2021年9月上海海事大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年9月上海海事大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】I couldnt have got to the meeting on time an earlier train.A、if I had not caughtB unless I had caughtC、if I did not catchD、unless I caught【正确答案】B【答案解析】if.not和unless有时可以互相替换，但也有不能互相替换的时候。unless用于这样的句子，即“如果A不受阻于 B A 将 发 生,He will accept the job if the salary isnot too low/unless the salary is too low.第2题【单选题】Chinas vast size and resources,her extraordinary economic progressover recent years have made her an increasingly important player in themodern international economy.A、中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，这使得中国在现代国际经济中成为一支越来越重要的力量。B、中国地大物博，近年来经济迅猛发展，使她在现代国际经济成为越来越重要的成员。C、中国地大物博，近年来她的经济迅猛发展，使她成为现代国际经济中越来越重要的成员。D、中国地大物博，近年来她的经济迅猛发展，使她在现代国际经济中成为一支越来越重要的力量。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题考查的知识点为经济术语。在原文中，player我们所熟悉的意思是“运动员或选手，在此处应译作 力量。原文中的第一个代词her不用译，第二个her要译出来。第3题【单选题】They took measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.A、fruitfulB、beneficialC、validD effective【正确答案】D【答案解析】fruitful多产的/成功的。beneficial有益的。valid有 效 的（法律/时间）/正当的。effective有效的。第4题【单选题】Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of theirresponses to the current crisis,working together and supporting oneanother through the early months of unemployment.Todays economiccrisis could well generate a similar number of couples whoserelationships have been irreparably（无法弥补地）ruined.So it is onlywhen the economy is healthy again that well begin to see just how manybroken families have been created.What can be inferred from the lastparagraph?A、A stable family is the best protection against poverty.B、Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage.C、Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships.D The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o推理判断题。最后一段指出，目前的经济危机极有可能会使得这些家庭分崩离析，无法弥补。唯有等到经济再次稳健之后我们才能发现多少家庭在此过程中支离破碎。由此可见，经济的复苏将会见证更高的离婚率，故答案为Do C很少有夫妻能够经受得起经济危机的考验属于过度推断，可以排除。A和B文章皆未提及。第5题【单选题】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonderful family,but realized his fatherwas very old,and thought perhaps he should go to him.He had not seenhim since that graduation day.Before he could make arrangements tosee his father,he received a telegram telling him his father had passedaway,and willed all of his possessions to his son.He needed to comehome immediately and take care things.When he arrived at his fathershouse,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young manarrived home,he fel t.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第6题【单选题】Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed thegovernment should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500meter radius（半径）of school grounds,child care centers,hospitals,sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage ofchildren.He says there is emerging evidence that children absorblow-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults.Headds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected toradiation the growth rate of the disease accelerates（提高）.Who absorblow-level radiation at a higher rate than the others?A、Children.B、Men.C、Women.D、Old people.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段第三句话提到：He says there is emergingevidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate morethan three times that of adults.从这句话可以看出答案是A。第7题【单选题】Facing growing costs and shrinking tax,the government is nowthreatening to cut funding for environmental protection programs.A、budgetB、collectionC、profitD、revenue【正确答案】D【答案解析】revenue 收入，税收，尤指国家的岁入。根据题意，正确答案应为D。第8题【单选题】On the other hand,more people working for longer would create greatercompetition for jobs.It would make it more difficult for younger peopleto find a job.Top posts would be dominated by the same few individuals,making career progress more difficult.And how easily would a25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a 125-year-oldboss?AII of the following are possible effects living longer might have onworking life E X C E P T.A、Communication between employers and employees would bemore difficult.B、More money would be used by employees in payment of theiremployees.C、The job market would be more competitive.D、It would be more difficult for young people to be promoted to toppositions.【正确答案】B【答案解析】对照原文第九自然段On the other hand,morepeople working for longer would create greater competition forjobs.排除选项 C；It would make it more difficult for youngerpeople to find a job.排除选项 D；And how easily would a25-year-old employee be able to communicate with a125-year-old boss?排除选项A；答案是B。第9题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第10题【单选题】If they want to,that/s fine with me.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第11题【单选题】Friend is better than fortune.Friend is worse than poison in some1.The above two statements are opposite and seem to beunreasonable but they can be explained 2:the latter implies allevil friends who lead us astray;the former 3 all good friends whodrive us towards good.l.conditions cases times occasions3.A.relatesB.refersC.refers toD.directs to2.A、in followB、in followingC、as followsD、as following【正确答案】C【答案解析】As follows是惯用法，意思是 如下。第12题【单选题】Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of theirresponses to the current crisis,working together and supporting oneanother through the early months of unemployment.Todays economiccrisis could well generate a similar number of couples whoserelationships have been irreparably（无法弥补地）ruined.So it is onlywhen the economy is healthy again that well begin to see just how manybroken families have been created.What can be inferred from the lastparagraph?A、A stable family is the best protection against poverty.B、Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage.C、Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships.D、The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o推理判断题。最后一段指出，目前的经济危机极有可能会使得这些家庭分崩离析，无法弥补。唯有等到经济再次稳健之后我们才能发现多少家庭在此过程中支离破碎。由此可见，经济的复苏将会见证更高的离婚率，故答案为Do C很少有夫妻能够经受得起经济危机的考验”属于过度推断，可以排除。A和B文章皆未提及。第13题【单选题】During the days,he worked as a servant at the Browns.A、followedB、followingC、to followD、that followed【正确答案】D【答案解析】that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。第 14题【单选题】Those attacks can range from indiscriminate viruses to corporate spyingand efforts to gain data from banksA、sensibleB、senseC、sensitiveD、sensibly【正确答案】C【答案解析】相关句子部分的意思是：从银行、信用卡公司或个人获得敏感的数据。四个选项的意思分别为：明智的；感觉；敏感的；容易感知地。第 15题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的;肤浅的；shallow浅的；肤浅的。第 16题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A、temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根 本 的;essential基本的；本质的。第 17题【单选题】The hurricane was incredibly devastating and left thousands homeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第18题【单选题】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certainelements of writing：a word,a phrase,an idea,a sound,or a grammaticalconstruction.We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternateheavy and light beats in music.Our love for rhythm seems to be innate:witness the responses of a small child to lively music.Children love tobeat on toy drums or empty boxes.They stamp their feet and chantnursery rhymes or nonsense syllables,not unlike primitive dancers.Aschildren grow older,they are taught to restrain their responses torhythm,but our love of rhythm remains.We live in rhythms;in fact weare governed by rhythms.According to the passage,an adult/s reaction torhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。该题的解题依据在本段结尾部分“Aschildren grow older,they are taught to restrain their responsesto rhythm.，。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大，大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反应，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反应，更可能受到抑制。第19题【单选题】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives towardaggression in the human species.Natural impulses of anger,hostility,andterritoriality（守卫地盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence.These are all qualities that humans share with animals.Aggression is akind of innate（天 生 的）survival mechanism,an instinct forself-preservation,that allows animals to defend themselves from threatsto their existence.But,on the other hand,human violence showsevidence of being a learned behavior.In the case of human aggression,violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct.The many expressionsof human violence are always conditioned by social conventions thatgive shape to aggressive behavior.In human societies violence has asocial function:It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of socialorder.Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing thepowers of violence.We will look at the ritual and ethical（道德上的）patterns within which human violence has been directed.Humanviolence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in t hat.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned behavior。可以知道本题的答案应该就在本段的后面部分。接下来的第二句话即说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of humanviolence are always conditioned by social conventions that giveshape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第20题【单选题】He was very busy yesterday；otherwise,he to the meeting.A、would comeB、cameC、would have comeD、will come【正确答案】C【答案解析】otherwise经常可以搭配虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反。第21题【单选题】You will find that,your roommate will turn out to be your bestfriend.A、all in allB、for the most partC、in the long runD in the end【正确答案】C【答案解析】all in all整体而言。for the most part在很大程度上。in the long run从长远来看。in the end最终。第22题【单选题】They will get the preparation done early in May.A、他们五月初就能让别人准备完工作。B、他们五月初就能准备好工作。C、他们早在五月份就能把准备工作做完。D、他们五月初就能把准备工作做完。【正确答案】D【答案解析】首先需要注意early in May表示“五月初的意思,选 项A“让别人准备完这种表达是不准确的；此 外get thepreparation done表示的是“把准备工作做完，选 项B的表达不是很准确。第23题【单选题】The heat was so from the fire that the firemen could not enterthe building.A、intenseB、tenseC、intensiveD、violent【正确答案】A【答案解析】intense强烈的/挚热的。tense紧张的。intensive深入的/细致的。violent暴力的。第24题【单选题】Two little boys in particular caught our attentionA、两个小男孩特别注意我们。团B、两个特别的小男孩子尤其引起我们的注意。C、两个穿着特别的小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。回D、两个小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。【正确答案】D第25题【单选题】Those attacks can range from indiscriminate viruses to corporate spyingand efforts to gain data from banksA、sensibleB、senseC、sensitiveD、sensibly【正确答案】C【答案解析】相关句子部分的意思是：从银行、信用卡公司或个人获得敏感的数据。四个选项的意思分别为：明智的;感觉；敏感的；容易感知地。第26题【单选题】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed.Strongunions keep them there.In Fleet Street,home of some of Londonsbiggest dailies,it is understood that when two unions quarrel over threejobs the argument is settled by giving each union two.That means 33per cent over manning,33 per cent less productivity than could beobtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities ariseamong British unionsA、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions w川 try to increase productivity.【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者.there are more men thanare needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs,theargument is settled by giving each union two”,接下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着33 per cent over manning,33per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第27题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的;肤浅的；shallow浅的；肤浅的。第28题【单选题】The ambassador was a skillful English-speaking diplomat.A、这位大使是个英语讲得很熟练的外交家。B、这位大使是个精通英语的外交家。C、这位大使会讲英语，外交技能很娴熟。D、这位大使是个能讲英语的干练的外交家。【正确答案】D第29题【单选题】A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want.A、最后，哈丁斯好像需要一个借口。B、哈丁斯可能不需要任何借口。C、最后，哈丁斯可能想要的那个东西就是借口。D、借口好像是哈丁斯想要的最后的东西。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。that Hastings was likely to want是一个that引导的定语从句，是对the last thing的修饰。而且在本题中特别需要注意的是不能直接根据句子翻译为：最后需要的东西，句子表达的是一种否定的含义，最后才需要的也就是说他可能不需要任何借口。因此本题答案为B。第30题【单选题】The delta and narrow Nile Valley to the south make up only 3 percent ofEgypts land but are home to 96 percent of her population.A、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷组成了埃及土地的百分之三,却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。B、三角洲和通向南边的狭窄的尼罗河河谷组成了埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。C、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。D、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，但却是百分之九十六的人口的家园。【正确答案】C【答案解析】are home to.若译作“是 的家，则不顺，所以把名词改为动词，译作“住在这里。第31题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、grant【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第32题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be the social problem in this areaand may undermine social stability.A、prevalentB、primitiveC、previousD、premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent“普遍的，流行的。根据题意，正确答案应选A。第33题【单选题】This is how a rocket works.It is not made of rubber like a balloon,ofcourse.It is made of metal.The metal must not be heavy but it must bevery strong.There is gas inside the rocket which is made very hot.Whenit rushes out of the end of the rocket,the rocket is pushed up into the air.A rocket is pushed up into the air when.A、hot gas rushes out of its headB、it is powered by gasC、hot gas rushes out of its bottomD、hot gas rushes out of its neck【正确答案】C【答案解析】请看到最后一句话When it rushes out of theend of the rocket.第34题【单选题】It is amusing that she her fathers bad temper as well as hermother/s good looks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD、maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C和D选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句意来看只有A符合题意。inherit经遗传而得（性格、特征等）”。第35题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughter.A、checkB、keepC、stopD、retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】hold back抑制，控制。check克 制,抑 制（做某事或表露感情）。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第36题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、gra nt【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第37题【单选题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.Theyworked until exhausted,lived with few protections and died young.Inthe West,before mass communication and literacy,the most powerfulmass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers that theirsouls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms.Given all this,they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Theword“bummer”(Line 5,paragraph 5)most probably meanss o m e t h in g.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解题。本段第1 句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(suirounded by reminders of misery)o 段落最后一句话：given all this,they did not need their art to be a bummertoo.此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除第1 句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因此this指的是段首句内容，“在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一个bummer”,由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B 符合要求。第38题【单选题】I couldn/t have got to the meeting on time an earlier train.A、if I had not caughtB、unless I had caughtC、if I did not catchD、unless I caught【正确答案】B【答案解析】if.not和 unless有时可以互相替换，但也有不能互相替换的时候。unless用于这样的句子，即“如果A 不受阻于 B,A 将发生”,MJO He will accept the job if the salary isnot too low/unless the salary is too low.第 39题【单选题】H