2021年7月甘肃兰州大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年7月甘肃兰州大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第 1 题【单选题】An interesting of the city is the old market.A、triumphB respectC、residenceD、feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】feature特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第 2 题【单选题】Egyptian agriculture has been transformed,and industry is benefitingfrom power generated by the dam.A、埃及的农业得到了改进，工业正从水坝发出的电力得到好处。B、埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发出的电力。C、埃及的农业已经发生了变化，工业也用上了水坝发出的电力。D、埃及的农业已经发生了改变，工业也从水坝发出的电力中获利。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意is benefiting from”的翻译，最佳答案是B。第3题【单选题】I have bought two b a llp e n s,w r it e s well.A、none of themB、neither of themC、neither of whichD、none of which【正确答案】D【答案解析】因 为 是two ballpens,并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念.因此，C是正确选项.第4题【单选题】Cheese is really a good lure for mice.A、许可，准许B、诱惑C、要求，渴望D、焦点【正确答案】B【答案解析】lure n.诱惑；饵；诱惑物。第5题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B nothing but表示 只的意思。第6题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制,约束。参考课文:为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第7题【单选题】Shortly after the accident,tw o police were sent to the spot tokeep order.A、dozens ofB、dozensC、dozen ofD、dozen【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中一些表示数字的名词的前面如果用了数词，这些名词必须是单数形式，如dozen（一打），score（二十）和head（头）等。但是如果这些名词用来指某些可数名词时，这些名词呈复数形式，其后应加上介词of。第8题【单选题】Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of theirresponses to the current crisis,working together and supporting oneanother through the early months of unemployment.Todays economiccrisis could well generate a similar number of couples whoserelationships have been irreparably（无法弥未卜地）ruined.So it is onlywhen the economy is healthy again that well begin to see just how manybroken families have been created.What can be inferred from the lastparagraph?A、A stable family is the best protection against poverty.B、Money is the foundation of many a happy marriage.C、Few couples can stand the test of economic hardships.D、The economic recovery will see a higher divorce rate.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o推理判断题。最后一段指出，目前的经济危机极有可能会使得这些家庭分崩离析，无法弥补。唯有等到经济再次稳健之后我们才能发现多少家庭在此过程中支离破碎。由此可见，经济的复苏将会见证更高的离婚率，故答案为Do C很少有夫妻能够经受得起经济危机的考验属于过度推断，可以排除。A和B文章皆未提及。第9题【单选题】The pair of legs that carried him rickety,and there was a bias in his gaitwhich inclined him somewhat to the left of a straight line.A、支着他的两条腿老是摇摇晃晃的，他走路的姿势里，又总有一种倾斜的趋势，使他或多或少地往一条直线的左边歪。B、他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路的步法又总是倾斜着，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。C、支着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点往一条直线的左边歪。D、支撑着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题考查的知识点为选词。文学作品语言生动，其中选词是一个重要方面。动 词carry有许多含义。此处译文具体化，译作“支着。第10题【单选题】We welcome rain,but a(a n)l a r g e amount of rainfall will causefloods.A、extensivelyB、extremelyC、speciallyD、constantly【正确答案】B【答案解析】extensively广泛的/渊博的。extremely极度的。specially特别的/与众不同的。constantly反复的/恒定的。第 11题阅读理解Bill Clinton likes to boast that Americas economy is in its best shape for30 years.In many ways he is right:the expansion has hummed along formore than six years,inflation is low,and unemployment has tumbled to4.8%,a level not seen since the 1960s.(1)Yet there is one glaringdifference between today/s economy and the glory days of a generationago：saving,or rather the lack of it.(2)Last year Americans put only 4.3%of their disposable income in the piggy bank,just about half as much astheir parents salted away in 1967.Unless this trend towards profligacy isstemmed,and preferably reversed,Americas miracle economywwill reston shaky foundations.Less obvious,however,is how to do it.Personalsaving is only one factor in Americas overall rate of thrift.Firms make acontribution through corporate saving(in fact,many economists reckonthe distinction between household and corporate saving is a ratherarbitrary one),and the government,too,plays a big role.The bigger thedeficit,the more it drags down overall savings rates.A decade ago,Americas abysmal savings rates could be explained to a large extent bygovernment profligacy.But now that the big and deficit has been tamed,and which the prospect of a balanced budget by 2002,it is time to turnattention to Americans themselves.(3)The picture is not pretty.Sincethe mid-1970s the long-trend in household saving has been downwards.R ecently it appeared that this picture might be changing:personal savingrates in the mid-1990s appeared flat,or even on a slightly upward trend.(4)But the latest big revision to the statistics,published by theCommerce Department at the end of July,told a different story.Itshowed that personal savings rates are still on a downward trend,andhave fallen particularly sharply in the past 18 months.At one level,thisrevision cheared up a bit of a mystery.(5)Economists had beensurprised at the lack of a“wealth effect：people did not seem to bespending much more,despite huge appreciation in the value of theirstock marker assets.The new statistics show much higher consumption.【正确答案】然而，当今的经济与3 0年前的辉煌时代相比有一个明显的区别，这就是储蓄，或者更确切地说是储蓄太少。【答案解析】冒号后面的语句saving,or rather the lack of it是对one glaring difference”起一个解释作用。【正确答案】去年，美国人只将其可支配收入的4.3%存了起来，差不多只有1967年他们父辈储蓄的一半。【答案解析】句中just about.in 1967是4.3%of theirdisposable income”的同位语，对其作进一步解释和强调主题。【正确答案】形势并不令人乐观。从20世纪70年代中期起，家庭储蓄一直下降。最近这种情形似乎正在变化：九十年代中期个人储蓄率表现平稳，甚至还略有上升趋势。【答 案 解 析】句 中 的this picture指的是此句的前一句since.downwards所表达的内容。冒号后的内容则是为了说明picture是如何charge的。【正确答案】但是商业部七月底公布的最新修订统计数据表明事实并非如此。【答案解析】published by.at the end of July用来修饰thelatest big revision”,作定语从句。全句主语为revision”,谓语是told,宾语是story.【正确答案】经济学家们对财富效应的缺乏感到惊讶：尽管债券资产大大升值，但是人们的消费似乎并没有因此有多大的增加。【答案解析】冒号后面的语句People did not seem.theirstock market assets.是对the lack of a wealth effect”起一个解释的作用。第12题【单选题】Water is absent in this area.A、ampleB、assiduousC、affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】absent缺 少 的;deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第13题【单选题】Many artists express their world view in their work.A、presentB、preliminaryC、neglectD、necessity【正确答案】A【答案解析】express 表达；p re se n t提出；介绍；呈现。第 14题【单选题】On behalf of all of your American guests,I wish to thank you for theincomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famousthroughout the world.A、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们的无可比拟的盛情款待表示感谢。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。B、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的闻名世界的无可比拟的盛情款待。C、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人向你们表示感谢，感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界。D、我谨代表你们所有的美国客人感谢你们的无可比拟的盛情款待。中国人民以这种盛情款待而闻名世界，果然名不虚传。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 本题考查的知识点为句子结构。这一句较长，先说“向你们表示感谢“，停顿一下，再说“感谢你们的 ”,而不直接说“感谢你们的”。第 15题【单选题】What might for this strange phenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD、account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第16题【单选题】R hythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certainelements of writing：a word,a phrase,an idea,a sound,or a grammaticalconstruction.We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternateheavy and light beats in music.Our love for rhythm seems to be innate:witness the responses of a small child to lively music.Children love tobeat on toy drums or empty boxes.They stamp their feet and chantnursery rhymes or nonsense syllables,not unlike primitive dancers.Aschildren grow older,they are taught to restrain their responses torhythm,but our love of rhythm remains.We live in rhythms;in fact weare governed by rhythms.According to the passage,an adult/s reaction torhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。该题的解题依据在本段结尾部分Aschildren grow older,they are taught to restrain their responsesto rhythm./作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大，大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反应，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反应，更可能受到抑制。第 17题【单选题】The decline in moral standards,which has long concerned social analysts,has at last the attention of average Americans.A、clarifiedB、cultivatedC、characterizedD、ca ptu red【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题的四个选项意思各不相同，但能与题句空格 后 的 名 词attention搭配并符合题意的只有一个。capture 捕获，吸 引（注意力）。根据题意，正确答案应选Do第 18题【单选题】I recognized that the sites such as Associated Content can provide afertile ground for learning how to become a better writer.I could seethat this was an open door for systematically learning some basic writingskills without paying college tuition for classes and leaving the comfort ofmy own home.In the eyes of the author,the site Associated ContentA、offers you a lot of novels to readB、is good for your becoming a writerC、asks you to study writing regularlyD、is rather expensive but convenient【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 根据本段的.can provide a fertileground for learning how to become a better writer 确定 B 答案。其余选项与原文意思不符。A 与 D 选项所表达内容在文中并未提及，可以被排除。C 选项中regularly一词并未在文中得到体现。第19题【单选题】You don/t have tome of anything.A、transformB、upsetC、spoilD、persuade【正确答案】D【答案解析】persuade说服，劝说；使某人相信；劝某人做（不做）某事。第20题【单选题】Many people,when ill,see their doctors and ask them tosomething that will make them feel better.A、describeB、prescribeC、reviseD、devise【正确答案】B【答案解析】prescribe开 处 方,开（药）根据题意，正确答案应为Bo第21题【单选题】Thirty years ago,most teenagers had bicycles,but now they arecomparatively rare._ 1 _ motor scooters are much more common._ 2 _ this may seem a sign of progress but _ 3 _ the change is notnecessarily for the better.l.At the other end On the contrary Onthe other hand In addition?.A.At first sight B.At the beginning C.In the first viewD.From the first3.A、absolutelyB、actuallyC、surelyD definitely【正确答案】B【答案解析】actually,事实上，实际上。这道题考察学生对文章的理解和对词义的掌握。作者说乍一看这是进步，但事实上不是这样，有转折之意。A,absolutely,绝对的；C,surely,的确的；D,definitely,明确地。第22题【单选题】When the whale is killed,the blubber is stripped off and boiled down,either on board ship or on shore.A、当鲸鱼被杀死之后，鲸脂被剥下来熬油，有时候是在船上进行的，有时候是在岸上进行的。B、当鲸鱼被杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行的，有的是在岸上进行的。C、鲸鱼杀死之后，鲸脂被剥下来熬油，有时候是在船上进行的，有时候是在岸上进行的。D、鲸鱼杀死之后，把鲸脂剥下来熬油，这项工作有的是在船上进行的，有的是在岸上进行的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o本题考查的知识点为被动语态。此处原文是被动语态，但译文不一定说“鲸鱼被杀死之后“，不用 被 字仍可表示被动的含义。第23题【单选题】If you keep on,youll succeed wish you success in theexaminations.A、in timeB、at one timeC、for the same timeD、sometimes【正确答案】A【答案解析】in time意为sooner or later即“早晚，终究。in time另一个意思是及时。第24题【单选题】Physiologically,we are rhythmical.We must eat,sleep,breathe,and playregularly to maintain good health.Emotionally we are rhythmical,too,for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relativedepression and exhilaration.Intellectually we are also rhythmical,for wemust have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration.Itnaturally follows then that rhythm,a fundamental aspect of our lives,must be a part of any good literary work whether poetry orprose.According to the passage,which of the following pairs of activitiesbest illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must haveperiods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这个信息，A、D 项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B 项内容是学习诗歌与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而 C 项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也不符合原文。第25题【单选题】It was 5:00 in the afternoon they arrived at the hotel.A、whenB、thatC、beforeD、since【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查定语从句。when引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语。第26题【单选题】Egypt,wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus,is the gift of the Nile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解析】wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus 是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式，其余部分作其宾语从句。第27题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论；辩论会；dispute辩论；争吵。第28题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的；机灵的，精制的；心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第29题【单选题】the few who have failed in their examination,all the otherstudents in the hall are in very high spirits.A、In spite thatB、But forC、Apart fromD、For the sake of【正确答案】C【答案解析】apart from 除 之外，只有该词组符合题意。第30题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A、dismissB、permitC、restoreD、reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】re w a rd 奖励；奖赏。第31题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论；辩论会；dispute辩论；争吵。第32题【单选题】Cost was a key in our decision.A、philosopherB、innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第33题【单选题】Spiders are not insects,as many people think,nor even nearly related tothem.A、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛并不是昆虫，甚至和昆虫一点关系都没有。B、蜘蛛并不像许多人认为的那样是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。C、正如许多人认为的那样，蜘蛛就是昆虫，和昆虫密不可分。D、蜘蛛正像许多人认为的那样不是昆虫，它和昆虫一点关系都没有。【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题需要注意as many people think,表示的是 许多人认为蜘蛛是昆虫“；此 外nor在此处表示的是否定，即“它和昆虫一点关系都没有。第34题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sothat we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥,以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C。本句虽然用了连词w hile,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因 此while可译为“虽然。此句中 的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥。第35题【单选题】His first response was to say no.L a t e r,he changed his mind.A、anyhowB、howeverC、thereforeD、moreover【正确答案】B【答案解析】anyhow无论如何。however但是。therefore因止 匕。moreover而且。第36题【单选题】Scientists are confident about the formation of coal,but they do notseem so sure when asked about oil.A、科学家们对煤的形成很有信心，但要是问到他们石油的形成,似乎就不那么确信了。B、科学家们对煤的形成很有信心，但若问到石油是怎样形成的,他们似乎就不那么有把握了。C、科学家们确知煤的形成，但要是问到他们石油的形成，似乎就不那么确信了。D、科学家们确知煤是怎样形成的，但若问到石油是怎样形成的,他们似乎就不那么有把握了。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选 D。本题考查的知识点为抽象名词。英语里有大量的抽象名词。一个动作，或一种情况，原本可以用动词或形容词来表示，但由于句子里语法的需要，必须用名词来表示，往往就用抽象名词。汉语中也有抽象名词，但远没有英语中用得多。因此翻译的时候，往往要把英语的抽象名词译成动词或形容词。本题中把抽象名词formation译成了动词。第37题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehelping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第38题【单选题】A large of the sunlight never reaches the earth while infra-redheat given off by the earth is allowed to escape freely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正确答案】B【答案解析】proportion 部分，份儿，指部分与整体的关系，如：A large proportion of the dolphins in that area willeventually die.根据题意，正确答案应为B。第39题【单选题】me to give you some advice.A、PurchaseB、EssenceC、PermitD、Bound【正确答案】C【答案解析】Permit许可；允许。第40题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第41题【单选题】This is the magazine I copied the paragraph.A、thatwhichC、from thatD、from which【正确答案】D【答案解析】copied the paragraph from the magazine.第42题【单选题】For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may,bydomestic legislation,assimilate to its own nationals any persondomiciled in that State.A、就本公约而言，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。B、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人按本国国民对待。C、为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。D、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人当作本国国民。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。fo