【英语】Unit 5 Reading and Thinking课文知识点详解 2023-2024学年高中人教版2019选择性必修第一册.pptx

Unit 5Working the landReading and Thinkinglanguage points词汇巩固与重点句式Para.1 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLEYuan Longping,known as the“father of hybrid rice”,is one of Chinas most famous scientists.Yet,he considers himself a farmer because he continually works the land in his research.Indeed,his slim but strong body is just like that of millionof Chinese farmers,to whom he has devoted his life.“被被称作称作”；过去；过去分词短语作定语分词短语作定语devoteto把把用于；献身；致力；专心用于；献身；致力；专心替代替代 the body非限制性非限制性定语定语从句从句“consider(to be/as)+n/adj.”把把看做；认为看做；认为是是1.作为而出名_;2.杂交水稻之父_3.耕种土地_;4.献身于；致力于_be known asfather of hybrid ricework the landdevote.to.1.consider vt.认为，觉得；认为，觉得；vi.&vt.仔细考虑仔细考虑核心用法核心用法(1)consider sb./sth(as/to be)n./adj.认为某人/某物(被动被动)(2)be considered to have done sth.被认为做了某事(3)consider itadj./n.to do/that从句.认为是的(it形宾）形宾）adj.常为necessary（essential）,important,polite(4)consider doing sth.考虑做某事This award is considered(to be)a great honour.这个奖被视为极大的荣誉。Hes considered to have gone abroad.大家都认为他出国了。I consider it a foolish idea to accept the invitation.我认为接受这个邀请是一个愚蠢的想法。We are considering going to Hainan for the Spring Festival.我们正在考虑去海南过春节。即学即练单句语法填空My parents are considering _(buy)a computer,which is considered _(be)of great help with my work and study.Charles Chaplin is considered _(make)a great contribution to the film industry.Bill considers _ harmful to stay up late in the night.语境助记 I have never _changing my present job because I like it.Whats more,a teacher is _generallyto be a gardener and is respected by others.我从来没有想过要改变我现在的工作，因为我喜欢这份工作；更重要的是，人们普遍认为老师是园丁，而且(老师)受人尊敬 considered considered2.devote v.把把献献(给给)；把；把专用于；专心于专用于；专心于_ n.奉献；忠诚；深爱核心用法核心用法 devote ones life/time/money/energy to(doing)sth.把某人的一生/时间/金钱/精力奉献于(做)某事devote oneself to(doing)sth.献身于/致力于/专心于做某事 devoted adj.忠诚的；深爱的投入的(committed)a devoted father be devoted to.对忠诚；深爱 devotion即学即练单句语法填空_(devote)_ teaching the deaf children,the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.You will never gain success unless you are fully _(devote)to your work.We really appreciate your _(devote)to our company.Para.2Yuan Longping was born in 1930 in Beijing.His parents wanted him to pursue a career in science or medicine.However,what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.To tackle this crisis,he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.表语从句表语从句在句子中不作成分，没有含义在句子中不作成分，没有含义不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语主语从句主语从句1.从事（追求）科学或医药事业从事（追求）科学或医药事业_2.让让最关心最关心_;3.欠收欠收_4.严重缺乏食物严重缺乏食物_;5.解决这个危机解决这个危机_pursue a career in science or medicineconcern.mostpoor harvestshave a serious shortage of foodtackle this crisisHowever,what concerned him most was that farmers often had poor harvests and sometimes even had a serious shortage of food to eat.然而，让他最担心的是农民经常收成不好，有时甚至是严重的食物短缺。此句是由what引导的_从句，what在从句中作_语；此句是由that引导的_从句，that在此句中不充当成分，但不能省略.翻译：我想要说的就是我们应该用更认真的态度对待学习。What I want to say is that we should take a more serious attitude towards study.事故的起因是未知的What caused the accident remains unknown.Practice:1._ impresses me about his painting is the colors he uses.2.The result is _ we won the game.Whatthat主语主表语3.shortage n.不足；缺少；短缺不足；缺少；短缺核心用法核心用法 food/water/housing shortages 食物/用水/住房短缺 a shortage of 缺乏 short adj.不足的；缺乏的 be short of 缺乏，不足 in short 总之；简言之A (short)of funds is preventing the UN from monitoring relief.short,I like online reading more than paper reading.The going was slow on the project skilled workers.这项工程进展缓慢，因为缺少熟练的工人。shortageInbecause of a shortage of即学即练即学即练Para.3However,whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.The common assumption then was that it could not be done.Through intense effort,Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974.This hybrid enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.是个是个问题问题主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句定语从句定语从句使使能够做某事能够做某事v.扩大扩大；增加；增加Para.31.增加产量增加产量_;2.确信确信_3.引起巨大争议的事情引起巨大争议的事情_;4.通过不懈努力通过不懈努力_5.克服了巨大的技术困难克服了巨大的技术困难_;6.使某人能够做某事使某人能够做某事_7.扩大产量扩大产量_;boost yieldsbe convinced thata matter of great debateThrough intense effortovercome enormous technical difficultiesenable sb.to do sth.expand output However,whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-polinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.然而，是否可能开发出水稻等自花授粉作物的杂交品种，是一件有巨大争议的事。whether it was possible to.是由whether引导的_从句，当主语从句充当主语时，谓语动词一般用_。翻译：他是否要来，还没有决定。Whether he will come has not been decided.主语单数判断一下句子属于哪一种从句1.Yuan Longping realised that larger fields were not the solution.2.Instead,farmers needed to boost yields in the fields they had.3.Yuan was convinced that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.4.One characteristic of hybrids is that they usually attain a higher yield than conventional crops.5.whether it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.6.The common assumption then was that it could not be done.7.Yuan overcame enormous technical difficulties to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974宾语从句定语从句主语从句表语从句宾语从句表语从句定语从句4.convince v.使相信；使确信；说服使相信；使确信；说服_ adj.令人信服的（物）_adj.确信的；坚信的（人）convincingconvinced 核心用法核心用法convince sb.of sth.使某人确信/明白某事convince sb.that.使某人相信convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事 be convinced of.(某人)坚信be convinced that (某人)坚信即学即练单句语法填空Youll need to convince them _ your enthusiasm for the job.I think you can help me convince my father _(leave)_(convince)that he was wrong,he felt very sad.Shell cook up a _(convince)explanation for her failure.Im _(convince)that he is not telling the truth.5.attain v.(通常经过努力通常经过努力)获得；得到获得；得到_ adj.可获得的；可达到的_ n.达到；成就attainableGreat achievements cant (attain)unless one concentrates on what he is doing.If the solutions are so (attain),why havent we reached them yet?The (attain)of his ambitions was still a dream.语境串记He had thought the goal was easily_,but he didnt _it for lack of work experience.So he considers the goal to be_ for him at present.他原以为这个目标容易达到，但由于缺乏工作经验，他没有达到。所以目前他认为这个目标对他来说是无法实现的。be attainedattainableattainment即学即练即学即练unattainable attainable attainattainment6.assumption n.假定；设定；假定；设定；(责任的责任的)承担；承担；(权力的权力的)获得获得_ v.假定；假设；承担；假装assume核心用法核心用法 on the assumption that.假定make assumptions/an assumption(about)对作出假设/假定；认为 assume sb./sth.(to be)+adj./n 假定/认为某人/某事(为)It is assumed that.人们认为即学即练单句语法填空Try to understand whats actually happening instead of acting on the _(assume)youve made.Websites and social networks track your location and search history and make assumptions _ your age,race and sex.What will you do _ the assumption that you cant beat him in the first round of the match?Para.4Today,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.Yuans innovation has helped feed not just China,but many other countries that depend on rice as well,such as India and Vietnam.Because of his invaluable contributions,Yuan Longping has received numerous awards both in China and abroad.“据估计据估计”it是形式主语，是形式主语，that引导引导的从句是真正的从句是真正的的主语主语由由组成组成转折并列连词转折并列连词that引导的定语从句引导的定语从句，that在在从句中作主语从句中作主语1.据估计据估计_;2.由由组成组成_3.允许某人做某事允许某人做某事_;4.在国内外在国内外_it is estimated thatbe comprised of allow sb.to do sth.both in China and abroadToday,it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops generated from Yuans hybrid strains,and his strains have allowed Chinas farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year.据估算现在中国国内消费的稻米有大约60%来自袁隆平的杂交水稻品种形成的作物，这些品种形成的作物让中国农民每年能够生产出大约两亿吨稻米。it is estimated that.是一个主语从句，it 充当的是形式主语，真正的主语为that后面的部分。在that引导的从句中，主语about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption由“百分数+of+名词”构成，谓语动词的数应与名词的数保持一致。consumption是不可数名词，故谓语动词用is.generated from是过去分词作后置定语，修饰crops.单句语法填空(2019江苏宿迁期末)Ocean plastic is estimated _(kill)millions of animals every year.(2021上海市西南位育中学期中)_ is estimated that the number of tourists who travel abroad has doubled in the past decade.完成句子我估计他的年龄大约30岁。I _ about 30据估计，这项工程将持续四年。_ that the project will last four years.8.estimate v.估计；估价；估算估计；估价；估算 n.估计；估算估计；估算核心用法核心用法 estimate sth.at sth.估计有 be estimated that.据估计 be estimated to be.估计 by estimate 按照估计 below estimate 低于估计estimate his age to beIt is estimatedto killItPara.5Given that Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy,one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.However,this is far from the case.Deep down,Yuan is still very much a farmer at heart.As a man of the soil,he cares little for celebrity or money.Instead,he makes large donations to support agricultural research.“given+that从句从句”考虑考虑到，鉴于，引导条件状语从句到，鉴于，引导条件状语从句makes large donations大量捐款大量捐款省略了连接词省略了连接词that的宾语的宾语从句从句1.鉴于鉴于_;2.退休去过闲适的生活退休去过闲适的生活_3.事实远非如此事实远非如此_;4.在内心深处在内心深处_ 5.不在乎名利与金钱不在乎名利与金钱_;6.捐了大量款捐了大量款_given thatretire to a life of leisurefar from the casedeep downcare little for celebrity or moneymake large donations to Given that Yuans hybrids have made him quite wealthy,one might think he would retire to a life of leisure.考虑到袁隆平的杂交作物已经让他变得相当富有，人们可能会认为他会退休享受悠闲的生活。完成句子 考虑到她喜欢小孩子，我可以肯定教书是很适合她的职业。_，Im sure teaching is the right career for her.Given that she is interested in childrenConsidering that she is interested in childrenGiven/Considering her interest in childrengiven prep.意为“鉴于，考虑到”，构成“giventhat从句”，在句中常作状语。特别提示：given可以用considering来替换Given their inexperience，theyve done a good job.考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们已经做得不错了。Given that he has had six months to finish the task,he hasnt made much progress.鉴于他有六个月的时间完这项工作，他并没有取得太多进展。From his slow walk,Gill realized he was far from well.看他步履缓慢的样子，吉尔意识到他的身体还远未恢复。Far from being relaxed,we both felt so uncomfortable that we hardly spoke.我们两人非但没有放松，反而都感觉很不自在，几乎没有说话。I know a nice little Italian restaurant not far from here.我知道有家不错的意大利小餐馆离这儿不远。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子For many foreigners,ever if they have learned Chinese for several years,they are still far from _(be)experts at this complex language.Is the post office _(远离)our school?No,its only about 2 kilometers.You can walk there.远非完全不远离far from 远非；完全不；远离=far away from特别提示：表示具体的距离时，不能用far(away)from，要用away from,away可以省略。他家离这儿有两英里远。【误】His home is two miles far(away)from here.【正】His home is two miles(away)from here.Para.6What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.Long ago,he envisioned rice plants as tall as sorghum,with each ear of rice as big as a broom,and each grain of rice as huge as a peanut.He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad.不定式作定语不定式作定语主语从句主语从句成功地做某事成功地做某事在国内外在国内外1.实现他的梦想实现他的梦想_ _;2.成功做某事成功做某事_3.富有远见富有远见_;4.构思，创造构思，创造_fulfill his dreamssucceed in doing sth.full of visiondream upWhat impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.袁隆平给人们印象最深的事他不断实现梦想的能力。What impresses people most.是一个_。意思是“令人印象最深刻的是”。翻译：这座城市令人印象最深刻的就是它的多元文化。What impresses people most about the city is its cultural diversity.fulfil his dreams表示“实现梦想”，类似的表达还有：realize/achieve/act out ones dream;make ones dream come true主语从句with+宾语+宾补prep 短语adj/adv短语to dodoingdonen 短语表示动作将要发生表示主动或正在进行表示被动或完成“with+宾语+宾语补足语”称为with的复合结构，此结构在句中常作状语，可位于句首或句尾，常作时间、原因、方式、伴随状语，亦可作后置定语with each ear of rice as big as a broom.The girl looked up with tears in her eyes.They set up a football team,with Tom their leader.With the teacher standing beside，she felt a bit uneasy.With his hair cut,he looks much younger.With her to go with us,were sure to have a pleasant journey.The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on.With his parents away,Tom becomes more naughty.prep 短语adv短语to dodoingdonen 短语With her parents dead,the girl had to left school.adj短语找出with复合结构中的宾补，并判断何种词性及其短语1.With a lot of homework _，I cant go skating with you.因为有很多作业要做，我不能和你一起去滑冰了。2.With more and more forests/trees_,some animals are facing the danger of dying out.由于越来越多的森林/树木被砍伐，一些动物正面临着灭绝的危险。3.With a local guide _,we got there easily.有地方向导带路，我们很容易就到了那儿。With summer _(come),the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.随着夏天的到来，天气越来越热With Mr.Smith_(teach)them English next term,they will be greatly improved in spoken English.下学期史密斯先生教他们英语，他们的口语会大有提高即学即练to docut downleading the wayto teach coming_ the room was very cold.老师手里拿着书走进来。(with+宾语+介词短语)门窗大开，屋内很冷。(with+宾语+形容词)With the door and windows open wide,The teacher came in _.with a book in his hand有本地人当向导，我们不必担心会迷路(with+宾语+名词)。_,we neednt be afraid to get lost.With a native our guide