2021年3月辽宁沈阳计算技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年3月辽宁沈阳计算技术研究所研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方,接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是Co第2题【单选题】The delta and narrow Nile Valley to the south make up only 3 percent ofEgypts land but are home to 96 percent of her population.A、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷组成了埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。B、三角洲和通向南边的狭窄的尼罗河河谷组成了埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。C、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。D、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，但却是百分之九十六的人口的家园。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。are home to若译作 是 的家则不顺，所以把名词改为动词，译作“住在这里。第3题【单选题】Cohen doesnt worry much about students using their courses for evilA、thinksB、advicesC、suggestionsD、purposes【正确答案】D【答案解析】Cohen并没有对学生利用该课程实施恶意行为有太多担心。Think：想，认 为;advice：建 议;suggestion：建议；purpose：目的，意图。第4题【单选题】Secondary school had its own share of challenges.I was a tall kid andwasnt good at any sport,except looking.I loved basketball and tennis.The first day I held a racket,and I was disgraced by my opponent.Hewon six straight sets without sweat and there I was,sweating badly likeId run a marathon,whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanleywas disgraced by his classmate in a.A、basketball gameB、tennis gameC、marathon gameD、football game【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace,考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket,可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第5题【单选题】We might have failed if you us a helping hand.A、have not givenB、would not giveC had not givenD、did not give【正确答案】C【答案解析】表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。第6题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A requirementB examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查，质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第7题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B 答案解析】答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句，修饰franknesso I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第8题【单选题】This is now changing.According to the OECD report,some 75%ofscholarly journals are now online.Entirely new business models areemerging;three main institutional subscribers pay for access to acollection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements.There is open-access publishing,typically supported by asking the author(or his employer)to pay for the paper to be published.Finally,thereare open-access archives,where organizations such as universities orinternational laboratories support institutional repositories.Othermodels exist that are hybrids of these three,such as delayedopen-access,where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper forthe first six months,before making it freely available to everyone whowishes to see it.All this could change the traditional form of thepeer-review process,at least for the publication of papers.With theopen-access publishing model,the author of a paper is requiredto.A、cover the cost of its publicationB、subscribe to the journal publishing itC、allow other online journals to use it freelyD、complete the peer-review before submission【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 事实细节题。本题考查考生对文中具体细节信息的理解能力。本段介绍了通过互联网出版期刊的一些具体操作方式，包括so-called big deal、open-accesspublishing、open-access archives和delayed open-access”。其中，在open-access publishing方式中，作者被要求为所出版的文章支付费用。因此选项A 是正确答案。选项C 是网络出版前的情况；选项B、D 均与文章具体描述内容不符。第9题【单选题】Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known,Flowers andYeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops andplants.Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able tobloom again,providing much needed food in the poorer countries of theworld.The attitude of the author towards the research project is.A、positive.B、negative.C、suspicious.D、indifferent.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。作者在本段中对二人研究的结果给予了展望，态度是积极的。所以，选择A。第10题【单选题】All plays are alike to me just as all music is alike to Tony.A、所有的戏剧对于我就像所有的音乐对托尼一样。B、正如托尼对音乐毫无欣赏一样，我对戏剧也是一窍不通。C、我对戏剧就像托尼对音乐一样，非常欣赏。D、正如托尼喜欢所有的音乐一样，我也非常喜欢所有的戏剧。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题主要考查英语结构。有些句子虽然没有使用否定句，也没有使用具有否定意味的动词、名词、形容词等，但是上下文却暗示着一种否定意味。all.is/arealike可直译为：”（对某人来说）都一样，言外之意是说自己没能力加以辨别或欣赏。第11题【单选题】Sally likes the present is not clear to me.A、IfB、WhetherC、ThatD、What【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考if和whether的区别，一般情况下，两者常可换用，主语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether,if不能放在句首。第12题【单选题】The relationship between employers and employees has been studiedA、originallyB、extremelyC、violentlyD、intensively【正确答案】D【答案解析】originally原始的/原版的/独创的。extremely极度的。violently暴力的。intensively深入的/细致的。第13题【单选题】The hurricane was incredibly devastating and left thousands homeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第 14题【单选题】The lawyer thought that piece of evidence w as early in theinvestigation,but it turned out to be vital in convicting the criminal.0A、unchangeableB、unsuitable团C、insignificantD、important【正确答案】C【答案解析】句意：在调查初期律师认为这项证据不是很重要，但后来证明，这项证据在控告罪犯时起了至关重要作用。insignificant意为 不重要的;unsuitable意为“不合适的，不适 当 的 ；unchangeable意为“不 可 改 变 的，不变的”；important意为 重要的，重大的。第 15题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink 收缩；畏缩；sm aller较小，更小的。第16题【单选题】I particularly want to pay tribute,not only to those who prepared themagnificent dinner,but also to those who have provided the splendidmusic.A、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。B、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。C、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。D、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。【正确答案】A【答案解析】虽然原文只重复介词t o,译文还是要重复动词“赞扬；此外原文provide 一词比较笼统，译文用“演奏一词更为合适。第17题【单选题】Critics also argue that commercial genetic testing is only as good as thereference collections to which a sample is compared.Databases used bysome companies don/t rely on data collected systematically but ratherlump together information from different research projects.This meansthat a DNA database may differ depending on the company thatprocesses the results.In addition,the computer programs a companyuses to estimate relationships may be patented and not subject to peerreview or outside evaluation.In the last paragraph,a problemcommercial genetic testing faces is.A、disorganized data collectionB、overlapping database buildingC、excessive sample comparisionD、lack of patent evaluation【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o事实细节题。本题提问商业基因测试所面临的一个问题是什么？文章尾段明确描述了在商业基因测试中面临的问题在于：“一个DNA的数据库会随着公司的不同而不同，而不同的公司正是用不同的数据库信息来得出检测结果”。选项A提出disorganized data collection”符合原文，为正确答案。选 项B中overlapping是指信息的重叠，文中并没有提到。第18题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表示 只”的意思。第19题【单选题】Congress assembles together in January.A、rangeB、restrictC gatherD、restore【正确答案】C【答案解析】assembles集合，聚集;装配;收集；gather收集；收割；使 聚集；使 皱起。第20题【单选题】It is amusing that she her fathers bad temper as well as hermothers good looks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD、maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C 和 D 选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句意来看只有A 符合题意。inherit“经遗传而得（性格、特征等）。第21题【单选题】There is no high or sound in the house,they must have gone to thec in e m a,?A、didnt theyB dont theyC mustn/t theyD、havent they【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。反义疑问句，主句是完成时态，疑问部分也要用对应的时态，答案选D。第22题【单选题】Its now socially acceptable,even fashionable,to live alone.As peopleget better jobs and become financially independent,it becomes possiblefor them to maintain a one-person household.However,people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcingmore often.A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays.B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much toincrease the number of people living alone.C、It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhooddream.D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o前句中提到“经济独立有可能造成保持一个人的家庭生活，B中的“妇女有好的工作，增加了独身的人数”与前句内容正好呼应。第23题【单选题】It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widelyrespected and appreciated.A、当你知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏时,你就会力量倍增。B、这会使你进一步坚定信念，因为你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。C、知道你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏会使你进一步坚定信念。D、这会使你坚定地认识到，你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o本题主要考查评论与表态。需要对某事发表评论或表明态度时，英语的语序和汉语不同。英语是先评论，或先表态，然后再说有关的事情或情况。汉语则相反，评论或表态性的话往往是放在句子的最后。第24题【单选题】A great number of houses would have to be removed to make way forthe new amusement park.A take the place ofB give space forC build upD、work out【正确答案】B【答案解析】make way fo r让路，让地给.o give space for让地方给。参考译文：必须拆除很多房屋来给新游乐公园腾地方。第25题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的；肤浅的；shallow浅的；肤浅的。第26题【单选题】The reason their failure you know is they didnt getfully prepared for the experiment.A why,thatB that,whyC for,thatD、why,because【正确答案】C【答案解析】第一空后面的their failure是一个短语，所以我们要选择for来引导，表示 的原因（理由等）。第27题【单选题】After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth,ourastronauts desire to do is walk in space.A、whereB、whatC、thatD、how【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：杨利伟成功环绕地球后，我们的宇航员所要做的就是太空行走。当that引导定语从句时，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从句，用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。第28题【单选题】If you keep on,youll succeed wish you success in theexaminations.A、in timeB、at one timeC、for the same timeD、sometimes【正确答案】A【答案解析】in time意为sooner or later”即 早晚,终究。in time另一个意思是及时。第29题【单选题】We have great differences today.What brings us together is that we havecommon interests which transcend those differences.A、现在我们有很大的分歧。但使我们走到一起的，是我们有跨越这些分歧的共同利益。B、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些不同的共同利益。C、今天我们有巨大的分歧。使我们走到一起的，是我们有超越这些分歧的共同利益。D、今天我们有巨大的不同。使我们来到一起的，是我们有超过这些不同的共同兴趣。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。great differences在句子中表示的是“巨大的分歧的意思；interests在本句中不是表示 兴趣，而是表示双方之间共同的利益。第30题【单选题】She was a girl and did not panic.A specificB dominantC、sensibleD、epidemic【正确答案】C【答案解析】sensible明智的；通情达理的；合乎情理的；意识到的，能感觉到的。第31题【单选题】She is quite a different girl she was five years ago.A fromB、toC、thanD、with【正确答案】C【答案解析】一般说来，若两个比较的对象是名词、代词或状语短语等，则用differentfrom(to,than)。但是若提出来供比较的对象是一个没有引导词的句子，则通常只用differentthario第32题【单选题】Egypt,wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus,is the gift of the Nile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解析】wrote the Greek historian Hecataeus 是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式，其余部分作其宾语从句。第33题【单选题】Gang Xiao and Ben Schrag at Brown University,visualize the current bymeasuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an objectand.A、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computerB to make it capable of measuring very weak changes in magneticfieldsC、as well as revealing microscopic defects in anything from aircraftto banknotesD、converting the information into a color picture showing thedensity of current at each point【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。空格前的by在句中引导两个在句法结构上并列的分词短语：一个是measuring subtle（细微的）changes in the magnetic field of an object；另个就是converting the information into.,即：通过测量一个物体的磁场内的细微变化和把信息转化成显示每一点电流强度的彩色图片而使电流显现。第34题【单选题】Many species,for example,originate in small populations.A、轮廓;B、发源C、器官D、选择【正确答案】B【答案解析】originate v i.发源;发生;起航。第35题【单选题】Our neighbor Uncle Johnson is a stubborn man.Needless to say,we triedto make him change his mind.A、in shortB、in secretC、in vainD、in danger【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题的四个选项都是以in开头的介词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析、理解与运用。in vain“白白地，徒劳。根据题意，正确答案应为C。第36题【单选题】I opened the book and found a number of mistakes.A、on occasionB、on averageC、at randomD、on sale【正确答案】C【答案解析】on occasion偶尔。on average平均。at random任意。on sale打折。第37题【单选题】She cant help the house because shes busy making a cake.A、to cleanB、cleaningC、cleanedD、being cleaned【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。注意以下两个结构均可用，但是含义不同：caift help doing sth.意为“禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事；cant help to do sth.意为 不能帮助做某事”。第38题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC、analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查，质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第39题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第40题【单选题】Robert Bell suggests that until more research is completed thegovernment should ban construction of phone towers from within a 500meter radius（半径）of school grounds,child care centers,hospitals,sports playing fields and residential areas with a high percentage ofchildren.He says there is emerging evidence that children absorblow-level radiation at a rate more than three times that of adults.Headds that there is also evidence that if cancer sufferers are subjected toradiation the growth rate of the disease accelerates（提高）.Who absorblow-level radiation at a higher rate than the others?A、Children.B Men.C Women.D、Old people.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段第三句话提到：He says there is emergingevidence that children absorb low-level radiation at a rate morethan three times that of adults.从这句话可以看出答案是A。第41题【单选题】Is some German friends visited last weekA、this schoolB、this the schoolC、this school oneD、this school where【正确答案】B【答案解析】为便于理解，改写本句话：This is the school thatsome German friends visited last week.不难看出，作表语的the school是先行词.that引导了定语从句，因为that同时又作 visited的宾语，所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对.第42题【单选题】Besides,it is rather unreal to grade people just according to theirintellectual ability.This is only one aspect of their total personality.Weare concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full,not justtheir academic ability.We also value personal qualities and social skills,and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspectsof learning.The author argues that a teachers chief concern should bethe development of the s t u d e n t s.A、personal qualities and social skillsB、total personalityC learning ability and communicative skillsD、intellectual ability【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 根据本段的内容，可以看出学生的total personality()总体素质)包括了 academic ability orintellectual ability,personal qualities 和 social skillso 也就是说这些能力都是total personality的方方面面。再看一下这一段的第三两句，可以得出正确的答案应该是选项B o 其他几个选项的意思都不全面，都不能反映作者的充分开发学生的全面能力的主张。第43题【单选题】Because Helen is his wife,it is difficult for Alan to be about hertalent.A subjectiveB objectiveC、impressiveD、persuasive【正确答案】B【答案解析】subje