2021年6月湖南南华大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年6月湖南南华大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】As part of their study,the researchers used a special machine to takeaction photos of the students br a i ns.This is the same part ofthe brain that becomes active when good readers read.This activatedbrain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognizefamiliar written words quickly.A、Do you have difficulty reading in class?B、The pictures showed an increase in activity in the back of the brainon the Ie代 side.C、As part of the study,37 struggling readers received specialtutoring.D、By the end of the school year,these children could read fasterthan before.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo这一段说的是：作为研究的一部分，研究人员用一个特殊的机器拍摄学生大脑的动作照片。B说的是：照片显示左大脑后部的活动增加了。第2题【单选题】A large of the sunlight never reaches the earth while infra-redheat given off by the earth is allowed to escape freely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正确答案】B【答案解析】proportion部分,份儿，指部分与整体的关系，如：A large proportion of the dolphins in that area willeventually die.根据题意，正确答案应为B。第3题【单选题】Would you l i ke,sir?No,thanks.I have had much.A、some more orangesB、any more orangesC、some more orangeD、any more orange【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o当用委婉的语气希望得到对方肯定回答的时候，疑问句中的some不能变成any。从答语中的much可判断出前面的名词应该是不可数的。此句话的汉语意思是：一先生，还要点橙汁吗？一不了，谢谢，我已喝了很多了。第4题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第5题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的；肤浅的；shallow浅的;肤浅的。第6题【单选题】Many species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓；B、发源C、器官D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发源;发生；起航。第7题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查,质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第8题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A possiblyB roughlyC、generallyD、specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第9题【单选题】I recognize my own shortcomings.A、建立B、指望C、认识到D、推荐【正确答案】C【答案解析】recognize v t.认出，识别;承认。第10题【单选题】We admire her for entering a famous university.A、honorB、appreciateC、prizeD、admit【正确答案】B【答案解析】adm ire钦佩；赞美；appreciate欣赏。第11题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman,译成汉语可放在句首。a farcry from sth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very differentexperience from sth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。“wolf”是狼的意思，sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作 海怪比较贴切。第12题【单选题】Cost was a key in our decision.A、philosopherB、innovationC、qualityD、element【正确答案】D【答案解析】element元素；要素；原理；成分；自然环境。第13题【单选题】They were,by and large,a very wealthy,privileged elite.A、元素B、住所C、精英D、裁定【正确答案】C【答案解析】elite n.精英；精华；中坚分子。第 14题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第 15题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第16题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。B、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题考查的知识点为理解原意。lessimportant是 没有那么重要的意思，但一加上scarcely,意思就反过来了，表示“同等重要。第17题【单选题】The hurricane was incredibly devastating and left thousands homeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第18题【单选题】Cohen doesnt worry much about students using their courses for evilA、thinksB、advicesC、suggestionsD、purposes【正确答案】D【答案解析】Cohen并没有对学生利用该课程实施恶意行为有太多担心。Think：想,认为；advice：建议；suggestion：建议；purpose：目的，意图。第19题【单选题】He smiled,with the implication that he didnt believe me.A、革新B、暗指，含义C、刺激，推动D、改进【正确答案】B【答案解析】implication n.含义；暗示；牵连，卷入；可能的结果，影响。第 20题【单选题】The flood went down,leaving the village destroyed.A、mainlyB completelyC exactlyD、thoroughly【正确答案】B【答案解析】mainly主要的。completely完 全 的（强调整体性）。thoroughly彻 底 的（强调无疏漏）。第 21题【单选题】me to give you some advice.A、PurchaseB、EssenceC、PermitD、Bound【正确答案】C【答案解析】Permit许可；允许。第 22题【单选题】My little house cant compare his villa（别墅）.A、asB、fromC、withD、by【正确答案】C【答案解析】compare with：与.相比/匹敌。句意：我的小房子是无法和他的别墅相比的。答案选C第23题【单选题】What might for this strange phenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC equalD、account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第24题【单选题】I find it astonishing that John be so rude to me.Notastonishing at all.He is always rude to others.A shouldB mustC、mightD、ought to【正确答案】A【答案解析】should表示说话人吃惊的语气。意思是“竟然，居然。第25题【单选题】When and where to build the new factory yet.A、is not decidedB、are not decidedC、has not decidedD、have not decided【正确答案】A【答案解析】When and where to build the new factory 是主语,视作单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。同时这句话还要用被动语态，所以答案是A。第26题【单选题】Yesterday a street-beggar bought a lottery ticket purposelessly,him a millionaire overnight.A makingB makesC、to makeD、made【正确答案】C【答案解析】不定式作结果状语表示主语未曾预料到的结果。第27题【单选题】If they want to,thats fine with me.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第28题【单选题】Both Tom and his brother take after their father not only in appearancebut also in character.A、resembleB、assimilateC、followD、reflect【正确答案】A【答案解析】take after与.相像。resemble像.，相似。参考译文：汤姆和他兄弟不仅长相像他们父亲，性格也相似。第29题【单选题】“People disappear in that river every year/one of the policemen said tome that afternoon,half in dismay,half in frustration.A、年年都有人消失在这条河里，当天下午警察中的一个人半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。B、这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察半是沮丧，半是失意地对我说。C、“这条河里年年都有人消失，当天下午警察中的一个以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。D、“这条河里年年都要死人，当天下午一个警察以一种无可奈何的神气沮丧地对我说。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o 本题考查的知识点为成语。英语和汉语都有许多成语。汉语的成语大多由四个字组成。英译汉时，适当地使用成语，译文显得简洁、生动，可以增加文采。第30题【单选题】I failed in the final examination last term and only then theimportance of studies.A、I realizedB、I had realizedC、had I realizedD、did I realize【正确答案】D【答案解析】“only+状语放在句首时，主句用倒装语序，只把助动词、情态动词或be放在主语前。此句为一般过去时，在主语前加助动词d id,谓语动词用原形。第31题【单选题】But Ellen really became famous in 2001.Aged only 24,she was one ofonly two women who entered the Vendee Globe round the world solorace,which lasts 100 days.Despite many problems,she came second inthe race out of 24 competitors and she was given a very warm welcomewhen she returned.In the Vendee Globe race,Ellen won.A、a gold medalB、The/zBest Woman Sailor7 7 awardC、The Young Sailor of the Yearw awardD、the second place【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o细节查找题答案特点：答案一般在原文有共同或相似关键词。第32题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B 答案解析】答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句，修饰franknesso I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第33题【单选题】I found in my babys behaviour a metaphor for the new generation.Mywife and I had given him some books to examine,but he merely spitupon them.When we read to him,he did not feel comfortable.And so itis in the schools.We find that our students don/t read,that they lookdown upon reading and scold those of us who teach it.All they want todo is watch TV.After this experience with the baby,however,I havereached a conclusion:let them watch it.If television is that much moreattractive to children than books,why should we fight it?Let them watchit all they wantiFrom the passage we know that the author is.A、a doctorB、an editorC、a writerD、a teacher【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 根据本段第五句话的信息，我们会很容易地推断出作者是一位教师。这句话的原文是：We findthat our students dont read,that they look down upon readingand scold those of us who teach it.它的意思是：我们发现我们的学生不读书，瞧不起读书，而且还骂我们这些教他们读书的人。由此来看，这里的“我们指的就是当老师的这些人。第34题【单选题】The librarian recommended that the professor the newlypublished books.A、borrowB、borrowedC、should have borrowedD、borrowing【正确答案】A【答案解析】recommend：推荐，介绍。其后的宾语从句需要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形的形式，should可以省略。第35题【单选题】Physiologically,we are rhythmical.We must eat,sleep,breathe,and playregularly to maintain good health.Emotionally we are rhythmical,too,for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relativedepression and exhilaration.Intellectually we are also rhythmical,for wemust have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration.Itnaturally follows then that rhythm,a fundamental aspect of our lives,must be a part of any good literary work whether poetry orprose.According to the passage,which of the following pairs of activitiesbest illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must haveperiods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这个信息，A、D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也不符合原文。第36题【单选题】This is the reason he didnt come to the meeting.A in whichB with whichC thatD、for which【正确答案】D【答案解析】for which在定语从句中作原因状语，可用why来替代.第37题【单选题】Why didnt you buy a new carI would have bought one if Ienough money.A、hadB、have hadC、would haveD、had had【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一个had是过去完成时，第二个had表示“有 。第38题【单选题】Roxaboxen is based on the true story of a group of children,growing upin the Arizona desert.There children can be a bit wild and much free,and they play outside from dawn to dusk.The children discover themake-believe（虚假的）town,built on the hill across from theirneighborhood.The town,called Roxaboxen,becomes the center of theirplay as the children grow,but the story is not just about the time spentin Roxaboxen as young children.More than that,this book is about theway that imagination and secret places stay with us as we grow olderand become a part of who we are.It is about the way that it helps us togrow into the adults that we become.What does the book/s nameRoxaboxen refer to?A A child.B A library.C、A period of time.D、A place.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 查找细节题。短文本段中明显一句话提到，The town,called Roxaboxen,所以指的是一个地方的名字。第39题【单选题】He is about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympicsnext year.A、optimisticB、optionalC outstandingD、obvious【正确答案】A【答案解析】optimistic乐观的。optional选择的。outstanding出色的/醒目的。obvious明显的。第40题【单选题】My teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood thateverything has a name.A、我的老师和我相处了好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。B、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字以前，我的老师和我相处了好几个星期。C、老师教了我好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。D、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字之前，老师教了我好几个星期。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o本题考查before的译法。第41题【单选题】It was 5:00 in the afternoon they arrived at the hotel.A、whenB thatC beforeD、since【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查定语从句。w hen引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语。第42题【单选题】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a localrestaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment.She called to see if he was there.She said,“My husband has Alzheimers（老年旅H呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me.Numerousthoughts ran through my head.Call the police,call her family,and notify（通 矢 口 ）the doctors office she had just come from!But at first,I offeredto drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.Theelderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with AlzheimersB、the nurse in the doctors officeC、a local restaurantD、one of her family members【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中She told me her namewas Helen and she was talking to a local restaura nt.可 矢 口 答 案为C项。Helen由于担心自己丈夫安危，但又找不到人，情急之下先打电话到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第43题【单选题】In times of economic crisis,Americans turn to their families for support.If the Great Depression is any guide,we may see a drop in our skyhighdivorce rate.But this won/t necessarily represent an increase in happymarriages.In the long run,the Depression weakened American families,and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of theDepression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge joblosses.By 1932,when nearly one-quarter of the workforce wasunemployed,the divorce rate had declined by around 25%from 1929.But this doesnt mean people were suddenly happier with theirmarriages.Rather,with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs,unhappycouples often couldn/t afford to divorce.They feared neither spousecould manage alone.In the Great Depression many unhappy coupleschose to stick together b e c a u s e.A、starting a new family would be hardB、they wanted to better protect their kidsC、living separately would be too costlyD、they expected things would turn better【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。推理判断题。由题干中的和unhappycouples定位到文章第2 段最后两句。随着收入下降和工作的不稳定，不幸福的家庭承担不起离婚的费用。他们担心任何一方都无法独自生活。由此可见，在大萧条时期，即使不幸福的家庭也会选择共同生活，因为离婚的费用和独自生活的成本太高了，故答案为C。第44题【单选题】The hurricane was incredibly devastating and left thousands homeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第45题【单选题】I was told that 10:15 flight would take us to Shanghai in time toreach Fudan University.A the,/B the,aC a,theD、/,the【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。考查冠词。第一空为特指10：1 5的航班，用th e;第二空为专有名词，不需冠词。第46题【单选题】Egypt,wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus,is the gift of the Nile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选 Ao wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式,其余部分作其宾语从句。第47题【单选题】Heavy metals are persistent;they do not break down to other chemicalsin the environment.Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensiveclean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concernonce they enter the food chain.Some trace metals are alleged to causecancer and are also known to cause poisoning.The main idea of thisparagraph is.A、The Nature of Heavy MetalsB、Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated SoilsC、Heavy Metals and Food ChainD、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human FoodChain【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第48题【单选题】I particularly want to pay tribute,not only to those who prepared themagnificent dinner,but also to those who have provided the splendidmusic.A、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。B、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。C、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。D、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。【正确答案】A【答案解析】虽然原文只重复介词t o,译文还是要重复动词“赞扬；此外原文provide 一词比较笼统，译文用“演奏一词更为合适。第49题【单选题】On the wall two large portraits.A、hangsB、hangC、hangedD、hanging【正确答案】B【答案解析】地点状语提前,谓语是be,hang,stand,sit,lie等动词的句子里,主谓要倒装。第50题【单选题】But Bali starlings are only found in a small area on the island of Bali inIndonesia.They live in the tall grasslands near the c o a s t.T o d a ythere are only 14 left in the wild on a single reserve.More than half of