2021年10月陕西西安电子科技大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

【考研英语】2021年10月陕西西安电子科技大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道(附答案解析)第1题【单选题】Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paidleave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up that dubious distinction by establishing paid familyleave starting in 2011.I wasnt surprised when this didnt make the newshere in the United Stateswe/re now the only wealthy country withoutsuch a policy.The United States does have one explicit family policy,theFamily and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to asmuch as 12 weeks unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with afamily medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,theChamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as government run personnel management”and a“dangerous precedent.In fact,every step of the way,as(usually)Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balancemeasures into the law,business groups have been stronglyopposed.What has prevented the passing of work-family balance laws inthe United States?A、The lack of a precedent in American history.B、The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.C、The opposition from business circles.D、The incompetence of the Democrats.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 事实细节题。根据题干定位到第2段末句。本句中提到，尽管民主党领导人努力将工作与家庭的平衡措施提上立法日程，但那些商业组织还是一直都强烈反对。C 项中的opposition与文中的strongly opposed相对,business circles与文中的business groups相对应，故正确答案为 C 项。文中说 家庭与医疗休假法在 1993年时通过，故排除A 项“在美国历史上没有先例；B 项”现有的 家庭与医疗休假法“，并非主要原因；文中提到民主党领导人支持工作与家庭的平衡措施的实施，只是遭到了来自商业团体的反对，故排除D 项“民主党的无能。第2题【单选题】All that can be eaten eaten up.A、are beingB、has beenC、had beenD、have been【正确答案】B【答案解析】本句话中，主句的主语是a ll,为抽象概念。因此，其谓语应用单数的has been.关系代词that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语.第3题【单选题】your test paper carefully,and some mistakes can certainly beavoided,I think.A、Having checkedB、CheckC、As long as you checkD、While checking【正确答案】B【答案解析】由于有并列连词and,说明前后两部分都要是一个单句，而不是从句或短语。第4题【单选题】the few who have failed in their examination,all the otherstudents in the hall are in very high spirits.A、In spite thatB、But forC、Apart fromD For the sake of【正确答案】C【答案解析】apart from 除 之外，只有该词组符合题意。第5题【单选题】The hurricane was incredibly devastating and left thousands homeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第6题【单选题】Unemployment seems to be the social problem in this areaand may undermine social stability.A、prevalentB、primitiveC、previousD、premature【正确答案】A【答案解析】prevalent“普遍的，流行的。根据题意，正确答案应选A。第7题【单选题】方程的根的个数为（）A、3B、2C、1D、0【正确答案】C【答案解析】第8题【单选题】They will get the preparation done early in May.A、他们五月初就能让别人准备完工作。B、他们五月初就能准备好工作。C、他们早在五月份就能把准备工作做完。D、他们五月初就能把准备工作做完。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 首先需要注意early in May表示 五月初的意思，选 项 A让别人准备完这种表达是不准确的;此外get the preparation done表示的是“把准备工作做完,选 项B的表达不是很准确。第9题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第10题【单选题】When I graduated from high school,my family had a business so I neverthought about getting a college degree.I went straight from my highschool graduation to work for my father.After 24 years of ups and downs(mostly downs),I decided that I wanted to return to school and earn adegree in Business Administration.Why didnt the author go on witheducation after graduating from high school?A、To help her father with business.B、To escape from school life.C、To experience social life early.D To achieve her dream.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。该题目主要考查考生对文章主人公相关细节的了解。根据题干内容，此细节定位于文章本段讲述自己高中毕业后经历的部分。文中讲到“当我高中毕业时，爸爸正在做生意。所以我压根没有考虑过继续获得大学学位的事情，毕业后直接转向为爸爸工作。可判断A选项与原文句意一致。第11题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表示 只 的意思。第12题【单选题】The delta and narrow Nile Valley to the south make up only 3 percent ofEgypts land but are home to 96 percent of her population.A、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷组成了埃及土地的百分之三,却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。B、三角洲和通向南边的狭窄的尼罗河河谷组成了埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。C、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，却有百分之九十六的人口住在这里。D、三角洲和南边狭窄的尼罗河河谷只占埃及土地的百分之三，但却是百分之九十六的人口的家园。【正确答案】C【答案解析】are home to.若译作“是 的家则不顺，所以把名词改为动词，译作 住在这里第13题【单选题】My teacher had been with me several weeks before I understood thateverything has a name.A、我的老师和我相处了好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。B、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字以前，我的老师和我相处了好几个星期。C、老师教了我好几个星期以后，我才知道每样东西都有一个名字。D、我在知道每样东西都有一个名字之前，老师教了我好几个星期。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o 本题考查before的译法。第 14题【单选题】We have to modify our plan a little bit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正确答案】C【答案解析】m odify修改，修饰；更改;adjust调整，使适合。第 15题【单选题】Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expertperformers in a wide range of pursuits,including soccer.They gather allthe data they cannot just predominance statistics and biographicaldetails but also the results of their own lavatory experiments with highachievers.Their work makes a rather startling assertion:the trait wecommonly call talent is highly overrated.Or,put another way,expertperformers whether in memory or surgery,ballet or computerprogramming are nearly always made,not born.Ericsson and hiscolleagues believe that.A、talent is a dominating factor for professional successB、biographical data provide the key to excellent performanceC、the role of talent tends to be overlookedD、high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o推理判断题。作者用了类似“令人震惊的结论这样浓墨重彩的表达突出了文章的最终结论“Their work makes a rather startling assertion:the trait wecommonly call talent is highly overrated.Or;put another way,expert performers whether in memory or surgery,ballet orcomputer programming are nearly always made,not born/（他们的研究得出的结论令人惊讶：我们高估了通常称为天赋的特质。或者，换种方式来讲，表现出众的人一一无论记忆力超群者还是外科专家，无论舞姿优美的芭蕾舞演员还是出色的电脑程序设计员一一几乎都不是天生的，而是后天造就的。）其中A和C选项和原文主题观点相反；B是支持“出生年月日决定论 是文章开篇所举的反例中的观点，所以均不正确。第 16题【单选题】What do you think of the manager of your company?Oh,he ismanager who/s pleasant to work with.Its pleasure towork with him.A、the,aB、a,aC、a,theD、不填,a【正确答案】B【答案解析】前半句表示“他是那种很好共事的人，两空均用不定冠词。第 17题【单选题】The ambassador was a skillful English-speaking diplomat.A、这位大使是个英语讲得很熟练的外交家。B、这位大使是个精通英语的外交家。C、这位大使会讲英语，外交技能很娴熟。D、这位大使是个能讲英语的干练的外交家。【正确答案】D第18题【单选题】Because of the Russian gas limit to Europe,attempts to usebotanical fuel as a source of power.A、have madeB、having madeC、are being madeD、will be making【正确答案】C【答案解析】考查动词时态和语态辨析。make attempts to dosth.是固定短语，所 以 attempts与 m ake是被动关系，所有只有C 符合。第19题【单选题】Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based on the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“My daughter always has school dinners.I think she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Susan/s daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答 案 选C o细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning 可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故 选 项C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第20题【单选题】popular belief,the ostrich does not hide its head in sand whenfrightened;it runs away.A、As toB、Opposite toC、Due toD、Contrary to【正确答案】D【答案解析】As to关于。Opposite to对立/对面（方位/身份/性别）。Dueto因为。Contrary to违反/反对（观点/态度）。第 21题【单选题】Nothing but disaster would come from such a plan.A、这个计划没有一点用。B、这个计划只能招致灾祸。C、这个计划一点害处也没有。D、这个计划是要战胜一切灾害。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。nothing but表 示 案”的意思。第 22题【单选题】This train will terminate at Sheffield.A、endB、sympathyC、campaignD、attribute【正确答案】A【答案解析】terminate使终止；使结束；解雇；e n d结束，终止；终结。第 23题【单选题】Dont your health.A、recommendB、enterC、slipD、neglect【正确答案】D【答案解析】neglect疏忽，忽视；忽略。第24题【单选题】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing.Ifound writing for that site was not my cup of tea.However,myexperience there was positive as I was rewarded with even morelearning opportunities just by dipping my toes into the water.ThroughAssociated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging.I decidedto learn how to set up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer.What is the author/s purpose of using thesite Associated Content?A、To write for the site Yahoo!Contributor Network.B、To know more about other writers.C、To have one of his articles published.D、To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn how toset up a blog myself.Now Im interested in blogging andcontinue to work as a writer确定D答案。A选项是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B选项不是作者的目的；C选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第25题【单选题】When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or insome way does not live up to the manufacturer/s claim for it,the firststep is to present the warranty,or any other records which might help,atthe store of purchase.In most cases,this action will produce results.However,if it does not,there are various means the consumer may useto gain satisfaction.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、In personB、Polite ConsumersC、Show RecordsD、Store Manager【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o文章第一段讲述了大部分顾客买到假冒伪劣产品时首先会拿着保单或其他单据去要求退换或索赔，而这种方法通常是起到作用的。然后又说到如果这个方法不好使的话，还有其他办法。所以总体上这一段是介绍买到假冒伪劣产品时，首先要提供单据证明你的购买是真实的。第26题【单选题】Today the messages the average Westerner is surrounded with are notreligious but commercial,and forever happy.Fast-food eaters,newsanchors,text messengers,all smiling,smiling,smiling.Our magazinesfeature beaming celebrities and happy families in perfect homes.Andsince these messages have an agendato lure us to open ourwalletsthey make the very idea of happiness seem unreliable.“Celebrate!”commanded the ads for the arthritis drug Celebrex,beforewe found out it could increase the risk of heart attacks.In the authorsopinion,a d v e r t is in g.A、emerges in the wake of the anti团happy artB、is a cause of disappointment for the general publicC、replaces the church as a major source of informationD、creates an illusion of happiness rather than happiness itself【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o观点态度题。本段第4句指出，商业 文 化（其代表就是广告）传达快乐信息的目的是诱使我们打开钱包，而这使快乐的概念本身变得不可信了。接着指出，我们忘记了，幸福不仅仅是没有痛苦的享乐，那些带来最大快乐的东西同时也最有可能带来巨大的损失和失望。由此可知,广告带给我们的快乐是一种不真实的感受。因此D 正确。第27题【单选题】The country was a place where men worked from dawn to dark,and thelabourer lived not in the sun,but in poverty and darkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活,劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下,而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选 A o 本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，country并不是国家，而是指 农村第28题【单选题】Shortly after the accident,two police were sent to the spot tokeep order.A、dozens ofB、dozensC、dozen ofD、dozen【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中一些表示数字的名词的前面如果用了数词，这些名词必须是单数形式，如 dozen（一打），score（二十）和 head（头）等。但是如果这些名词用来指某些可数名词时，这些名词呈复数形式，其后应加上介词of。第29题【单选题】all the threats,many companies are sending IT professionalsto courses like those Cohen offers.A、GaveB、GivingC、GiveD、Given【正确答案】D【答 案 解 析】本 题 考 查 的 是 非 谓 语 动 词 的 用 法，manycompanies和 give之间是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词。第30题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第31题【单选题】I would class my garden as medium in size.A、单调的B、中等的C、温暖的D、使命【正确答案】B【答案解析】medium ad j.中间的，中等的；半生熟的。第32题【单选题】The hurricane was incredibly devastating and left thousands homeless.A、forcefulB、mightyC、destructiveD、dangerous【正确答案】C【答案解析】devastating毁灭性的。destructive破 坏（或毁灭）性的。参考译文：飓风以其难以令人置信的破坏力使得成千上万的人无家可归。第33题【单选题】The world is not only hungry;it is also thirsty for water.This may seemstrange to you,since nearly 75%of the earth/s surface is covered withwater.But about 97%of this huge amount is sea-water,or salt water.Man can only drink and use the other 3%-the fresh water that comesfrom rivers,lakes,underground,and other sources.And we cannot evenuse all of that,because some of it is in the form of icebergs（冰山）andglaciers（冰I）.Even worse,some of it has been polluted.Whatpercentage of the earths water can man actually use at present?A、Nearly 75 per centB、About 97 per centC、Exactly 3 per centD Less than 3 per cent【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段得知，地球上只有3%的水适于人类饮用，然而部分以冰山或冰川的形式存在，还有的被污染，因而实际上人类能用的水要低于3%。第34题【单选题】Fifty years ago,wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for funsightseeing.A、than to goB、rather than to goC、more than goingD、other than going【正确答案】C【答案解析】rather than而不。more than超过/非常/比 更。other than 除了。第35题【单选题】I had the illusion that I was driving through one immensely long,narrowfarm.A、我有一种错觉，我是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。B、我感到仿佛是在驱车穿过一个特别狭长的农场。C、当我在开车穿过一个特别狭长的农场时产生了一种幻觉。D、我仿佛产生了一种错觉，那就是我开车穿过一个极长而狭窄的农场。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选Bo had the illusion表示的是开车时的一种感觉，所以译为“我感觉仿佛 这样比较好，而不直译为 错觉 。第36题【单选题】Two little boys in particular caught our attentionA、两个小男孩特别注意我们。回B、两个特别的小男孩子尤其引起我们的注意。C、两个穿着特别的小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。团D、两个小男孩尤其引起我们的注意。【正确答案】D第37题【单选题】Drug use accounts for approximately three-quarters of all reportedcases of HIV in the country.A、possiblyB、roughlyC、generallyD specificly【正确答案】B【答案解析】approximately大致地，近似地。roughly大体上，大致上。参考译文：在那个国家，在所报道的所有艾滋病病例中，吸毒者约占75%。第38题【单选题】Facing growing costs and shrinking tax,the government is nowthreatening to cut funding for environmental protection programs.A、budgetB、collectionC、profitD revenue【正确答案】D【答案解析】revenue 收入，税收，尤指国家的岁入。根据题意，正确答案应为D。第39题【单选题】This the last place where I expected to meet you.A、这是我最后一次见到你的地方。B、我希望在最不可能的地方见到你。C、我怎么也没有料到会在这个地方见到你。D、我期望最后会在此与你重逢。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题考查“the last place的意译。第40题【单选题】A powerful indictment of America/s disregard of ecology,Silent Springwas aimed chiefly at the wholesale use of chemical pesticides,especiallyDDT.A、一个对美国忽视生态的有力控诉，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。B、沉默的春天有力地控诉了美国忽视生态，它主要是针对大规模使用农药一一特别是滴滴涕。C、有力地控诉了美国对生态的忽视，沉默的春天主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕。D、沉默的春天 对美国忽视生态，主要是针对大规模使用农药，特别是滴滴涕的使用，进行了有力的控诉。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本句的主语是Silent Spring,注意Apowerful indictment of”的翻译。第41题【单选题】I opened the book and found a number of mistakes.A、on occasionB、on averageC、at randomD、on sale【正确答案】C【答案解析】on occasion偶尔。on average平均。at random任意。on sale打折。第42题【单选题】S m o k i n g,i s a bad habit,is,however,popular.A thatB、whichC、itD、though【正确答案】B【答案解析】which is a bad habit非限制性定语从句.第43题【单选题】Peter has a changeable character.A、roleB、dispositionC、symbolD、nature【正确答案】B【答案解析】character性格，品质；disposition性情。第44题【单选题】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property ishome to trees that have lived for thousands of years.All of the villagesthroughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls acertain amou