2021年4月陕西师范大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年4月陕西师范大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】The pair of legs that carried him rickety,and there was a bias in his gaitwhich inclined him somewhat to the left of a straight line.A、支着他的两条腿老是摇摇晃晃的，他走路的姿势里，又总有一种倾斜的趋势，使他或多或少地往一条直线的左边歪。B、他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路的步法又总是倾斜着，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。C、支着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点往一条直线的左边歪。D、支撑着他的两条腿摇摇晃晃的，他走路时又总是倾斜，使他有点歪向一条直线的左边。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o 本题考查的知识点为选词。文学作品语言生动，其中选词是一个重要方面。动 词 carry有许多含义。此处译文具体化，译作“支着第2题【单选题】People suspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted to killhis wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan entered his oldhouse and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.His estranged wifeheard noises,came downstairs and was also attacked,but managed toescape.Seven months after the murder,a jury concluded that Lucan hadkilled the nanny.lt is thought that Lucan killed the nanny b e c a u s e.A、she was looking after the childrenB、she was a friend of LucansC、it was dark and he thought she was Lady LucanD、Loa rd Lucan thought the nanny stole his car【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选 C o 因果关系题。对 照 本 段 Peoplesuspected that“Lucky”,as he was called by friends,wanted tokill his wife he no longer lived with.They say that Lucan enteredhis old house and in the dark,killed the nanny by mistake.本来是要杀他的妻子，可是因为天太黑，所以错杀了保姆。第3题【单选题】They did find that appears in a dream has far greater influenceon mood than occurs in the dream.A、the person.the thingB、who.whatC、who.thatD、the person who.which【正确答案】B【答案解析】that引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中，who,what分别做主语，代表人和事情。第4题【单选题】The tall,well-dressed gentleman standing before me was certainly a farcry from the old sea wolf of my imagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。standing before me”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞gentleman”,译成汉语可放在句首。a farcry from sth/doing sth”是习语，意思是：a very differentexperience from sth/doing sth与某事物 做某事物 大不相同。wolf是狼的意思，“sea wolf在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作 海怪比较贴切。第5题【单选题】The group does not advocate the use of violence.A、supportB、matterC、suitD、reach【正确答案】A【答案解析】advocate提倡，主张，拥护；support支持，支撑，支援。第6题【单选题】I dont claim there isn/t a force which guides us,which takes care of us,but the main element that helps us build up our future is our way ofbeing.Our personality,our character,our way of perceiving（感矢口）realityand everything that surrounds us are the elements which may bring usto the top,or on the contrary,make us miserable.The author thinks thatour future is decided mainly by.A、a superior force like GodB、our way of being,such as our characterC、things and persons that surround usD、others7 choice and responsibility【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o虽然作者也声明自己并不否认世界上存在任何一种具有超自然力量的东西，但是根据文章本段的but the main element that helps us build up our future isour way of being可知，作者认为影响我们未来的最主要的因素还是我们自己的所作所为，答案为B项。第7题【单选题】The western media was astonished to see that China/s GDP byalmost 40%just in two years time.A、flourishedB、floatedC、soaredD、roared【正确答案】C【答案解析】soar高涨，猛增。根据题意，正确答案应选Co第8题【单选题】She had come to England to pursue an acting career.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第9题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活,劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下,而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，country并不是“国家，而是指 农村。第10题【单选题】Besides oil and gas,the sea may offer new sources of energy.Forexample,warm temperature of the ocean can be used as the steam in asteamship.Sea may also offer a source of energy as electricity formankind.Why does the author mention a steamship?A、To illustrate that man can make use of sources of energy from thesea.B、To show that a steamship is better than other kinds of ships.C、To argue that man should use steamships.D、To indicate that it is warmer in the ocean than on land.【正确答案】A【答案解析】作者在文章中提到蒸汽船，就是为了说明人类可以利用很多种海洋资源。文章中说，除了石油和天然气，海洋还提供了很多新能源，接着就以蒸汽船为例证明这一点。第11题【单选题】While we cannot close the gulf between us,we can try to bridge it sothat we may be able to talk across it.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥,以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本句虽然用了连词w hile,但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因 此while可译为“虽然。此句中 的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为 搭一座桥 。第12题【单选题】Mans life is often compared a candle.A、asB、forC、withD、to【正确答案】D【答案解析】be compared to：.被比喻为。句 意:人生常被喻为蜡烛。答案选D。第13题【单选题】Give it to you think can do the work well.A、who thatB、whoeverC、whomeverD whom【正确答案】B【答案解析】whomever与whoever的区别在于前者只能作宾语，后者可以做主语或宾语。第 14题【单选题】This statement is not consistent what you said at yesterdaysmeeting.A、asB、withC、inD、for【正确答案】B【答案解析】be consistent with:和 一致。be consistent in:在某方面前后一致。句意：这个说法与你昨天会上的发言不相符。答案选Bo第 15题【单选题】The government on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008,and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.A、spendingB、spentC、costD、costing【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查的是现在分词的用法，spending onpurchase of cars在这里是一个现在分词短语。句意：2008年政府花费了 800亿用于购车，并且一年的使用和维护费用则高达3000亿。第16题【单选题】This television program provoked a spirited debate in the UnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】debate辩论；辩论会；dispute辩论；争吵。第 17题【单选题】The decline in moral standards,which has long concerned social analysts,has at last the attention of average Americans.A、clarifiedB、cultivatedC、characterizedD、ca ptu red【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题的四个选项意思各不相同，但能与题句空格 后 的 名 词attention搭 配 并 符 合 题 意 的 只 有 一 个。capture 捕获，吸 引（注意力）。根据题意，正确答案应选Do第 18题【单选题】The ISU won/t finally approve the new system until it meets in June butalready UK Sport,the British Government/s sports body,has expressedreservations.I remain to be convinced that the random selectionsystem would offer the guarantees that everyone concerned with ethicalsport is looking for,says Jerry Bingham,UK Sport/s head of ethics.Theattitude of those concerned in the UK to the new rules proposed by ISUcan be best described as.A、indifferent.B、reserved.C、enthusiastic.D、positive.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o根据本段第一句话可知英国对他们提出的新规则是持保留态度的。第19题【单选题】One reason is economic.In a traditional agricultural economy,largefamilies are helpful.Having more children means having more workers inthe fields and someone to take care of the parents in old age.In anindustrial economy,the situation is different.Many children do not helpa family;instead,they are an expense.Thus,industrialization hasgenerally brought down the birth rate.This was the case in Italy,whichwas industrialized quite recently and rapidly.In the early part of thetwentieth century,Italy was a poor,largely agricultural country with ahigh birth rate.After World Warm,Italys economy was rapidlymodernized and industrialized.By the end of the century,the birth ratehad dropped to 1.3 children per woman,the worlds lowest.In atraditional agricultural economy,a large f a mi l y.A、can be an advantageB、may limit incomeC、isnt necessaryD、is expensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A o对照本段In a traditional agriculturaleconomy,large families are helpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A,成为一个优势，答案是A。第20题【单选题】Its impossible to detach oneself from reality.A、scatterB、separateC、reformD prescribe【正确答案】B【答案解析】detach分离；派遣；使超然；separate分开；隔开；分居。第21题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第22题【单选题】We admire her for entering a famous university.A、honorB、appreciateC、prizeD、admit【正确答案】B【答案解析】adm ire钦佩;赞美；appreciate欣赏。第23题【单选题】The government on purchase of cars was 80 billion yuan in 2008,and use and maintenance amounts to around 300 billion yuan a year.A、spendingB、spentC、costD、costing【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查的是现在分词的用法，spending onpurchase of cars在这里是一个现在分词短语。句意：2008年政府花费了 800亿用于购车，并且一年的使用和维护费用则高达3000亿。第24题【单选题】Father had no more than a superficial knowledge of music.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】superficial 表面的;肤浅的；shallow浅的;肤浅的。第25题【单选题】His solution to the puzzle is ingenious.A、cleverB、savageC、capableD、federal【正确答案】A【答案解析】ingenious有独创性的；机灵的，精制的;心灵手巧的；clever聪明的；机灵的；熟练的。第26题【单选题】In 1994,United States Customs seized 204,391 pounds of cocaine,559,286 pounds of marijuana and 2,577 pounds of heroin.Just howmuch actually flows into the country is anyone/s guess.Some Customsofficials estimate that only 10 percent of the drugs coming into thecountry are ever seized.In Miami,the District Attorney（检察长）won/teven prosecute small fry.Its got to be over five kilos of cocaine,above akilo of heroin and more than 5,000 pounds of marijuana or its notsomething that were going to stop the presses on/says Tom Cash,aretired agent.Which of the following could best replace the expression“small fry“in the paragraph?A、Small dogsB、Small sheep dogsC、Small smugglersD、Small ringleaders【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。习语small fr y 为“不重要的任务的意思。从上下文可知，本处指C。第27题【单选题】Because of the Russian gas limit to Europe,attempts to usebotanical fuel as a source of power.A、have madeB、having madeC、are being madeD、will be making【正确答案】C【答案解析】考查动词时态和语态辨析。make attempts to dosth.是固定短语，所 以 attempts与 m ake是被动关系，所有只有C 符合。第28题【单选题】You can depend on whatever promise he makes.A、/B、whyC、whenD、whose【正确答案】A【答案解析】he makes是定语从句，从句前省略了关系代词that.第29题【单选题】Many artists express their world view in their work.A、presentB、preliminaryC、neglectD necessity【正确答案】A【答案解析】express表达；present提出；介绍；呈现。第30题【单选题】If I hadn/t been caught in the heavy rain,I could have been back by 7oclock.What a pity!Stella here to see you.A、isB、wasC、would beD、has been【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查动词时态。题干对话中第一句表达与过去事实相反的假设，第二句陈述的是过去的事实。第31题【单选题】Would you l i ke,sir?No,thanks.I have had much.A、some more orangesB、any more orangesC、some more orangeD、any more orange【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o当用委婉的语气希望得到对方肯定回答的时候，疑问句中的some不能变成any。从答语中的much可判断出前面的名词应该是不可数的。此句话的汉语意思是：一先生，还要点橙汁吗？一不了，谢谢，我已喝了很多了。第32题【单选题】There is no for practical experience.A、substituteB、sympathyC、likelyD、gra nt【正确答案】A【答案解析】substitute代用品；代替者。第33题【单选题】Technology is enabling man to explore even deeper under the sea.It isobvious that the technology to harvest the sea continues to improve.Bythe 2050,experts believe that the problems to explore the food,minerals and energy resources of the sea will have been largelysolved.According to the author,when will the problems to explore thedeeper sea largely be solved?A、In the next generation.B、By the end of the 20th century.C、In the near future.D、By the middle of the 21st century.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段提到 By the 2050,experts believe that theproblems to explore the food,minerals and energy resources ofthe sea will have been largely solved.21 世纪五十年代。就是2050年左右。第34题【单选题】I guessed vaguely from the hurrying to and fro in the house,thatsomething unusual was about to happen.A、我从人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去，大约猜出一件不一般的事就要发生了。B、人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去，我模模糊糊地预感到一件不寻常的事就要发生了。C、一件不寻常的事要发生了，这是我从屋子里匆匆地走来走去的人们那猜来的。D、我隐隐约约地预感到一件不一般的事情要发生了，从人们在屋里匆匆地走来走去。【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这里需要注意要把the hurrying to and fro inthe house翻译在前面，这样更符合汉语的表达习惯。第35题【单选题】It is important that I with Mr.Williams immediately.A、speakB、spokeC、will speakD、to speak【正确答案】A【答案解析】It is important that是主语从句的虚拟语气,从句用sb.should do的形式。第36题【单选题】The book last month sells well.A、publishedB、publishingC、to be publishedD、being published【正确答案】A【答案解析】题意：上月出版的那本书卖得很好。上个月出版的书，表示的是已经完成的动作，用过去分词published,相当于 which was publishedo第37题【单选题】This is the magazine I copied the paragraph.A、thatB、whichC、from thatD、from which【正确答案】D【答案解析】copied the paragraph from the magazine.第38题【单选题】“Geochemists just want an intuitive sense of whats going on with theelements/says Albert Galy from the University of C a m b r i d g e.A、An earth scientist has rejigged the periodic table to makechemistry simpler to teach to students.B、The traditional periodic table was well drawn.C、imagine contour lines would be good for undergraduates/D、But he has added contour lines to charge density,helping toexplain which ions react with which.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 这一段是剑桥大学的Albert Galy的原话，我们可以从引导整个关键点得出答案。即：“地学化学家们只想通过直觉判断元素的活动。我想等高线对学生们有好处。第39题【单选题】I failed in the final examination last term and only then theimportance of studies.A、I realizedB、I had realizedC、had I realizedD did I realize【正确答案】D【答案解析】only+状语放在句首时，主句用倒装语序，只把助动词、情态动词或be放在主语前。此句为一般过去时，在主语前加助动词d id,谓语动词用原形。第40题【单选题】You will find that,your roommate will turn out to be your bestfriend.A、all in allB、for the most partC、in the long runD in the end【正确答案】C【答案解析】all in all整体而言。for the most part在很大程度上。in the long run从长远来看。in the end最终。第41题【单选题】What might for this strange phenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第42题【单选题】In the last 500 years,nothing about people-not their clothes,ideas,orlanguages has changed as much as what they eat.The original chocolatedrink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree（可可树）by SouthAmerican Indians.The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the worldduring the 1500/s.And although it was very expensive,it quickly becamefashionable.In London,shops where chocolate drinks were servedbecame important meeting places.Some still exist today,Some in thelast sentence of the paragraph refers to.A、some cocoa treesB、some chocolate drinksC、some shops.D、some South American Indians【正确答案】C【答案解析】这类题的答案一般在前一句中寻找。通常指前一句中提到的内容。这里的som e指代的是前一句中的shopso第43题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表示 只的意思。第44题【单选题】She cant help the house because she/s busy making a cake.A、to cleanB、cleaningC、cleanedD、being cleaned【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。注意以下两个结构均可用，但是含义 不 同:cant help doing sth.意为“禁不住做某事,情不自禁地做某事；cant help to do sth.意为 不能帮助做某事。第45题【单选题】This thesis led to a radical change of labor policies.A、temporaryB、terminateC、essentialD、reserve【正确答案】C【答案解析】radical根 本 的;essential基本的；本质的。第46题【单选题】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed.Strongunions keep them there.In Fleet Street,home of some of Londonsbiggest dailies,it is understood that when two unions quarrel over threejobs the argument is settled by giving each union two.That means 33per cent over manning,33 per cent less productivity than could beobtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities ariseamong British unionsA、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions w川 try to increase productivity.【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者.there are more men thanare needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs,theargument is settled by giving each union two”,接下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着33 per cent over manning,33per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第47题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofc