2021年10月江苏江南大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年10月江苏江南大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be theand may undermine social stability.A、prevalentB、primitiveC、previousD、premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent普遍的,答案应选Aosocial problem in this area流行的。根据题意，正确第2题【单选题】Shall I wait here for three hoursYes.Three hours to waitfor such a doctor.A、are not very long for youB、is not long enough for youC、was not long enough for youD will be too long for you【正确答案】B【答案解析】Three hours是作为一个整体来看待的，所以谓语动词用单数形式。第3题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第4题【单选题】I couldnt have got to the meeting on time an earlier train.A、if I had not caughtB、unless I had caughtC、if I did not catchD、unless I caught【正确答案】B【答案解析】if.not和unless有时可以互相替换，但也有不能互相替换的时候。unless用于这样的句子，即 如果A不受阻于 B A 将发生，He will accept the job if the salary isnot too low/unless the salary is too low.第5题【单选题】Besides T o m,C r o s e t t e s have two other s o n s,o f whomare all interested in making model planes.A、不填,twoB、不填,the twoC、the,threeD、the,the three【正确答案】D【答案解析】在英语的姓氏前使用定冠词，表示的是这个姓氏的一家人或这个姓氏的夫妇；the+数词+o f+代词 这一结构表示该代词的总数是前面的数词表示的数量，而“数词+o f+代词结构中的代词表示的量肯定大于前面数词表示的数量。第6题【单选题】Has Mr.White arrived?Yes,a lr e a d y.h e wait outside or justcome in?A、ShallB、MayC、CouldD、Must【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查情态动词辨析。当主语为第三人称时情态动词shall表示征求对方的许可。第7题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC、eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】com fort使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第8题【单选题】Watching me pulling the calf awkwardly to the barn,the Irish milkmaidfought hard to hold back her laughter.A、checkB、keepC、stopD、retain【正确答案】A【答案解析】hold back抑制，控制。check克 制,抑 制（做某事或表露感情）。参考译文：看见我笨手笨脚地把牛牵向牲口棚，那位爱尔兰挤奶女工竭尽全力克制自己不笑出声来。第9题【单选题】Dont involve other people your trouble.A、inB、againstC、toD、for【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。involve sbin sth：把某人卷入 中，答案选A o第10题【单选题】Home heating,which accounts for less than 7 percent of a ll energyconsumed in the U.S.,has had a commendable（值得赞扬的）efficiencyrecord:from 1978 to 1997,the amount of fuel consumed for thispurpose declined 44 percent despite a 33 percent increase in thenumber of housing units and an increase in house size.The U.S.Department of Energy,however,forecasts mat energy used in homeheating will rise by 14 percent over the next two decades.That rise issmall considering an expected 21 percent increase in the number ofhouses and the trend toward larger houses.According to-paragraph 3,energy consumed in home heating over the next two decades willincrease by.A、33 percentB、31 percentC、21 percentD、14 percent【正确答案】D【答案解析】该题问的是：根据本段，在今后2 0年里用于家庭供暖的能源将增加多少?第三段有这么一句话：然而，美国能源部预测，在今后2 0年里用于家庭供暖的能源将增加 14%o第11题【单选题】Physiologically,we are rhythmical.We must eat,sleep,breathe,and playregularly to maintain good health.Emotionally we are rhythmical,too,for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relativedepression and exhilaration.Intellectually we are also rhythmical,for wemust have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration.Itnaturally follows then that rhythm,a fundamental aspect of our lives,must be a part of any good literary work whether poetry orprose.According to the passage,which of the following pairs of activitiesbest illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选 B o 段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must haveperiods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这个信息，A、D 项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B 项内容是学习诗歌与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而 C 项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也不符合原文。第12题【单选题】We have a agreement with her.A、uniformB、versionC、verbalD、utmost【正确答案】C【答案解析】verbal 口头的；言语的；动词的；照字面的。第13题【单选题】These rules dont a l wa y s.A、appliesB、applyC、applyingD applied【正确答案】B【答案解析】题目意思：这些规则并非总能行得通。本题用apply原形，答案选B。第14题【单选题】To protect Americas rivers and streams from excessive industrialpollution and to guard wildlife from the depredations of man.A、保护美国的江河，使之免受过分的工业污染并保护野生动物不受人类的掠夺。B、保护美国的河流，使之不受过分的工业污染，并保护野生动物不受人类的掠夺。C、保护美国的江河，使之受不到过分的工业污染并保护野生动物不被人类掠夺。D、保护美国的江河，使之免受过分的工业污染和野生动物不被人类掠夺。【正确答案】A【答案解析】“protect.from.和guard.from.”同义，均为“保护 免 遭.。第15题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A、temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根本的；essential基本的；本质的。第16题【单选题】During the days,he worked as a servant at the Browns.A、followedB、followingC、to followD、that followed【正确答案】D【答案解析】that followed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语.第 17题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be the social problem in this areaand may undermine social stability.A、prevalentB、primitiveC、previousD、premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent“普遍的，流行的。根据题意，正确答案应选A。第 18题【单选题】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】。nly是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是C。第19题【单选题】Besides T o m,C r o s e t t e s have two other s o n s,o f whomare all interested in making model planes.A、不填,tw。B、不填,the twoC、the,threeD、the,the three【正确答案】D【答案解析】在英语的姓氏前使用定冠词，表示的是这个姓氏的一家人或这个姓氏的夫妇；the+数词+o f+代词”这一结构表示该代词的总数是前面的数词表示的数量，而“数词+o f+代词结构中的代词表示的量肯定大于前面数词表示的数量。第20题【单选题】If you keep on,youll succeed wish you success in theexaminations.A、in timeB、at one timeC、for the same timeD、sometimes【正确答案】A【答案解析】in tim e意为“sooner or later 即“早晚，终究in time另一个意思是及时。第21题【单选题】today,he would get there by Friday.A、Would he leaveB、Was he leavingC、Were he to leaveD、If he leaves【正确答案】C【答案解析】这是虚拟语气的倒装形式，把if去掉，助动词提前。第22题【单选题】The U.S.decided t h a t,i t s increasing trade deficit,it would have totighten important restriction.A、in view ofB、with regard toC、in respect ofD in the light of【正确答案】A【答案解析】in view o f鉴于。with regard to关于/作为答复。in respect of 关于/谈及。in the light of 根据。第23题【单选题】I insisted that you wrong.A、wereB、areC、wasD、being【正确答案】A【答案解析】如suggest,insist不表示“建议“或“坚持要某人做某事时”，即它们用于其本意”暗示、表明、“坚持认为“时，宾语从句用陈述语气。而在宾语从句中，主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态，本题选were。第24题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的;肤浅的；shallow浅的;肤浅的。第25题【单选题】Many artists express their world view in their work.A、presentB、preliminaryC、neglectD necessity【正确答案】A【答案解析】express表达；present提出；介绍；呈现。第26题【单选题】I wish that I with you last night.A wentB、could goC、have goneD、could have gone【正确答案】D【答案解析】could have done表示“本来可以。第27题【单选题】Scarcely less important than machinery in the agricultural revolution wasscience.A、在农业革命中，科学没有机械重要。B、在农业革命中，机械没有科学重要。C、在农业革命中，科学和机械几乎同等重要。D、在农业革命中，机械和科学都不怎么重要。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本句考查程度副词的翻译。本句的翻译重点是Scarcely less important,scarcely是程度副词,意思是“几乎不，简直没有。它本身带有否定的意思。lessimportant意思是“不如.重要，而加scarcely之后，双重否定表示肯定，意思是两者是差不多同样重要的，所以应该选 C。第28题【单选题】Please dictionaries when you are not sure of word spelling ormeaning.A、seekB、inquireC、searchD consult【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。考查动词辨析。consult dictionaries是“查字典的意思。第29题【单选题】The garden has four gates in different directions,so you may enter itand relax through of them in the daytime.Very convenient.A、noneB、eitherC、allD、any【正确答案】D【答案解析】三者或三者以上任何一个用anyo第30题【单选题】Thirty years ago,most teenagers had bicycles,but now they arecomparatively rare._ 1 _ motor scooters are much more common._ 2 _ this may seem a sign of progress but _ 3 _ the change is notnecessarily for the better.l.At the other end On the contrary Onthe other hand In addition?.A.At first sight B.At the beginning C.In the first viewD.From the first3.A、absolutelyB、actuallyC、surelyD definitely【正确答案】B【答案解析】actually,事实上，实际上。这道题考察学生对文章的理解和对词义的掌握。作者说乍一看这是进步，但事实上不是这样，有转折之意。A,absolutely,绝对的；C,surely,的确的；D,definitely,明确地。第31题【单选题】I failed in the final examination last term and only then theimportance of studies.A、I realizedB、I had realizedC、had I realizedD、did I realize【正确答案】D【答案解析】“only+状语放在句首时，主句用倒装语序，只把助动词、情态动词或be放在主语前。此句为一般过去时，在主语前加助动词d id,谓语动词用原形。第32题【单选题】Somewhere around puberty（发育；青春期），something happens in thetiming of the biological clock.（2）The clock pushes forward,soadolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they usedto.When your mother tells you its time for bed,your body may bepushing you to stay up for several hours more.And the light coming fromyour computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up evenlater.What is implied in the second paragraph?A、Young childrens biological clock has the same rhythm with that ofthe teenagers.B、People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the changeof the biological clock.C、Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night thanadolescents.D、Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light fromthe computer screen.【正确答案】C【答案解析】推理判断题，对应原句The clock pushes forward（推动）zso adolescents（青年）and teenagers are unable tofall asleep as early as they used to.的含义是青年人以前睡觉还要早。考 察used to（过去）的意思得到答案为C。第33题【单选题】Half of the workers here under 30.A、isyearsB、a reyear oldC、isyears oldD、a reyears of age【正确答案】D【答案解析】Half of the workers是复数，所以谓语动词也用复数形式。year old这种形式是错误的，所以用years of ageo第34题【单选题】Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are eitherdriven out of business or to cash-only practices,further contributing tothe decline of primary care.Medical students aren/t blind to this scenario.They see how heavily the reimbursement deck is stacked against primarycare.The recent numbers show that since 1997,newly graduated USmedical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by50%,This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed withpatients without regular doctors.Why do many new medical graduatesrefuse to choose primary care as their career?A、They find the need for primary care declining.B、The current system works against primary care.C、Primary care physicians command less respect.D、They think working in emergency rooms tedious.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B。语义理解题。由题干中的new medicalgraduates 及 choose primary care as their career 定位于第 2 段第2、3句。文章第2段开始提到“医学院的学生对此种情形很清楚。他们看到医疗补偿制度对基础医疗行业是多么不利。随后文章提到这些学生从事基础医疗的数量大幅度减少,由此可以归纳出，造成这一现象的原因是目前的体系不利于基础医疗事业，故 选B项。对基础医疗的需求并未减少，只是因为基础医疗的医生资源不够，因此人们不得不前往专家门诊就医，故排除A项；C项 和D项，文章均未提及。第35题【单选题】At twenty-two,he had first learned what it is to a Negro.A、他 22岁时，生平第一次尝到了对待黑人的滋味。B、他 22岁时，生平第一次懂得了如何做一个黑人。C、他 22岁时，生平第一次知道了黑人意味着什么。D、他 22岁时，生平第一次知道是如何对待黑人的。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选A o本题解题的关键是what it is to aNegro,表示的意思是：对待黑人的滋味。第36题【单选题】in 1812,the New Orleans Battle could have been avoided.A、If the peace agreement was signed in AmericaB、If the peace agreement had signed in AmericaC、Was the peace agreement signed in AmericaD、Had the peace agreement been signed in America【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据题干中主句谓语动词的结构可知，该句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟结构，从句中谓语部分应使用过去完成时，如果省略连词i f,句子应采用部分倒装形式，即将助动词had调至主语之前，选 项A、C为陈述语序，选 项B为主动语态，均不符合句子结构。答 案D第37题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amount of land.We had the opportunity to sit in on a meetingwith the chief of Katchikow,which we called it“Catch a Cow.In themeeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area.He seemedto be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we werehelping with had come to his area.The chief of each villageA、is called KatchikowB、supports the idea of hydroponics farmC、has a certain amount of landD、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第38题【单选题】I would class my garden as medium in size.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案解析】medium ad j.中间的，中等的；半生熟的。第39题【单选题】He is about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympicsnext year.A、optimisticB、optionalC、outstandingD、obvious【正确答案】A【答案解析】optimistic乐观的。optional选择的。outstanding出色的/醒目的。obvious明显的。第40题【单选题】When shall we meet again?Make it day you like;its all thesame to me.A、oneB、anyC、anotherD、some【正确答案】B【答案解析】any day指 任意选择的一天，故正确答案为B。第41题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid familyleave starting in 2011.I wasnt surprised when this didnt make the newshere in the United Stateswere now the only wealthy country withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theFamily and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to asmuch as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as government run personnel management and a“dangerous precedent/In fact,every step of the way,as(usually)Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack of a precedent in American history.B、The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C、The opposition from business circles.D、The incompetence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C 项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对,business circles与文中的business groups相对应，故正确答案为C项。文 中 说 家庭与医疗休假法在1993年时通过，故排除A项 在美国历史上没有先例；B项 现有的 家庭与医疗休假法，并非主要原因；文中提到民主党领导人支持工作与家庭的平衡措施的实施，只是遭到了来自商业团体的反对，故排除D项“民主党的无能。第42题【单选题】The garden has four gates in different directions,so you may enter itand relax through of them in the daytime.Very convenient.A、noneB、eitherC、allD、any【正确答案】D【答案解析】三者或三者以上任何一个用anyo第43题【单选题】For the purpose of this Convention any Contracting State may,bydomestic legislation,assimilate to its own nationals any persondomiciled in that State.A、就本公约而言，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。B、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人按本国国民对待。C、为实施本公约，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住于该国的任何人按本国国民对待。D、为了本公约的目的，任何成员国均可按照国内立法，将经常居住那个国家的任何人当作本国国民。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。for the purpose of.是法律条文里常用的一个短语，意思相当于 就 而言，在此处翻译为“为实施本公约 。第44题【单选题】The news about the terrib