2021年7月陕西西安工程科技学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年7月陕西西安工程科技学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】It is amusing that she her father/s bad temper as well as hermothers good looks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD、maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C和D选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句意来看只有A符合题意。inherit“经遗传而得（性格、特征等）第2题【单选题】The government on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008,and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.A、spendingB、spentC、costD、costing【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查的是现在分词的用法，spending onpurchase of cars在这里是一个现在分词短语。句意:2008年政府花费了 800亿用于购车，并且一年的使用和维护费用则高达3000亿。第3题【单选题】Any principle is preferable to none.A、秘密的B、首要的C、初步的D、更好的【正确答案】D【答案解析】preferable a d j.更好的，更可取的；更合意的。第4题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A striveB removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第5题【单选题】He wanted to look for occupation suited to his abilities.A、employmentB、psychologyC、speciesD、majority【正确答案】A【答案解析】occupation职业；employment职业；雇用。第6题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r 有 责任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第7题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it 为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第8题【单选题】The benefit of it would compensate danger.A、补偿B、支持C、惊奇D、允许【正确答案】A【答案解析】compensate v t.补偿，赔偿；付报酬。第9题【单选题】This reform is supposed to save the government the money involvingmaintaining a large number of cars.A、toonC atD、in【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查的是固定短语的搭配，involve in 表示“卷入，涉及的意思。句意：这项改革的目的是让政府节省大量维护车辆的费用。第10题【单选题】The disappearance of that money from my wallet is q u i t e.I msure the wallet was in my pocket all day.回A、dramaticB、doubtfulC、mysteriousD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】句意：我钱包里的钱神秘失踪，我相信钱包整天都在我的衣袋里。mysterious意为 神秘的；dramatic意为 戏剧性的；doubtful意为 可怀疑的;dangerous意为 危险的。第11题【单选题】He smiled,with the implication that he didnt believe me.A、革新B、暗指，含义C、刺激，推动D、改进【正确答案】B【答案解析】implication n.含义;暗示；牵连，卷入;可能的结果，影响。第12题【单选题】Our neighbor Uncle Johnson is a stubborn man.Needless to say,we triedto make him change his mind.A、in shortB、in secretC、in vainD、in danger【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题的四个选项都是以in开头的介词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析、理解与运用。in vain白白地，徒劳。根据题意，正确答案应为C。第13题【单选题】Research shows heavy coffee drinking is a small increase inblood pressure,but not enough to increase the risk for high bloodpressure.A、compared withB、associated withC、attributed toD、referred to【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题的四个选项为形式不同的做表语的动词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析与理解运用。(be)associatedwith 与.有关联，可见该词组符合题意。第 14题【单选题】When shall we meet again?Make it day you like;its all thesame to me.A、oneB、anyC、anotherD、some【正确答案】B【答案解析】any day指 任意选择的一天故正确答案为B。第 15题【单选题】On the wall two large portraits.A、hangsB、hangC、hangedD、hanging【正确答案】B【答案解析】地点状语提前，谓语是be,hang,stand,sit,lie等动词的句子里,主谓要倒装。第 16题【单选题】-Tom was seriously ill.-he was absent from school.A、He was becauseB、That was whyC、That was becauseD、That was that【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这个题目中，后半部分讲的是结果，“这就是他为什么缺席，所以在这里我们要选择答案B。第17题【单选题】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“My daughter always has school dinners.I think she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B Susan/s daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning 可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故 选 项 C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第18题【单选题】Tom was seriously ill.-he was absent from school.A、He was becauseB、That was whyC、That was becauseD、That was that【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这个题目中，后半部分讲的是结果，这就是他为什么缺席，所以在这里我们要选择答案B。第19题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第20题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B 答案解析】答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句，修饰franknesso I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第21题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B 答案解析】答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句，修饰franknesso I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第22题【单选题】Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expertperformers in a wide range of pursuits,including soccer.They gather allthe data they cannot just predominance statistics and biographicaldetails but also the results of their own lavatory experiments with highachievers.Their work makes a rather startling assertion:the trait wecommonly call talent is highly overrated.Or,put another way,expertperformers whether in memory or surgery,ballet or computerprogramming are nearly always made,not born.Ericsson and hiscolleagues believe that.A、talent is a dominating factor for professional successB、biographical data provide the key to excellent performanceC、the role of talent tends to be overlookedD、high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o推理判断题。作者用了类似“令人震惊的结论这样浓墨重彩的表达突出了文章的最终结论“Their work makes a rather startling assertion:the trait wecommonly call talent is highly overrated.Or;put another way,expert performers whether in memory or surgery,ballet orcomputer programming are nearly always made,not born?（他们的研究得出的结论令人惊讶：我们高估了通常称为天赋的特质。或者，换种方式来讲，表现出众的人一一无论记忆力超群者还是外科专家，无论舞姿优美的芭蕾舞演员还是出色的电脑程序设计员一一几乎都不是天生的，而是后天造就的。）其中A和C选项和原文主题观点相反；B是支持“出生年月日决定论是文章开篇所举的反例中的观点，所以均不正确。第23题【单选题】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation.However,middle class is not a real designation,nor does it carry privileges.It ismore of a perception,which probably was as true as it ever could beright after World War II.The economy was growing,more and morepeople owned their own homes,workers had solid contracts with thecompanies that employed them,and nearly everyone who wanted ahigher education could have one.The information in this passage dealswi t h.A、an individualB、a social and economic groupC、a political organizationD、Government【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过阅读本段，middle class中产阶级是一个群体，选答案B。第24题【单选题】They were,by and large,a very wealthy,privileged elite.A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正确答案】C【答案解析】elite n.精英；精华；中坚分子。第25题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词，意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是 不如.重要，而加scarcely之后,双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选C。第26题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】nothing but表示 只”的意思。第27题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r有 责任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第28题【单选题】Chinas vast size and resources,her extraordinary economic progressover recent years have made her an increasingly important player in themodern international economy.A、中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，这使得中国在现代国际经济中成为一支越来越重要的力量。B、中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，使她在现代国际经济成为越来越重要的成员。C、中国地大物博，近年来她的经济迅猛发展，使她成为现代国际经济中越来越重要的成员。D、中国地大物博，近年来她的经济迅猛发展，使她在现代国际经济中成为一支越来越重要的力量。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题考查的知识点为经济术语。在原文中，player我们所熟悉的意思是“运动员或选手，在此处应译作“力量。原文中的第一个代词her不用译，第二个her要译出来。第29题【单选题】Somewhere around puberty,something happens in the timing of thebiological clock.The clock pushes forward,so adolescents and teenagersare unable to fall asleep as early as they used to.When your mother tellsyou its time for bed,your body may be pushing you to stay up forseveral hours more.And the light coming from your computer screen orTV could be pushing you to stay up even later.What is implied in thesecond paragraph?A Young childrens biological clock has the same rhythm with that ofthe teenagers.B、People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the changeof the biological clock.C、Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night thanadolescents.D、Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light fromthe computer screen.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o推理判断题，对 应 原 句The clockpushes forward（推动），so adolescents（青年）and teenagersare unable to fall asleep as early as they used to.的含义是青年人以前睡觉还要早。考 察used to（过去）的意思得到答案为Co第30题【单选题】The group does not advocate the use of violence.A、supportB、matterC、suitD、reach【正确答案】A【答案解析】advocate提倡，主张，拥护；support支持，支撑，支援。第31题【单选题】If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in2006s World Cup tournament you would most likely find a noteworthyquirk:elite soccer players are likely to have been born in the earliermonths of the year than in the later months.If you then examined theEuropean national youth teams that feed the World Cup andprofessional ranks,you would find this strange phenomenon to be evenmore pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon?Here are a few guesses:a)certain astrological signs confer superiorsoccer skills,b)winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacitywhich increases soccer stamina,c)soccer mad parents are more likely toconceive children in springtime at the annual peak of soccer mania,d)none of the above.The word“mania”(Paragraph 2)most probably meansA、funB、crazeC、hysteriaD、excitement【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o词义理解题，考查考生利用上下文推测词义。文章第1 段介绍一个奇怪的现象，即高水平的足球运动员多半是一年中头几个月出生的。第2段试图解释这一现象，对这一现象做出种种猜测，即“某些星相赋予人们高超的足球技能，冬天出生的婴儿氧气足，这会增加足球运动所需的耐力，足球迷的父母往往容易在春天孕育新生命等等。本段中的mania”一词出现在第三种猜测中，句子的前半部分有“soccer m ad,意思是对足球痴迷、疯狂的，由此可以推断mania”一词与soccer mad接近,即 疯狂。因此正确答案是B。第32题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A ampleB assiduousC affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】absent缺少的；deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第33题【单选题】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives towardaggression in the human species.Natural impulses of anger,hostility,andterritoriality（守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence.These are all qualities that humans share with animals.Aggression is akind of innate（天 生 的）survival mechanism,an instinct forself-preservation,that allows animals to defend themselves from threatsto their existence.But,on the other hand,human violence showsevidence of being a learned behavior.In the case of human aggression,violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct.The many expressionsof human violence are always conditioned by social conventions thatgive shape to aggressive behavior.In human societies violence has asocial function:It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of socialorder.Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing thepowers of violence.We will look at the ritual and ethical（道德上的）patterns within which human violence has been directed.Humanviolence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in t hat.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned behavior。可以知道本题的答案应该就在本段的后面部分。接下来的第二句话即说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of humanviolence are always conditioned by social conventions that giveshape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第34题【单选题】At twenty-two,he had first learned what it is to a Negro.A、他 22岁时，生平第一次尝到了对待黑人的滋味。B、他 22岁 时 一，生平第一次懂得了如何做一个黑人。C、他 22岁时，生平第一次知道了黑人意味着什么。D、他 22岁 时 一，生平第一次知道是如何对待黑人的。【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题解题的关键是What it is to a Negro,表示的意思是：对待黑人的滋味。第35题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表示 只的意思。第36题【单选题】Many people act on without counting the cost.A、failB、impulseC、outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；电子 脉冲；刺激；神经冲动;推动力。第37题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第38题【单选题】Tombs and temples of ancient Egypt follow the Nile well into the Sudan.A、尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处都有古埃及的坟墓和寺庙跟随。B、尼罗河沿岸直到苏丹境内很远的地方，到处可以看到古埃及的坟墓和寺庙。C、古埃及的坟墓和寺庙随着尼罗河直到苏丹境内很远的地方。D、古埃及的坟墓和寺庙随着尼罗河直到苏丹境内。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题考查的知识点为理解原意。语言这东西很复杂，往往不能全看字面的意思。原文中的动词follow 不过是一个形象性的用法。第39题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的；机灵的，精制的;心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第40题【单选题】It was a keen disappointment that I had to postpone my visit which I hadintended to pay to Germany in January.A、令我深感失望的是，我原计划访问德国，但不得不予以推迟到一月份。B、令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份推迟我对德国预定的访问。C、我原计划一月份访问德国，后来不得不予以推迟，这使我深感失望。D、我原计划访问德国，令我深感失望的是，我不得不在一月份予以推迟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本题主要考查英语评价句的翻译。需要对某事发表评论或表明态度时，英语的语序和汉语不同。英语是先评论，或先表态，然后再说有关的事情或情况。汉语则相反，评论或表态性的话往往是放在句子的后面。第41题【单选题】Marian,the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that thechildrens book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginary ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imaginary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff,another kid.Elsewhere,boys and girls had battles,chargingeach others bases using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第42题【单选题】Frankfurt,Germany,is one of the most populated regions ofWest Europe.A、denselyB、vastlyC、enormouslyD、largely【正确答案】A【答案解析】densely稠密的。vastly广泛的。enormously巨大的/庞大的。largely主要的/很大程度上。第43题【单选题】An interesting of the city is the old market.A、triumphB respectC residenceD、feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】feature特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第44题【单选题】I had the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long,narrowfarm.A、我有一种错觉，我是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。B、我感到仿佛是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。C、当我在开车穿过一个特别狭长的农场时产生了一种幻觉。D、我仿佛产生了一种错觉，那就是我开车穿过一个极长而狭窄的农场。【正确答案】B【答案解析】had th e川usion表示的是开车时的一种感觉，所以译为“我感觉仿佛这样比较好，而不直译为“错觉。第45题【单选题】Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed thegovernment should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500meter radius（半径）of school grounds,child care centers,hospitals,sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage ofchildren.He says there is emerging evidence that children absor