2021年8月北京首都体育学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf
【考研英语】2021年8月北京首都体育学院研究生招生考试英语练习题100道(附答案解析)第1题【单选题】Economic factors aside,the imbalanced distribution of educationalresources also affects fairness of education.A、unjustB、impartialC、unevenD、improper【正确答案】C【答案解析】imbalanced不平衡的,不均衡的。uneven不均衡的。参考译文：除经济因素外，教育资源分配不均同样影响到了教育的公平性。第2题【单选题】We welcome rain,but a(a n)l a r g e amount of rainfall will causefloods.A、extensivelyB、extremelyC、speciallyD、constantly【正确答案】B【答案解析】extensively广泛的/渊博的。extremely极度的。specially特别的/与众不同的。constantly反复的/恒定的。第3题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be the social problem in this areaand may undermine social stability.A、prevalentB、primitiveC、previousD premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent普遍的，流行的。根据题意，正确答案应选A。第4题【单选题】She used to relate how she met in Italy an elderly gentleman who waslooking very sad.A、她经常提到她如何在意大利碰到一位老先生，他看来很悲伤。B、她常对人说，她在意大利碰到过一位愁容满面的老先生。C、她经常提到她如何在意大利碰到一位愁容满面的老先生。D、她常对人说，她在意大利碰到过一位上了年纪的绅士，他看起来很悲伤。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。“who was looking very sad”是定语，翻译成中文要注意语序。第5题【单选题】In the spirit of frankness which I hope will characterize our talks thisweek,let us recognize at the outset these points.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神,让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选 Bo which I hope will characterize our talksthis week限制性定语从句,修饰frankness。I hope是定语从句中的插入语。In the spirit of：本着 的精神。at the outset：在开始的时候。第6题【单选题】I cant get my car on cold mornings,so I have to trythe radiator with some hot water.A、run;to fillB、running;fillingC、running;to fillD、ran;filling【正确答案】B【答案解析】get my car running意为 使我的车发动起来;trydoing表示“试一试做某事的办法;try to do意为“努力去做某事 。第7题【单选题】Is that how you me for my help?A、dismissB、permitC、restoreD reward【正确答案】D【答案解析】re w a rd 奖励；奖赏。第8题【单选题】In his closing remarks,the chairman expressed his thanks to all thosewho had contributed to the success of the conference.A、commentsB、speechC、criticismD、lecture【正确答案】B【答案解析】remarks致辞。speech讲话，演说。参考译文：在闭幕词里，主席向所有为大会的成功举办作出过贡献的人士表示了感谢。第9题【单选题】Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should bethe last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed/Allensaid,We have a lot of work to do to rule out（排除 的可能性）possible non-biological explanations.It is more likely that a chemicalprocess,without biology,can explain these results,What can be inferredfrom what Allen said?A、Scientists have different arguments over whether there is life onTitan.B、Scientists all agree that there is life on Titan.C、Scientists all suggest that a biological explanation is reasonable.D、Scientists all agree that a non-biological chemical reaction is apossible explanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语 all must every merely have to barely 0nly 一般是错误的,排除 B C D,根据 Scientific conservatism suggests that abiological explanation should be the last choice after allnon-biological explanations are addressed o 推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的的问题观点不同，与A一致。得到答案Ao第10题【单选题】A powerful indictment of Americas disregard of ecology,Silent Springwas aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides,especiallyDDT.A、一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。B、沉默的春天有力地控诉了美国忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药一一特别是滴滴涕。C、有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。D、沉默的春天 对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本句的主语是Silent Spring,注意Apowerful indictment of”的翻译。第11题【单选题】Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are notreligious but commercial,and forever happy.Fast-food eaters,newsanchors,text messengers,all smiling,smiling,smiling.Our magazinesfeature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.Andsince these messages have an agendato lure us to open ourwalletsthey make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable.“Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex,beforewe found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.In the authorsopinion,a d v e r t is in g.A、emerges in the wake of the anti团 happy artB、is a cause of disappointment for the general publicC、replaces the church as a major source of informationD、creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选 D o观点态度题。本段第4 句指出，商业 文 化（其代表就是广告）传达快乐信息的目的是诱使我们打开钱包，而这使快乐的概念本身变得不可信了。接着指出，我们忘记了，幸福不仅仅是没有痛苦的享乐，那些带来最大快乐的东西同时也最有可能带来巨大的损失和失望。由此可知,广告带给我们的快乐是一种不真实的感受。因此D正确。第12题【单选题】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a localrestaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment.She called to see if he was there.She said,“My husband has Alzheimers（老年痴呆）and he shouldnt be driving without me.Numerousthoughts ran through my head.Call the police,call her family,and notify（通知）the doctor/s office she had just come from!But at first,I offeredto drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.Theelderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with AlzheimersB、the nurse in the doctors officeC、a local restaura ntD one of her family members【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。根据文章本段中She told me her namewas Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant 可知答案为 C 项。Helen由于担心自己丈夫安危，但又找不到人，情急之下先打电话到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第 13题【单选题】There is a lot of luck in drilling for oil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】drilling for o il表示“钻探石油;a lot of luck本意表示的是“运气，在本句中可以翻译为“偶然性第 14题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活,劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下,而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，“country并不是“国家 ，而是指“农村。第15题【单选题】I had the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long,narrowfarm.A、我有一种错觉，我是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。B、我感到仿佛是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。C、当我在开车穿过一个特别狭长的农场时产生了一种幻觉。D、我仿佛产生了一种错觉，那就是我开车穿过一个极长而狭窄的农场。【正确答案】B【答案解析】had the illusion表示的是开车时的一种感觉,所以译为“我感觉仿佛这样比较好，而不直译为“错觉第 16题【单选题】The government has called for an independent inquiry into theincident.A、requirementB、examinationC analysisD、investigation【正确答案】D【答案解析】inquiry调查，质询。investigation调查。参考译文：政府要求对这一事件进行独立调查。第 17题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第 18题【单选题】Many artists express their world view in their work.A、presentB、preliminaryC、neglectD necessity【正确答案】A【答案解析】express表达；p re se n t提出；介绍；呈现。第19题【单选题】Between the two roads a TV tower called“Skyscraper Towe叫A、standsB、standingC、which standsD、stand【正确答案】A【答案解析】a TV tower是这句话的主语，这是个倒装句，所以谓语动词要用单数形式。第20题【单选题】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology areimpressive.Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years.Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron,copper and so on exist on theocean floor.According to the author,technology is important becauseA、resources on land are running short in ten yearsB、man can use it to explore the deeper seaC、it is a lot of fun diving into the seaD、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到The riches of the sea yet tobe developed by man/s technology are impressive,人类利用技术 可 以 开 发 的 海 洋 资 源 是 惊 人 的。段 末 说 到：Valuableamounts of minerals such as iron,copper and so on exist on theocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁,铜等等。其他三项都没有提到。第21题【单选题】A large of the sunlight never reaches the earth while infra-redheat given off by the earth is allowed to escape freely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD fraction【正确答案】B【答案解析】pr。p。rti。n部分，份儿，指部分与整体的关系，如：A large proportion of the dolphins in that area willeventually die.根据题意，正确答案应为B。第22题【单选题】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel,they never used it.Neither did they use metals other than copper.What is ever moresurprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities andbuilt new ones in the jungle.Some time around AD900,Mayancivilization collapsed.By the year 1200,their last great capital,ChichenItza，was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas wast hat.、A、they developed accurate system measuring time.B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】C【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is thatthey suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new onesin the jungle.是对原文语意进行了转化，最高级代替了比较级。第23题【单选题】It is amusing that she her fathers bad temper as well as hermother/s good looks.A、inheritedB、retainedC、preservedD、maintained【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题的B、C和D选项虽然意思有些相近，但从题句意来看只有A符合题意。inherit经遗传而得（性格、特征等）。第24题【单选题】The shy girl felt and uncomfortable when she could notanswer her teachers questions.A、amazedB、awkwardC、curiousD、amused【正确答案】B【答案解析】a mazed吃惊的。awkward狼狈的/局促的。curious好奇的。amused滑稽的。第25题【单选题】A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control ofinsects is available.A、除了对昆虫的化学控制外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。B、除了用化学方法控制昆虫以外，还有其他各种非常奇妙的方法可以利用。C、在对昆虫的化学控制方法外，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。D、在用化学方法控制昆虫方面，有各种各样非常奇妙的方法可以利用。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为名词短语。thechemical control of insects不要译作“对昆虫的化学控制”，这样译太费解。把这个名词短语译作动宾结构，可译作“用化学方法控制昆虫”。第26题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sothat we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥,以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本句虽然用了连词w hile,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因 此 w hile可译为“虽然。此句中 的 bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥 。第27题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制,约束。参考课文:为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第 28题【单选题】Sally likes the present is not clear to me.A、IfB、WhetherC、ThatD、What【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考if和 whether的区别，一般情况下，两者常可换用，主语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether,if不能放在句首。第 29题【单选题】This animal is to be found only in the Southern Hemisphere.A、解释B、半球C、历史学家D、引用【正确答案】B【答案解析】hemisphere n.半球。第 30题【单选题】We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and servicesthat we export,the investment that we attract and we make abroad.A、我们对投资和引资的依靠超过了世界上商品和服务的出口。B、我们对商品和服务出口的依靠超过了世界上其他的对投资和引资的经济体。C、我们对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依靠没有超过了世界上其他主要经济体。D、我们对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依靠超过了世界上其他主要经济体。【正确答案】D【答案解析】注意从结构上理解本句。句子主干为：We relyon.；o n后面跟两个平行的介词宾语the goods and services和the investment,分别有两个限制性定语从句修饰。注意这里两个限制性定语从句的翻译，把从句译都成了词组：商品和服务出口和“投资和引资。第31题【单选题】When will you be through with your work,Jones?My bossusually finds something for me to do at the last minute.A、Who knowsB、Would you help meC、I beg your pardonD、Anything the matter【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查交际用语。Who knows?表示 谁知道（无法确定），与后句的含义相吻合。第32题【单选题】I failed in the final examination last term and only then theimportance of studies.A、I realizedB、I had realizedC、had I realizedD、did I realize【正确答案】D【答案解析】only+状语放在句首时，主句用倒装语序，只把助动词、情态动词或be放在主语前。此句为一般过去时，在主语前加助动词d id,谓语动词用原形。第33题【单选题】The benefit of it would compensate danger.A、补偿B、支持C、惊奇D、允许【正确答案】A【答案解析】compensate v t.补偿，赔偿；付报酬。第34题【单选题】We are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quitean effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take forgranted.Because we can feel that things are heavy,we think of weightas being a fixed quality in an object,but it is not really fixed at all.If youcould take a one-pound packet of butter 4,000 miles out from the earth,it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.We find it hard to break freefrom ideas connected with living on the earth becauseA、it demands too great an effort for us to do so.B、we are too familiar with the way things are to question the ideas.C、we have proved that those ideas are correct.D、we are so sure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on theearth.【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题抓住问题的关键词break free from,W的意思。We are so used to our life on the surface of the earththat it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of allthe ideas that we take for granted.这是第一句话，so.that,如此以致于。be familiar with与be used to是同义替换,前者表示熟悉，后者表示习惯，所以答案就得出来是B。第35题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、contained【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制，约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第36题【单选题】Technology is enabling man to explore even deeper under the sea.It isobvious that the technology to harvest the sea continues to improve.Bythe 2050,experts believe that the problems to explore the food,minerals and energy resources of the sea will have been largelysolved.According to the author,when will the problems to explore thedeeper sea largely be solved?A、In the next generation.B、By the end of the 20th century.C、In the near future.D、By the middle of the 21st century.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段提到 By the 2050,experts believe that theproblems to explore the food,minerals and energy resources ofthe sea will have been largely solved.21 世纪五十年代。就是2050年左右。第37题【单选题】The exhibition of poor sportsmanship a sense of disgust in allwho witnessed it.A、roseB、aroseC、arousedD、raised【正确答案】C【答案解析】同源动词辨析首先区分一下词性，A、B两词为不及物动词，C、D两词为及物动词。再区分各词的词义：A)rose“升起，起来；起床，上升，上 涨A B)arose出现,产生，起来；Qaroused激起，引起；D)raised 抬起,举起,提高;筹(钱);抚养。第38题【单选题】This is one of the most interesting questions that asked.A、haveB、hasC、have beenD、has been【正确答案】C【答案解析】that指 代questions,所以从句谓语需要用复数形式。第39题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第40题【单选题】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing.Ifound writing for that site was not my cup of tea.However,myexperience there was positive as I was rewarded with even morelearning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the water.ThroughAssociated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging.I decidedto learn how to set up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer.What is the authors purpose of using thesite Associated Content?A、To write for the site Yahoo!Contributor Network.B、To know more about other writers.C、To have one of his articles published.D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn howtoset up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer确定D 答案。A 选项是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B 选项不是作者的目的；C 选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第41题【单选题】But even if every large city purified and reused its water,we still wouldnot have enough.Where could we turn next?To the oceans!All wedhave to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is-remove thesalt.This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of theworld.According to the passage,sea-water can be turned into freshwater by.A、heating it upB、treating it with chemicalsC、taking salt out of itD drying it up【正确答案】C【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的 remove the salt 即 take salt out。第42题【单选题】No sooner than it began to rain heavily.A、the game beganB、has the game begunC、did the game beginD、had the game begun【正确答案】D【答案解析】以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时，一般采用倒装句（谓语前置）。这类表示否定意义的词有never,seldom,scarcely,little,few,not,hardly,以及 not only.but(also),nosooner.than,hardly.when scarcely.when 等等。第43题【单选题】the beginning of the meeting,we heard a report by Mr.Li.A、ByB、InC、AtD、On【正确答案】B【答案解析】at
