2021年9月北京物资学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年9月北京物资学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、grant【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第2题【单选题】The acid rain is said to be caused by pollution from oil wells in the Gulf ofMexico.Car exhaust gases are also a problem.Local volcanic eruptionsmake the problem even worse.Nevertheless,with enough money andeffort,researchers say that many of the problems could be solved andthe rate of erosion r e d u c e d _.A、The problem,however,is not just a European one.B、That is enough to have caused some of the ancient carvings tobecome seriously damaged already.C、However,the Mexican government does not have enough moneyto do the work,and needs to spend what money it has on the Mexicanpeople.D、Acid rain is how a familiar problem in the industrialized countriesin Europe.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 前文提到完成这项工作需要很多的钱，答案转折说到了墨西哥没有这么多的钱去做。两句之间有隐含的逻辑关系。第3题【单选题】Mans life is。代en compared a candle.A、asB forC withD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】be compared to：.被比喻为。句意：人生常被喻为蜡烛。答案选D。第4题【单选题】Alice,you feed the bird t o d a y,?But I fed it yesterday.A、do youB、will youC、didntD、dont you【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句是祈使句。祈使句并非都无主语，为了加强语气，指明向谁提出请求或命令，引起听话者的注意时，可说出主语。所以正确答案是B。第5题【单选题】They were,by and large,a very wealthy,privileged elite.A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正确答案】C【答案解析】elite n.精英；精华；中坚分子。第6题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it 为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第7题【单选题】popular belief,the ostrich does not hide its head in sand whenfrightened;it runs away.A、As toB、Opposite toC、Due toD、Contrary to【正确答案】D【答案解析】As to关于。Opposite to对立/对面（方位/身份/性别）。Due to因为。Contrary to违反/反对（观点/态度）。第8题【单选题】He was involved working out a plan.A withB inC aboutD、for【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：他专心致志地制订计划。be involved in：牵涉，涉及到，答案选B o第9题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第10题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A rangeB restrictC gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles集合，聚 集;装配;收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第11题【单选题】The car honked at me until I fastened my seat belt.A、汽车向我发出嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C、汽车在我系上安全带之前发出嘟嘟的声音。D、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bountil在否定句中表示的意思是“直到才”；在肯定句中等于before；本句的意思是：汽车一直嘟嘟地响，直到我系上安全带才停下来。翻译的时候要体现连词until表示的意思，所以比较恰当的用法应该是B项。A项虽然有“直到的意思，但是表达方式不符合汉语习惯，意思模糊不清。第12题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in appearancebut also in character.A、resembleB、assimilateC、followD、reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与 相像。resemble像，相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第13题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是“许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫；此外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第14题【单选题】If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors asArthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor,it will not surprise you to learn thattravel writing has a long and venerable history.Almost from the earliestannals of recorded time individuals have found ready audiences for theiraccounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.This passage is mostlyabout.A、why people find travel writing excitingB、the literary style of three early travel writersC、where three early travel writers went and wrote aboutD、how to write a travel book【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 主旨题。联系第一自然段和每段首句知道，本文讲了三个作家，锁定答案B 和 C,结合内容，文章主要讲关于他们的旅行和作品。第 15题【单选题】Belts of parklands line three sides of the area and four large opensquares of lawns and trees break the regularity of the city buildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一种语言里就会显得多余了。第 16题【单选题】The of my paper on animal communication includes a book onwhale songs.A、biographyB、prefaceC、introductionD、bibliography【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：我那篇有关动物交际的论文的参考书目中包括一本关于鲸语言的书。bibliography意为“书目；作品目录；biography意为 传记；preface意为“序言,前言,开场白；introduction意为“导言,开场白。第17题【单选题】Ignoring the chair offered him,Chu Teh stood squarely before this youthmore than ten years his junior and in a level voice told him who he was.A、朱德没有接过递给他的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的青年面前，平静地向他讲述自己的身份 B、朱德顾不得拉过来的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的青年面前，用平稳的语调说明自己的身份 C、顾不得拉过来的椅子，朱德端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的青年面前，平静地向他讲述自己的身份 D、朱德不理睬递过来的椅子，端端正正地站在这个比他年轻十几岁的青年面前，用平稳的语调告诉他自己是谁【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题考查的知识点为代词。英语有时在句子里先出代词，然后再出它所指的人或物。汉语一般总是先出实词，然后才出代词。第18题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】com fort使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第19题【单选题】You consider that you cant find your place in your own country,so yourisk the comfortable but modest life with your parents and you goabroad.Maybe there will be moments when you cant stand theloneliness anymore,the strangers around you,or your job.But youremember nobody made you take that decision,so you take a deepbreath,and you go on,as you are the only one to be blamed.When youare lonely in a foreign country,you s houl d.A、change your decisionB、blame your parents for itC、stick to your decision and go onD、make more friends【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 根据文章本段中But you remembernobody made you take that decision,so you take a deep breath,and you go on.可知答案。作者认为你出国后可能会面临各种困难，面对周围的陌生人、工作，你可能会感到孤独，但是仔细想想这个决定是你自己做的，于是你不得不深呼吸，然后继续。第20题【单选题】If someone asked you,What color is the sky?l expect that you wouldanswer,Blue.I am afraid that you would be wrong.The sky has nocolor.When we see blue,we are looking at blue sunlight.The sunlight isshining on little bits of dust in the air.We know that there is air allaround the world.We could not breathe without air.Airplanes could notfly without air.They need air to lift their wings.Airplanes cannot fly veryhigh because as they go higher the air gets thinner.If we go far enoughaway from the earth,we find there is no air.When an airplane flies toohi g h,.A、the air will be too thin to support its wings.B、the air will become thicker.C、the air will exert pressure on itD、the air will disappear in no time【正确答案】A【答案解析1文章第二段第三句Airplanes cannot fly very highbecause as they go higher the air gets thinner.,因此对照答案为A o第21题【单选题】The wonderful time they had been looking forward at last.A to arriveB to arrivedC to arrivingD、should arrive【正确答案】B 答案解析 此题主语为the wonderful tim e,后面they havebeen looking forward t o为定语从句，分析句子结构，找出句子的主干The wonderful time arrived at last,不难发现正确答案应为B o第22题【单选题】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business.He had a beautiful home and wonderful family,but realized his fatherwas very old,and thought perhaps he should go to him.He had not seenhim since that graduation day.Before he could make arrangements tosee his father,he received a telegram telling him his father had passedaway,and willed all of his possessions to his son.He needed to comehome immediately and take care things.When he arrived at his fathershouse,sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young manarrived home,he fel t.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第23题【单选题】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hidethe fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe.Studies by theCouncil of Europe,of which 21 counties are members,have shown that45 per cent of reptile（爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterfliesare in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe haveindicated t hat.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe thanelsewhere.D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D 是正确的答案。第24题【单选题】Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of themicroscope public,it is already on sale.It is currently the size of arefrigerator and takes several minutes to scan a circuit,but Xiao andSchrag are wo r k i n g.A、to take tiny chips we requireB、to making chips any smallerC to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanningtime to 30 secondsD、of conducting electricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了对比。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大，而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大，把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第25题【单选题】John knocked at the door for nearly five minutes his wife openedit.A whenB beforeC untilD、while【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查连词。句意为：他的妻子过了近五分钟才开门。before表示过了多久.才。第26题【单选题】The opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is,I think,themain attraction of a bookshop.There are not many places where it ispossible to do this.A music shop is very much like a bookshop.You cango to such places as much as you wish.If it is a good shop,no assistantwill approach you with the greeting:Can I help you,sir?”You needntbuy anything you dont want.In a bookshop,an assistant should remainin the background until you have finished reading.You may want to findout where a particular section is.Then,and only then,are his servicesnecessary.But when he has led you there,the assistant should leavepolitely and look as if he is not interested in selling a single book.According to the author,the best way to escape the realities of everydaylife is.A、to chat with assistants in a bookshopB、to take a walk in the streetsC、to make some appointment in a bookshopD、to stay reading books of various kinds in a bookshop【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案应该在本段中找The opportunity to escapethe realities of everyday life is,I think,the main attraction of abookshop.利用这样的机会逃避庸常的现实生活是书店的主要吸引人之处。第27题【单选题】today,would we be able to get there by TuesdayA、Were we leavingB、If we leaveC、Would we leaveD、Were we to leave【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据句意，从句中说的事情尚未发生，所以是对将来的假设，所以可以用were to do sth的形式。同时，if可以省略，were可以提前，构成倒装句，所以答案是D。第28题【单选题】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed.Strongunions keep them there.In Fleet Street,home of some of Londonsbiggest dailies,it is understood that when two unions quarrel over threejobs the argument is settled by giving each union two.That means 33per cent over manning,33 per cent less productivity than could beobtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities ariseamong British unionsA、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者.there are more men thanare needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs,theargument is settled by giving each union two”,接下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着33 per cent over manning,33per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第29题【单选题】They will get the preparation done early in May.A、他们五月初就能让别人准备完工作。B、他们五月初就能准备好工作。C、他们早在五月份就能把准备工作做完。D、他们五月初就能把准备工作做完。【正确答案】D【答案解析】首先需要注意early in May表示 五月初 的意思,选 项 A“让别人准备完这种表达是不准确的；此 外 get thepreparation done表示的是“把准备工作做完，选项B 的表达不是很准确。第30题【单选题】Has Mr.White arrived?Yes,a lr e a d y.h e wait outside or justcome in?A、ShallB、MayC、CouldD、Must【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查情态动词辨析。当主语为第三人称时情态动词shall表示征求对方的许可。第31题【单选题】S mo k i n g,i s a bad habit,is,however,popular.A、thatB、whichC、itD、though【正确答案】B【答案解析】which is a bad habit非限制性定语从句。第32题【单选题】Let/s the bird from the case.团A、liberateB putC setD、free【正确答案】D【答案解析】句意：咱们把鸟从笼子里放了吧。free意为“使自由;释放”，常与from连 用;liberate意为 释放；put不能和from连用；set后面接from的时候还要加free,即set freefrom.第33题【单选题】During the days,he worked as a servant at the Browns.A、followedB、followingC to followD、that followed【正确答案】D【答案解析】that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语。第34题【单选题】The heat was so from the fire that the firemen could not enterthe building.A、intenseB tenseC、intensiveD、violent【正确答案】A【答案解析】intense强烈的/挚热的。tense紧张的。intensive深入的/细致的。violent暴力的。第35题【单选题】men have learned much from the behaviour of animals ishardly new.A、ThatB、WhetherC、WhereD、When【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案为A,是由that引导的主语从句。第36题【单选题】Between the two roads a TV tower called“Skyscraper Tower.A、standsB、standingC、which standsD、stand【正确答案】A【答案解析】aTV tower是这句话的主语，这是个倒装句，所以谓语动词要用单数形式。第37题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，“country并不是“国家，而是指“农村。第38题【单选题】Mobile phones should carry a label if they proved to be a dangeroussource of radiation,according to Robert Bell,a scientist.And no moremobile phone transmitter towers（发射塔）should be built until thelong-term health effects of the radiation they emit（放 射）isscientifically evaluated,he said.Nobody/s going to drop dead overnightbut we should be asking for more scientific information,Robert Bell saidat a conference on the health effects of low-level radiation.If mobilephones are found to be dangerous,they should carry a warning labeluntil proper shields can be devised,he said.According to Robert Bell,ifmobile phones prove to be dangerous to peoples healthA、they should be banned immediately.B、the use of them should be restricted.C、all transmitter towers should be torn down.D、a warning label should be attached.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段的第一句话告诉我们：被证实有辐射危险的手机应该带着标签。因此答案是A。第39题【单选题】Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest maybe this:artists-only job is to explore emotions,and yet they choose tofocus on the ones that feel bad.This wasnt always so.The earliest formsof art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere from the 19th century onward,more artists beganseeing happiness as meaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring,as wewent from Wordsworths daffodils to Baudelaires flowers of evil.By citingthe examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire,the author intendsto show t hat.A、poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicB、art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC、poets today are less skeptical of happinessD、artists have changed their focus of interest【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o事实细节题。根据题干信息我们定位到第2段，该段可以分成两部分：第一部分是前两句，事实并非一直这样（艺术家将焦点投向消极的情感），最早的艺术形式是最适合表达快乐的；第二部分提到了华兹华斯的 水仙花和波德莱尔的 恶之花为例。按照议论文的论点论据的关系特点，首先提出论点然后以论据论证这个观点的正确性。本题举例部分为第2段 第3句 中as引导的时间状语从句，该句主句部分以及上文第2句就是论点所在。第3句句首but 一词暗示了“改变。D是论点的概括。第40题【单选题】This is rather for your father to decide than for you.A、这是你父亲的决定而不是你的决定。B、这取决于你父亲的决定而你不该决定。C、这件事情得由你父亲决定而不是你来决定。D、这并不是为你而是为你的父亲才这样决定的。【正确答案】C第41题【单选题】People suspected that“Lucky”,