梳毛）them.They then rated（分类）the various pairings as mutual（相互的）friendships,where both chimps seemed to enjoy the relationship;7 friendships,where one chimp was more keen to be friends than the other;and non-friendships,where neither chimpshowed 8 the other.When the scientists looked at the 9 of friendships,they found that theolder chimps had more mutual friendships and fewer one-sided friendships than younger chimps.Another 10 seen in older humans was also spotted in the chimps.As the malesgot older,their levels of H gradually become less,meaning they started fewerfights and tended to threaten others in their group less often.The observations have left the researchers 2.According to an idea inpsychology known as socio-emotional selectivity theory,older humans prefermore 3 relationships because they are aware that time is running out.However,many animal experts argue that chimpanzees 14 the human sense ofmortality（死亡）,suggesting something else is driving the behaviour.Robin Dunbar,a professor of evolutionary psychology at the University of Oxford,said in humans,the 5 social circles with age is due to declining social motivation to get outand meet people combined by lack of opportunity.In chimpanzees,as older males compete less for mates,they may focus on close,reciprocal（互惠的）relationships with trusted partners,he said.A.physicalB.intellectualC.emotionalD.functionalA.habitsB.friendsC.tasksD.ideasA.problemB.obstacleC.struggleD.behaviourA.establishedB.respectiveC.experiencedD.thoughtfulA.s ki lls B.r e pu t a t i ons C.i nt e r a ct i ons D.pos i t i onsA.i nt e lli g e nce B.r e la t i ons h i ps C.popu la r i t y D.pe r for ma nce sA.e a s y-g oi ng B.w a r m-h e a r t e dC.s e lf-r e ly i ng D.one-s i de dA.r e s pe ct for B.cou r a g e t oC.i nt e r e s t i nD.loy a lt y t oA.pa t t e r ns B.i mpor t a nce C.me a ni ng s D.de v e lopme ntA.i ns t i nct B.di s a dv a nt a g e C.fe a t u r e D.be li e fA.r e s pons i bi li t y B.a g g r e s s i onC.r e li a bi li t y D.a dv a nce me ntA.de li g h t e dB.a mu s e dC.r e li v e dD.pu zzle dA.u nknow nB.pos i t i v e C.i ns e cu r e D.s e ns e le s sA.la ckB.obt a i nC.i mi t a t e D.a ba ndonA.a bs e nce fr omB.i s ola t i on fr omC.de cr e a s e i nD.di s t i nct i on i n四、阅读理解（本大题共11小题）4、【来源】2021年上海闵行区高三二模第5659题Each day,1 O-year-old Seth asked his mom for more and more lunch money.Yet he seemed skinnierthan ever and came home from school hungry.It turned out that Seth was handing his lunch money to fifthgrader,who was threatening to beat him up if he didnt pay.Most kids have been teased by a brother or a friend at some point.And its not usually harmful whendone in a playful and friendly way,and both kids find it funny.But when teasing becomes hurtful,unkind,and constant,it crosses the line into bullying and needs to be stopped.Bullying is intentional torment（折磨）in physical or psychological ways.It can range from hitting,name-calling and threats to blackmailing（勒索）money and possessions.Some kids bully others bydeliberately separating them and spreading rumours about them.Others use social media or electronicmessaging to make fun of others or hurt their feelings.Its important to take bullying seriously and not just brush it off as something that kids have to tolerate.The effects can be serious and affect kids*sense of safety and self-worth.In severe cases,bullying hascontributed to tragedies,such as suicides and school shootings.Kids bully for a variety of reasons.Sometimes they pick on kids because they need a victim一someone who seems emotionally or physically weaker,or just acts or appears different in some way一tofeel more important,popular,or in control.Although some bullies are bigger or stronger than their victims,thats not always the case.Sometimes kids bully others because thats the way they*ve been treated.They may think theirbehavior is normal because they come from families or other settings where everyone regularly gets angryand shouts or calls each other names.Unless your child tells you about bullying-or has visible injuries-it can be difficult to figure out ifits happening.(1)What is the authors purpose of telling Seths story?A.To introduce the topic of bullying.B.To seek help for the victims of bullying.C.To analyze the cause of bullying.D.To display the effects of bullying on kids.(2)What does the phrase brush it off(in paragraph 4)probably mean?A.Remove bullying.B.Ignore bullying.C.Avoid bullying.D.Punish bullying.(3)According to the passage,which of the following about bullying is NOT true?A.Bullying is accidental behaviors.B.Those who bully get emotional satisfaction.C.The weak are easy to be bullied.D.The experience of being bullied can lead to bullying.(4)What will the following paragraph most probably talk about?A.Problems of bullying.B.Cause and effect of bullying.C.Signs of bullying.D.Psychological reasons of bullying.5、【来源】2021年上海闵行区高三二模第6062题片 macmillan dictionaryWelcome to the online Macmillan Dictionary of the BUZZWORD of the month.Word entry-JOMOJOMO is an acronym(首字母缩略词)standing for the e x p r e s s i o n,and it simply refers to thegratifying feeling you get whai you break away from the(real or virtual)activities of your social group and spenttime doing exactly what you most want to do.JOMO is often described as a resist against the hyper-connected society we live in,where technology pushes botiisocial and professional activity constantly in our faces,so that ifs virtually impossible to be happily unaware o:what everyone else is doing.This often forces us into spending time in ways which we wouldnt necessarily havechosen.JOMO then,is about stepping off the social fashion and reconnecting with what really makes us happy.Background-JOMOThe concq)t of JOMO first appeared in 2012,its early use often credited to blogger Anil Dash who,having towithdraw&om both on-and offline activity fbr a period after the birth of his son,realized that hed enjoyectiimself greatly and didnt feel hed missed out on anything at altJOMO is a play on the earlier acronym FOMO,meaning fear of missing out,which is used to describe thefeeling of anxiety that people experience when they discover,often via social media,that theyVe let go on asocial event or other positive experience.rhe existence of expressions like JOMO suggest thal,although were unlikely to resist technology completelythe mare deeply we immerse(沉 浸)in it,the more were beginning to evaluate its hold on us.Othw newlycreated combined words reflecting titiis Zeitgeist include ringxiety,the constant need to check your phone ormistakenly thinkiiig its ringing,phubbing9 the related condition of being impolite in social situations by checkingyour phone,tablet,etc.,and infobesity,continuous addiction to digital infbnnation in a way which afiects yourability to concentrate.(1)Which of the following phrases can be put in the blank(in the 4th line)?A.Ju s t Oppos i t e My Opi ni onB.Joy of Mi s s i ng Ou tC.Ju mp off Me nt a l Obs t a cleD.Justify Our Main Objective(2)According to the passage,which of the following is a state of JOMO?A.You are busy with a report,so you don，t have to attend a staff meeting.B.You are not feeling well,so you are allowed to leave the work earlier.C.You received a dinner party invitation,but you preferred to stay home.D.You were tired out after work,but you heard your favorite song on the radio.(3)The word Zeitgeist(in the last paragraph)probably refers to.A.a mixed or unfavorable feeling toward technologyB.a trend to use new words related to technologyC.the fear of negative influence of technology on peopleD.the lack of ab ility to use technology properly6、【来源】2021年上海闵行区高三二模第6366题Once upon a time,science fiction was just a style among other styles.There were crime stories,therewere horror stories,there was literary fiction,and there was science fiction.But today science themesdominate these other styles.Its difficult to think of much modern crime,horror or serious fiction thatdoesnt involve science.And it*s not just books.With every second movie and computer game having a sci-fi element,sciencefiction seems to have controlled our entire entertainment culture.It*s clear that if we want to define sciencefiction,we should relate it to the role that science plays in our lives.Although some experts have claimed to be able to trace sci-fi back to ancient times,it is morereasonable to find it in initial form in the 19th century,when industrial societies arose.One of the featuresthat set industrial societies apart from other kinds was the increasing part that science played in everydaylife.Factories with vast machines turned out huge quantities of goods,which were transported by trains,motor vehicles and ships all over the world.Cities were built on the back of technology,with electricity inhomes and hospitals helping everyone to lead healthier,more convenient lives.All of these changes hadgreat effects not only on peoples real lives,but on their imaginative ones.Writers began to describe these changing physical and mental landscapes,eventually giving sciencefiction a large and devoted fan base of especially young readers,who found that it spoke to their curiosityabout the future that science would create.But sci-fiction reflected fears about science more than it did hopes.These typical early science fictionnovels might be a UK novel like H.G.Wells*The War of the Worlds(1897).With great skill,Wellsplayed upon the fears of technology by imagining Earth under threat by a civilization-that of men fromMars.The science fiction of today expresses the impact of the computing revolution,robotics and ourenvironmental challenges,while it is less concerned with little green men from Mars and other themes ofpast sci-fiction.Given that science,technology and politics are always intertwined,contemporary science fiction oftenhas a great deal to say about power.Many recent novelslike American Cory Doctorows LittleBrother(2008)are concerned with government and security service“conspiracies(阴谋)against the people,particularly as the revelations of whistleblowers like Edward Snowden sink in.Thiscan give sci-fi writing a
