2021年3月黑龙江哈尔滨医科大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年 3 月黑龙江哈尔滨医科大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Many things make people think artists are weird.But the weirdest maybe this:artists-only job is to explore emotions,and yet they choose tofocus on the ones that feel bad.This wasn/t always so.The earliest formsof art,like painting and music,are those best suited for expressing joy.But somewhere from the 19th century onward,more artists beganseeing happiness as meaningless,phony or,worst of all,boring,as wewent from Wordsworths daffodils to Baudelaire/s flowers of evil.By citingthe examples of poets Wordsworth and Baudelaire,the author intendsto show t hat.A、poetry is not as expressive of joy as painting or musicB、art grows out of both positive and negative feelingsC、poets today are less skeptical of happinessD artists have changed their focus of interest【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o事实细节题。根据题干信息我们定位到第2段，该段可以分成两部分：第一部分是前两句，事实并非一直这样（艺术家将焦点投向消极的情感），最早的艺术形式是最适合表达快乐的；第二部分提到了华兹华斯的 水仙花和波德莱尔的 恶之花为例。按照议论文的论点论据的关系特点，首先提出论点然后以论据论证这个观点的正确性。本题举例部分为第2 段 第 3 句 中 a s引导的时间状语从句，该句主句部分以及上文第2 句就是论点所在。第 3句句首but一词暗示了“改变。D 是论点的概括。第2题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A、ampleB、assiduousC affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】absen t缺少的；deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第3题【单选题】It is amusing that she her fathers bad temper as well as hermothers good looks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD、maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C 和 D 选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句意来看只有A 符合题意。inherit“经遗传而得（性格、特征等）。第4题【单选题】On October 19,1911,Amundsen set out from his base in Bay of Whales,Antarctica,with four companions（同伴）,52 dogs and four sleds.Hissuccess in reaching the South Pole was aided by careful planning.His useof sled dogs to carry supplies also helped.Amundsen and his men,alongwith 11 surviving dogs,made it back to the base on January 25,1912,quicker than expected.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Came up with the idea of reaching the South PoleB、An important race on Amundsens way to his polar career in theearly stageC Armed to the teeth,Amundsen finished his trip to the South PoleD、Amundsen got a great achievement in the field of polar expedition100 years ago【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 此段主要讲述了 Amundsen出行的状况及整个过程，包括对他一行成员的交代、设备的介绍、过程的简单介绍以及结果。完整讲述了他登陆南极的情况。第5题【单选题】Cohen doesnt worry much about students using their courses for evilA、thinksB、advicesC、suggestionsD、purposes【正确答案】D【答案解析】Cohen并没有对学生利用该课程实施恶意行为有太多担心。Think：想，认 为;advice：建 议;suggestion：建议；purpose：目的，意图。第6题【单选题】So difficult it to live in an English speaking country that Idetermined to learn English.A I have feltB have I feltC、I did feelD、did I feel【正确答案】D【答案解析】以“so+形容词副词开头的句子要倒装。这句话的意思是“在一个说英语的国家里生活那么困难，我决定学习英语。第7题【单选题】Many species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓;B、发源C、器官D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发源；发 生;起 航。第8题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sothat we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时一，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥,以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本句虽然用了连词w hile,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因此w hile可译为“虽然。此句中 的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥 。第9题【单选题】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hidethe fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe.Studies by theCouncil of Europe,of which 21 counties are members,have shown that45 per cent of reptile（爬行类的）species and 24 per cent of butterfliesare in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe haveindicated t hat.A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain.B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out.C、there are fewer species of reptiles and butterflies in Europe thanelsewhere.D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本段的第二个句子是这么说的：有21个国家组成的欧洲委员会的研究表明，45%的爬行动物和24%的蝴蝶濒临灭绝。由此可见，D 是正确的答案。第10题【单选题】A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control ofinsects is available.A、除了对昆虫的化学控制外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。C、在对昆虫的化学控制方法外，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。D、在用化学方法控制昆虫方面，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为名词短语。thechemical control of insects不要译作“对昆虫的化学控制”，这样译太费解。把这个名词短语译作动宾结构，可译作 用化学方法控制昆虫。第11题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是C。第12题【单选题】The black robin is one of the worlds rarest birds.It is a small,wild bird,and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere,off the coast of NewZealand.In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there;in 1977 therewere fewer than ten.A、These are the only black robins left in the world.B、Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C、Both represent orders in the classification of life.D、Detailed studies are going on,and a public appeal for money hasbeen made.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。前文说的是The black robin（旅鹑）的现存数量和活动地点。选项A 说的是这里成为有The blackrobin的唯一的地方。所以，选项A 是合适的选项。第13题【单选题】A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control ofinsects is available.A、除了对昆虫的化学控制外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。C、在对昆虫的化学控制方法外，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。D、在用化学方法控制昆虫方面，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为名词短语。thechemical control of insects不要译作“对昆虫的化学控制”，这样译太费解。把这个名词短语译作动宾结构，可译作“用化学方法控制昆虫。第14题【单选题】The benefit of it would compensate danger.A、补偿B、支持C、惊奇D、允许【正确答案】A【答案解析】compensate v t.补 偿,赔 偿;付 报 酬。第 15题【单选题】We admire her for entering a famous university.A honorB appreciateC prizeD、admit【正确答案】B【答案解析】adm ire钦佩；赞美；appreciate欣赏。第 16题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A rangeB restrictC gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles集合，聚集;装配;收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第 17题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、grant【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第18题【单选题】He wanted to look for occupation suited to his abilities.A、employmentB、psychologyC speciesD、majority【正确答案】A【答案解析】occupation职业；employment职业；雇用。第19题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第20题【单选题】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current bymeasuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an objectand.A、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB、to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magneticfieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraftto banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing thedensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object；另个就是converting the information into.,即：通过测量一个物体的磁场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第21题【单选题】Kitty talks as if she on the spot.A、isB wereC has beenD、be【正确答案】B【答案解析】on the spot：在现场。根据句意，这句话应该用虚拟语气来表达，所以用一般过去时来表示对现在的虚拟。第22题【单选题】He suggested the person referred put into prison.A、isB、beC、to beD、should be【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。referred t o过去分词作定语，be putinto prison是宾语从句的谓语部分。学生由于粗心，容易误选B或者D。第23题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下,而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，country并不是“国家，而是指 农村。第24题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A tamedB regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第25题【单选题】The typical person living alone is neither old nor l one l y.Themajority of these people have chosen to live alone.They are respondingto decreasing social pressure to get married and have a family.A、This is a dramatic change from the extended families of just acouple of generations ago.B The growing number of women with good jobs has done much toincrease the number of people living alone.C、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.D、In fact,a quarter of the 23 million single people in the U.S.areunder the age of 35.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格后句中出现代词“these people,而空格前句出现的人是单数形式，因此判断空格处应该出现表意复数的人，从而与these people相呼应。而且空格前句提到了 年龄（old）”,所以判断D 是答案，a quarter of the 23million single people是复数名词,而且D 中提到了年龄（35岁以下）。第26题【单选题】What might for this strange phenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD、account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第 27题阅读理解Text 2 Philip Hammonds decision,announced in Mondays budget,to introduce a digital services tax is a brave and welcome step into theunknown.It makes Britain the second country,after Spain,to attempt toharness the greed of the tech giants and use the moola for socialpurposes.There is no serious doubt that the giant American advertisingcompanies that own the social media,along with Apple and Amazon,whose business model is rather different,use some remarkably creativeaccounting to ensure they pay as little tax as possible in the countrieswhere they operate.Facebook is the most notorious example in the UK,reporting a profit margin of less than 5 percent on revenues here,whenits global average profits are closer to 50 percentof revenue.Bytaxing revenue,rather than profits,Mr Hammond hopes to render thatkind of accounting pointless.Governments have historically competedagainst one another to host the big companies by offering them thelowest possible taxes on profits.In Europe Ireland and Luxembourg havebeen particularly creative in this regard.The proposed tax sidesteps that.Unlike profits,revenues are a measure that the big companies haveevery incentive to boost.Many of them made no profits for years whileworking to gain their monopoly positions.Tax avoidance isembedded in the values of large parts of Silicon Valley:most of what itcalls“disruption“is an attempt to escape tax as well as regulation and toextend the attitudes of the gig economy to every kind of transaction.Themost recent and perhaps the most shameless example of this is Grabr,aSan Francisco company that puts buyers in high-tax countries in touchwith people prepared to convey gadgets to them from low-tax countries.Such schemes are a direct assault on one of the core powers of a nationstate.If data is the new oil,as is often argued,then the personaldata that these companies exploits should be treated as the property ofcitizens which the state is entitled to tax for our collective benefit.Oil isstill taxed much more heavily than data will be under any foreseeableversion of the present proposals.In the long term,then,taxes on theexploitation and refinement of personal data will have to rise.Forthe moment the shape and details of the proposed tax are all unclear.MrHammond is up against one of the largest and best-funded lobby groupsin the world.Sir Nick Clegg,at Facebook,will be busy all this year tryingto water down down this plan.He must not succeed.A licence to printmoney should not be a licence to avoid tax.A、services.B、earnings.C、transactions.D、measures【正确答案】BA、involves different accounting methods.B、falls in step with accounting practices.C、dismisses modest profits as irrelevant.D、helps companies control their monopoly.【正确答案】AA、conceited.B、tolerant.C、sympathetic.D、critical.【正确答案】DA、personal data protection must be secured at all costs.B、the state asserts its right to raise revenue for the public good.C、taxing oil cannot contribute to the adequate well-being.D、opinions about taxing tech are divided along political lines.【正确答案】BA、shameful and controversial.B、bold but pointless.C、fair and necessary.D、inevitable but rewarding.【正确答案】C第28题【单选题】They are familiar with the opinion all matter consists of atoms.A whichB asC thatD、what【正确答案】C【答案解析】空格后面是news的同位语从句，解释说明news的具体内容。所以只能用that引导。第29题【单选题】When shall we meet again?Make it day you like;its all thesame to me.A、oneB anyC、anotherD、some【正确答案】B【答案解析】any day指“任意选择的一天，故正确答案为B。第30题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles集合，聚集;装配;收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第31题【单选题】Father made a promise I passed the examination he would buyme a computer.A、thatB、that ifC、ifD、whether【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题答案为Bo that引导同位语从句作promise的同位语，if在同位语从句之中引导条件状语从句。第32题【单选题】leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.A、AnyoneB、The personC、WhoeverD、Who【正确答案】C【答案解析】whoever的意思为“任何人，无论谁，相当于the person who 或 anyone who。第33题【单选题】Of the making of good books there is no end;neither any endto their influence on mans lives.A there isB there areC、is thereD、are there【正确答案】C【答案解析】neither为否定副词，置于句首时，句子常用倒装语序且句式结构通常与前一句保持一致。第34题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A、liberalB、responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r有 责任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第35题【单选题】In 1841,a book was published which astonished the world.It was called“Incidents of Travel in Central America,Chiapas and Yucatan”.The authorJohn Loud Stephens had just returned from a long,difficult anddangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico andGuatemala.He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood,anarchitect and artist,to search for the remains of a lost civilization knownas the Mayas（玛雅）.Very little was known about the Mayas at that time,but Catherwood/s drawing in the book showed incredible cities withtemples,pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of theirnorthern neighbors,the Aztecs.These cities,however,were deserted.The inhabitants（居 民）had disappeared almost a thousand yearsbefore.Stephen/s book astonished the world b e c a u s e.A、it was the first time people heard about Mayas.B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers.C、he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization.D、it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished,把本问题定位在第一句 In 1841,a book was published which astonishedthe world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概括就得出正确答案：D o第36题【单选题】He was so angry at all she was doing he walked out.A what,thatB that,thatC、that,whichD、what,as【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题关键短语be angry at sth.因此all后的shewas doing为定语从句，修饰all。第二个空考查so.that.句型，答案应为B。第37题【单选题】This thesis