2021年8月北京对外经济贸易大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年8月北京对外经济贸易大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】We have a agreement with her.A、uniformB、versionC、verbalD、utmost【正确答案】C【答案解析】verbal 口头的；言语的；动词的；照字面的。第2题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第3题【单选题】On a September day in 1991,two Germans were climbing the mountainsbetween Austria and Italy.High up on a mountain pass,they found thebody of a man lying on the ice.At that height(10,499 feet,or 3,200meters),the ice is usually permanent,but 1991 had been an especiallywarm year.The mountain ice had melted more than usual and so thebody had come to the surface.lt was lying face downward.The skeletonwas in perfect condition,except for a wound in the head.There was stillskin on the bones and the remains of some clothes.The hands were stillholding the wooden handle of an ax and on the feet there were verysimple leather and cloth boots.Nearby was a pair of gloves made of treebark(树皮)and a holder for arrows.What can be inferred from paragraph2?A、The Iceman lived a poor life.B、The Iceman could have died from the wound in the head.C、The Iceman was struck dead from behind.D、The Iceman was killed while working.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o推理判断的答案不会偏离主题，但答案在文章中肯定没有。长选项可以作为答案的参考。第4题【单选题】An interesting of the city is the old market.A triumphB respectC、residenceD、feature【正确答案】D【答案解析】feature特色，特征；容貌；特写或专题节目。第5题【单选题】A powerful indictment of Americas disregard of ecology,Silent Springwas aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides,especiallyDDT.A、一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。B、沉默的春天有力地控诉了美国忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药一一特别是滴滴涕。C、有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。D、沉默的春天 对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药,特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本句的主语是Silent Spring,注意Apowerful indictment of”的翻译。第6题【单选题】According to Facebooks vice-president Elliot Schrage,the company issimply making changes to improve its service,and if people dont shareinformation,they have a“less satisfying experience/Some critics thinkthis is more about Facebook looking to make more money.Its originalbusiness model,which involved selling ads and putting them at the sideof the page,totally failed.Who wants to look at ads when theyre onlineconnecting with their friends?The privacy issue has already landedFacebook in hot water in Washington.In April,Senator Charles Schumercalled on Facebook to change its privacy policy.He also urged the FederalTrade Commission to set guidelines for social-networking sites.thinkthe senator rightly communicated that we had not been clear aboutwhat the new products were and how people could choose to use themor not to use them/Schrage admits.Why does Facebook make changesto its rules according to Elliot Schrage?A To conform to the Federal guidelines.B To improve its users/connectivity.C、To render better service to its users.D、To expand its scope of business.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 事实细节题。由题干中的makechanges to its rules 和 Elliot Schrage 定位到第 1 段。该段指出,艾略特?施拉格说，脸谱网更改条款只是为了改善其服务，如果用户不共享信息，他们的体验将“不那么令人满意。C中的 render better service 是原文中 improve its service 的同义转换，故为答案。第 3 段指出，脸谱网更改其隐私条款受到政府的批评，国会要求联邦贸易委员会制定出社交网站的指导方针，由此可见脸谱网更改其条款并非是遵守政府的指导方针，可以排除A遵守政府的指导方针”；B 和 D 文中均未提及。第7题【单选题】Dont involve other people your trouble.A、inB、againstC、toD、for【正确答案】A 答案解析】句意：别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。involve sbin sth：把某人卷入 中，答案选A o第8题【单选题】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certainelements of writing：a word,a phrase,an idea,a sound,or a grammaticalconstruction.We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternateheavy and light beats in music.Our love for rhythm seems to be innate:witness the responses of a small child to lively music.Children love tobeat on toy drums or empty boxes.They stamp their feet and chantnursery rhymes or nonsense syllables,not unlike primitive dancers.Aschildren grow older,they are taught to restrain their responses torhythm,but our love of rhythm remains.We live in rhythms;in fact weare governed by rhythms.According to the passage,an adults reaction torhythm in music would probably be.A、uninhibitedB、indifferentC、restrainedD、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选c。该题的解题依据在本段结尾部分Aschildren grow older,they are taught to restrain their responsesto rhythm.%作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大，大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反应，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反应，更可能受到抑制。第9题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的;机灵的，精制的;心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第10题【单选题】When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends?During their first four minutes together,according to a book by Dr.Leonard Zunin.In his book,Contact:The first four minutes,he offersthis advice to anyone interested in starting new f r i e n d s h i p s:.Alot of peoples whole lives would change if they did just that.A、That is not the time to complain about ones health or to mentionfaults one finds in other people.B Every time you meet someone in a social situation,give him yourundivided attention for four minutes.C、It is not the time to tell the whole truth about ones opinions andimpressions.D、He is eager to make friends with everyone.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o空格前后句中出现了代词的呼应.this advice.t h a t,结合空格后句意（如果他们那样做的话，很多人的整个生活都会发生改变）判断that指代的内容是前句中提到的“这条建议，所以判断空格处出现表意为“建议 的句子可能性最大，结合被选项的内容和用词判断B是答案。第11题【单选题】Our decision was wise.A、of waitingB、to waitC、for waitingD、to be waiting【正确答案】B【答案解析】英语中一些名词总与不定式连用，如：decision,w ish与refusal等，使用这些名词与使用它们的动词形式表达的内容是一致的，我们决定等待是明智的。第12题【单选题】People in earlier eras were surrounded by reminders of misery.Theyworked until exhausted,lived with few protections and died young.Inthe West,before mass communication and literacy,the most powerfulmass medium was the church,which reminded worshippers that theirsouls were in danger and that they would someday be meat for worms.Given all this,they did not exactly need their art to be a bummer too.Theword“bummer”(Line 5,paragraph 5)most probably meanss o m e t h in g.A、religiousB、unpleasantC entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 词义理解题。本段第1 句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(suirounded by reminders of misery)0 段落最后一句话：given all this,they did not need their art to be a bummertoo.此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除第1 句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因此this指的是段首句内容，“在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一个bummer”,由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B 符合要求。第13题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、grant【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第14题【单选题】Today,working less than a 40-hour week,people enjoy more leisure time.Hence,the wise use of leisure time has become an important problemfor everyone,young or old.It is a particularly difficult problem for thesick,the aged,and those who have retired from earning a living.Thosepeople have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find interestingand worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not aparticularly difficult problem for p e o p l e.A、who are very busy everydayB、who are sick in bedC、who are aged and in good healthD、who have retired from work【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题可采用排除法，第三句话(It is a particularlydifficult problem for the sick,the aged,and those who haveretired from earning a living.),可以看出这三类人对于怎样度过空闲时光是特别困难的，所以可以排除BCD项，选 A。第 15题【单选题】The heat was so from the fire that the firemen could not enterthe building.A intenseB tenseC、intensiveD、violent【正确答案】A【答案解析】intense强烈的/挚热的。tense紧张的。intensive深入的/细致的。violent暴力的。第 16题【单选题】No sooner than the ship set sail.国A、the goods was loaded 团B、had the goods been loaded 0C、loaded the goods 3D、the goods was being loaded【正确答案】B【答案解析】倒装句的被动语态。no sooner位于句首时引起部分倒装句。No sooner.than表示 一.就.”,主语的谓语动词用过去完成时，从句里谓语动词用一般过去时。所以答案只有B合适。第17题【单选题】Many people act on without counting the cost.A、failB impulseC outlineD、rate【正确答案】B【答案解析】impulse冲动；电子脉冲;刺激；神经冲动;推动力。第18题【单选题】Until recently,the“science of the future“was supposed to be electronicsand artificial intelligence.Today it seems more and more likely that thenext great breakthroughs in technology will be brought through acombination of those two sciences with organic chemistry and geneticengineering.This combination is the science of biotechnology.Accordingto the passage,the science of the future is likely to be.A、electronicsB、biotechnologyC、genetic engineeringD、nuclear technology【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o本题问的是未来的科学是属于什么的？本段最后一句给出了答案，属于生物科技，所以选B。第19题【单选题】Finally,many great players come from the same kind of neighborhood-apoor,crowed area where a boys dream is not to be a doctor,lawyer,orbusinessman,but to become a rich,famous athlete or entertainer.Forexample,Liverpool,which produced the Beetles,had one of the bestEnglish soccer（英式足球）teams in recent years.Pele practiced in thestreet with a ball made of rags.And George Best learned the tricks thatmade him famous by bouncing the ball off a wall in the slums ofBelfast.All great players have a lot in common,but that doesnt explainwhy they are great.Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets,but only one became Pele.The greatest players are born with someunique quality that sets them apart from all the others.In the lastparagraph the statement.but only one became Pelew indicates thatA、Pele is the greatest soccer player.B、the greatest players are born with some unique quality.C、Peles birthplace sets him apart from all the others.D、the success of a soccer player has everything to do with the familyback ground.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。Pele是个伟大的球员，Hundreds ofboys played in those Brazilian streets,but only one became Pele成百上千的人在巴西的街道上踢球，但是只有一个Pele这样的伟大球员。最后一句话点明主题The greatest players areborn with some unique quality that sets them apart from all theothers.所以答案是B。第20题【单选题】She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who waslooking very sad.A、她经常提到她如何在意大利碰到一位老先生，他看来很悲伤。B、她常对人说，她在意大利碰到过一位愁容满面的老先生。C、她经常提到她如何在意大利碰到一位愁容满面的老先生。D、她常对人说，她在意大利碰到过一位上了年纪的绅士，他看起来很悲伤。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。who was looking very sad”是定语,翻译成中文要注意语序。第21题【单选题】James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or,as it wasthen called,navigation.A、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoB、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoC、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把建筑运河叫作navigation oD、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫作navigation o【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本题考查的知识点为重复与代称。原文building canals,但汉语里常见的搭配是“开凿运河，如译作“建筑运河”,就不顺了。原文后半句用it 代 替 buildingcanals,译文重复“开凿运河而不用代词，这样译是比较清楚的。第22题【单选题】You will be liable for any damage caused.A liberalB responsibleC、profoundD、rectify【正确答案】B【答案解析】be liable f o r有 责任；有 义务；responsible负责的，可靠的；有责任的。第23题【单选题】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions oflaw.The more developed a legal system becomes,the more society takesresponsibility for the discovery,control,and punishment of violent acts.In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence isrevenge.Each family group may have the responsibility for personallycarrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committedthe offense.But in legal systems,the responsibility for revenge becomesdepersonalized and diffused.The society assumes the responsibility forprotecting individuals from violence.In cases where they cannot beprotected,the society is responsible for imposing punishment.In a statecontrolled legal system,individuals are removed from the cycle ofrevenge motivated by acts of violence,and the state assumesresponsibility for their protection.What does the author mean bysaying.in legal systems,the responsibility for revenge becomesdepersonalized and diffused?A、Legal systems greatly reduce the possibilities of physical violence.B、Offenses against individuals are no longer judged on a personalbasis.C、Victims of violence find it more difficult to take revenge.D、Punishment is not carried out directly by the individuals involved.【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题时要注意题干中这句话开头的“but”一词，既然该句是由b u t引导的转折，则上文往往是理解该题的关键。在上面一句中，作者提到在部落社会中，对犯罪者的审判和惩罚往往由家族进行，接下来话锋一转，说在法律系统中，这种报复的责任已经非个人化了、分散了，也就是说，不是由所涉及的个人来进行了，故D正确。第24题【单选题】Marian,the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that thechildrens book is based on,was mayor.Other kids ran the stores whichsold imaginary ice cream and baked goods.Kids drove imaginary carsoutside of town,and the speeders went to jail,which was guarded bythe sheriff,another kid.Elsewhere,boys and girls had battles,chargingeach other/s bases using spears made with ocotillo,a desert plant.Whois Marian?A、She is the author.B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen.C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book.D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第25题【单选题】I would class my garden as medium in size.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案解析】medium a d j.中间的，中等的；半生熟的。第26题【单选题】I recognize my own shortcomings.A、建立B、指望C、认识到D、推荐【正确答案】C【答案解析】recognize v t.认出，识别;承认。第27题【单选题】As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues,justifying parental supportdepends on defining the family as a social good that,in some sense,society must pay for.In her book No Exit:What Parents Owe TheirChildren and What Society Owes Parents,she argues that parents areburdened in many ways in their lives:there is“no exit“when it comes tochildren.Society expectsand needsparents to provide their childrenwith continuity of care,meaning the intensive,intimate care that humanbeings need to develop their intellectual,emotional,and moralcapabilities.And society expectsand needsparents to persist in theirrole for 18 years,or longer if needed/What is Professor Anne Alstottsargument for parental support?A、Good parenting benefits society.B、The cost of raising children in the US has been growing.C、The US should keep up with other developed countries.D、Children need continuous care.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 推理判断题。本段提到，社会也需要家长们对他们的孩子付出关爱，因为良好的父母教养能造福于社会，应选A 项。B 项“抚养孩子的成本在美国已越来越大 ，C 项 美国应该赶上其他发达国家，这两项在文中均未提及；D 项“儿童需要持续的照顾，是对文中的parents toprovide their children with continuity of care 设置的干扰项。第28题【单选题】He insisted that we all in his office at one oclock.A、beB、to beC、would beD、shall be【正确答案】A【答案解析】当 insist表示 坚持要求时从句用虚拟形式。第29题【单选题】Among the most popular:paternity and kinship testing,which adoptedchildren can use to find their biological relatives and families can use totrack down kids put up for adoption.DNA testing is also the latest rageamong passionate genealogistsand supports businesses that offer tosearch for a family/s geographic roots.Most tests require collecting cellsby swabbing saliva in the mouth and sending it to the company fortesting.All tests require a potential candidate with whom to compare DNPTK is used to.A、locate ones birth placeB、promote genetic researchC、identify parent0chiId kinshipD、choose children for adoption【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 事实细节题。本题提问PTK测试的作用，是针对文章第1 段的题目，文章指出“adopted childrencan use to find their biological relatives,即帮助被收养的儿童找到他们血缘亲属，选项C 鉴定亲子血缘关系符合原文，为正确答案。第30题【单选题】Our neighbor Uncle Johnson is a stubborn man.Needless to say,we triedto make him change his mind.A、in shortB、in secretC、in vainD、in danger【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题的四个选项都是以in开头的介词短语，因此考查的是词组的辨析、理解与运用。in vain白白地，徒劳 。根据题意，正确答案应为C。第31题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughter.A、checkB keepC、stopD、retain【正确答案】A【答案