技巧12 如何设计动作-高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练.docx

优点英语高一英语读后续写基础技巧与整体演练技巧12 如何设计动作动作描写技巧略谈读后续写试题都是要求我们续写人物经历，补充故事情节。在答题中存在的典型问题为情节构思与前文不连接、续写内容欠丰满、语言表达欠生动等。其重要原因就是不会根据文章主题和故事发展的需要生动、细致地描写主要人物的动作，导致续写文章情节失真、内容平淡、人物苍白、语言空洞。以下就是动作描写的三个技巧：一、描写精准化怎样使用精准化动作类词汇对动作进行细致描写呢？其实很简单，用一系列小动作而不用大动作，或者用含义比较明确的动词，而不用抽象或虚化的动词来描述，可以使描写更加具体生动。试比较下面两句:The little boy said sorry to his mother.小男孩对他妈妈说对不起。The little boy hung his head and mumbled an apology to his mother.小男孩垂着头，咕哝着向他母亲道歉。分析：第一句中“said sorry to”不带任何感情色彩,而第二句中使用了具体化的表示“说”的动词mumbled（咕哝），从而使一个不愿意道歉又不得不道歉的小男孩的形象栩栩如生地复现在读者脑海中。除了精准选用表示动作的词语，而且要给动词加上适当的修饰成分。适当的修饰语能细致地表达出动作的时间、幅度、速度、力度等，使人物形象更具活力，能更好地表现人物的鲜明个性与思想境界。动作描写中最常见的修饰成分就是状语，如副词、介词短语等。例如，在体现动作的迅速和短暂时，我们可以添加以下修饰语：suddenly、immediately、without pausing、without delay等。比如下面两句：The wolf also noticed them and turned its head back, shouting at Paul and Becky.狼也注意到他们，回头朝保罗和贝基大喊大叫。At the same time, the wolf also noticed them and fiercely turned its head back, shouting loudly at Paul and Becky.与此同时，狼也注意到了他们，恶狠狠地转过头，对保罗和贝基大声大叫。分析：第二句中加上了at the same time与此同时/ fiercely激烈地/ loudly大声地这三个副词，把这两个人遇到狼这个危险情况生动表达了出来。至于有哪些重要的副词，可以丰富我们的句子表达呢？在后面的课程中，我们会有专题讲解，请大家耐心等哦。二、动作过程化记叙文中有不少动作描写是一连串动作过程的展示。尤其在展示人物个性的动作时,如果我们蜻蜓点水、一笔带过,就很难突出人物形象,也很难给人以深刻的印象,而通过细节描写展现出动作的过程,表现力便会大增。我们来看下面两句:She went to catch the butterfly.她去捉蝴蝶。She crept along the path,bent over swiftly and cupped her hands around the butterfly gently.她蹑手蹑脚地走着小路，迅速弯下腰，轻轻地绕着蝴蝶。分析：第句在描写主人公捕捉蝴蝶的动作时,没有细节的动作描写,因此显得很平淡。而句运用了creep爬,bend弯腰, cup（使成杯型）三个连贯的动词生动具体地描述了主人公小心翼翼捕捉蝴蝶的微妙过程,具有极强的画面感。因此,在续写过程中,在必要的地方恰当使用一连串的动词来表示过程,能为文章增添不少色彩。三、语言修辞化除了在动词上做调整,还可以利用恰当的修辞手法来帮助描写动作。比喻、拟人、夸张等修辞手法都能让动作描写变得更有表现力。(1）第一组The old mans face wrinkled.老人的脸皱了起来。The old mans face was like a withered apple.老人的脸像一个枯萎的苹果。分析：第句使用了比喻，不说“皱起来”，而说“像一个枯萎的苹果”，使得脸上动作描述，更加生动形象，更加吸引眼球。(2)第二组：My stomach was aching for not eating on time.我的胃因不按时吃饭而疼痛。My stomach was punishing me for not eating on time.我的胃在惩罚我没有按时吃东西。分析：第句使用了拟人，不说“疼痛”，而说“惩罚了我”，更加生动有趣。(3)第三组When she heard the bad news, she cried.当她听到这个坏消息时，她哭了。When she heard the bad news, a river of tears poured out.当她听到这个坏消息时，我泪流如何。分析：第句使用了夸张，不说“哭”，而说“泪流如河”，让我们的脑海中，悲伤之情油然而生。动作描写素材积累与肢体语言相关的动作描写素材(1)headShe turned and headed for the door.她转身朝门走去。He buried/put/held his head in hands, greatly annoyed.他双手抱头，非常生气。Many people in the audience nodded in agreement.许多观众点头表示赞同。I fell asleep as soon as my head hit the pillow.头一碰枕头我就睡着了。He hung/dropped/lowered/bent/bowed his head in shame.他羞愧地低下了头。(2)faceHer face paled with fright.她吓得脸都白了。A bright smile appeared on/spread across/crossed his face.他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。Her face lit up/brightened/glowed when I gave her the present.我给她礼物时，她的脸上焕发出了光彩。(3)cheekColor rushed/flooded/rose to her cheeks when she realized she was being watched.意识到有人在看她，她顿时涨红了脸。He felt his cheeks burning with shame.他因为羞愧而感到脸颊发烧。Her cheeks were wet with tears.她泪流满面。(4)eyeHe turned his eyes to the door when he heard the handle turning.听到门把转动的声音，他向门那边看去。Tina squeezed her eyes shut and bit her lip.蒂娜闭上双眼，咬了咬嘴唇。She looked at her father straight in the eye and answered his question truthfully.她直视父亲的眼睛，诚实地回答了他的问题。She tried to sit up, her eyes fixed on Joan's face.她试图坐起来，双眼紧盯着琼的脸。I felt tears well up in my eyes.我感到泪水在眼里涌出来。(5)mouthOur mouths dropped open in surprise.我们惊奇地张大了嘴。My mouth started watering when I smelled the food.闻到食物的香味，我开始流口水了。My heart was in my mouth when I walked into her office.我走进她的办公室时，紧张得心都提到嗓子眼了。(6)handShe took the child's hand and helped him climb the steps.她拉住孩子的手牵着他爬上台阶。He reached for her hand and held it tightly.他伸手抓住她的手并紧紧握住。She shrugged and spread her hands. “That's all I can tell you.”她耸耸肩，摊开双手说：“我只能告诉你这么多了。”She shivered, rubbing her hands together fiercely.她一边颤抖，一边使劲搓着双手。Her hands shook/trembled as she lifted the glass to her lips.她的手颤抖着把杯子送到唇边。(7)armHe was running forward, waving his arms.他挥舞着胳膊向前跑着。He stood there with crossed arms, looking angry.他交叉着双臂站在那里，看上去怒气冲冲。She folded her arms and stared at him.她交叉着双臂注视着他。 1阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。It was pouring heavily. Mabel was all wet by the time she arrived at the sheltered (遮蔽) walkway. From far away she watched the public bus leave the bus stop without her. She shook her head and said to herself, “I should have brought my umbrella.”Mabel stood at the shelter and watched people get on the buses. The only way she could reach school would be to have someone shelter her to the bus stop and wait for the next bus. The school was just one bus stop away.However, she was not confident of anyone helping her at all. Everyone looked too busy to notice her. Mabel asked a few people for help. But nobody stopped to lend or share an umbrella. Mabel began to feel disappointed. She was shocked that no one had agreed to help her. She had no choice but to stay where she was. She decided to wait for the rain to stop.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Suddenly, someone touched Mabel on her shoulder. _Mabel finally arrived at her school._2阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语段续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文，续写的词数应为150词左右。Jacksons family hired a driver. The drivers family came to stay with them in a small house in their backyard. Thats how Jackson met the drivers eight-year-old son Tom. From the day he met Jackson, Tom became his fan. For Tom, 11-year-old Jackson seemed to be a big boy. He would always follow Jackson around. Tom didnt go to school. He was admitted to a local government school, but he refused to go. He told Jackson shyly that the teachers only made them copy words from the blackboard. Since he hadnt learned how to read, he could not understand anything that was written on the blackboard.  Jackson felt sorry for him. On Sunday, Jackson saw Tom sitting under a tree holding an alphabet (字母表) book in his hands. Jackson walked quietly towards him and discovered that Tom was holding the book upside down. Jackson took the book out of Toms hands and turned the right side up. “This is how you should read,” he told Tom. Two big tears rolled down Toms cheeks. Tom told Jackson, “I want to be like you, but I cant do anything.” That evening, Jackson told his parents they had to help Tom get into a better school. It was not easy to make Tom admitted to a new school, because the time for admission was over. Luckily, one principal (校长) looked at Tom kindly and admitted him to her school. The next day Tom went to his new school wearing a new shirt. But when Tom returned from school, he was a bit sad. The other children in his class had laughed at him. He told Jackson, “They all said I am much older than them but in a smaller class. I dont want to go to school.”注意: 1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Paragraph l: Jackson said, “Dont worry, Tom, I will teach you to read."_Paragraph 2: Two months later, Tom returned from school with a bright smile. _3阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Money were tight, so I was excited when a friend mentioned an online company that was trying to hire writers. On checking the requirements for the post, I knew this was the job for me.Part of the application process involved writing a test article. I thought over the topic, spent several hours doing research, and produced my best possible effort.One of the requirements involved the use of software that was new to me. The new software saved automatically as I worked, so that seemed perfect. That saved me from needing to hit “save” even now and then.After completing the article, I checked it several dozen times. It had to be as near perfection as possible. When I could no longer improve it any more, I told the company that the post was ready for them to read and sent them a link. A few days passed before the company contacted me. They had refused me. I couldnt understand why. It must have been my article as, until that point, they seemed happy with everything else. They invited me to try again in ninety days, but there seemed little point in doing that. I had no idea what they didnt like about my article.Disappointed, I thanked them politely and wondered what else I could do to improve my income.Next day, I received another e-mail from the company. They wanted me to post my article again. That seemed strange. What was the point of posting an article theyd already refused? Following the advice of my friend, I opened my post once more to see if there were any overlooked problems.I immediately noticed that an editor for the company had edited the article. She seemed to love the piece until she came to the last paragraph. It had too many typing errors.Near the end, the text turned into three lines of “n”. Here and there, another letter appeared, and then the “n” continued. Over three lines. The word was hidden among dozens of “n”.I was shocked. How could that have happened? Something must have landed on the keyboard. But how had I not noticed it?注意：1续写词数应为150左右;2请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。At that point, our very cute, extremely curious parrot, flew into the room and landed on my shoulder._I edited my piece carefully again._4阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。A little kindness goes a long way. It is incredible how one simple act can completely turn a persons day around. These simple, precious moments are what makes life so special.Julie Bick is a single mother of two lovely children, aged 8 and 10, and she thinks her family is her world. She absolutely adored her mom and dad growing up, and she kept a good relationship with them as an adultalthough the stresses of life sometimes got in the way of them spending time together.Unfortunately, Julies mom passed away unexpectedly. She wasnt able to make the memories she would have hoped to, and it bothered her deeply. She was determined not to make the same mistake twice.Then in 2017, just one year after her mom died, Julies dad was diagnosed with Alzheimers disease (老年痴呆). The worried daughter was totally overwhelmed (不堪重负的), but she remembered the promise she had made to herself after losing her mother. This news served as a reason for spending more quality time with her dad.Julie decided that the best thing to do was stick together. She and her children, Carlee and Brantlee, moved in with her dad. They wanted to give him the best life, so they became his caretakers. This seemed to cheer her dad up, which was all too essential at such a critical point in his life.This new living situation was not without difficulties, but it was worth it to Julie to be there for her father. Still, the woman was struggling a lot: She was a mother, a caretaker, a breadwinner, and an individual. It could be hard to balance it all.Sometimes Julie felt overwhelmed by the situation life had thrown at her, but she always tried to manage it. She never wanted to show her worries to her dad, because she didnt want to cause him stress. When she cried, she would wipe away her tears before he could see them. But Julie and her dad were close, and he knew that something was troubling her.注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Fortunately, Harold, a garbage man, comforted the dad and daughter with his kindness._It meant so much to Julie that this man would take time out of his day to help her._5阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。One day, Dad took Tim and Lily to the supermarket. “Now where has Tim gone? ” asked Dad. Lily shrugged. Keeping track of Tim was not on her agenda today. Shed been trying to decide on th