考点18 状语从句（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习（教师版）.docx

考点18 状语从句（核心考点精讲精练）1. 三年真题考点分布状语从句考点题型状语从句语法填空2020 试卷类型从句考点2020新课标III卷as/ when时间状语从句20192019新课标III卷so结果状语从句2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于没有考查状语从句，但2024仍然有可能考，现在命题是先定主题语篇，然后在定语法考点，考什么语法由语篇内容决定，我们要全面复习语法要点，主要考查：1考查状语从句的连词；2. 状语从句的省略；3. 非谓语动词短语与状语从句之间的转换。【备考策略】系统归类状语从句连词的用法，尤其是常用连词的用法，熟练掌握各种状语从句的连词的相关考点。【命题预测】2024年语法填空对状语从句的有可能考查，如果语法填空素材合适，考查状语从句的可能性也是有的，主要集中考查常用连词。知识点：状语从句考点1 when，while，as1. 【2021·1月浙江高考】_ he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance.【答案】When/While【解析】考查状语从句。当他站在小时候在里面长大的那个房子前面时，他看见一位女士站在门口。根据句意此处填When/While。【方法指导】1when既可引导一个持续动作，也可引导一个短暂动作，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。2从属连词while引导的动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。3从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时完成，可译为“一边，(一边)”或“随着”。4如果主句表示的是短暂性动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作，此时when，while与as可互换使用。 天津滨海七校高三联考He flashed me a quick smile but rapidly swallowed it_ he saw my expression.【答案】when【解析】考查时间状语从句。他对我很快地笑了一下，但当看到我的表情时，他马上就忍住了。根据句意表示“当时”，引导时间状语从句，故填when。考点2 when的特殊用法（黑龙江双鸭山市·双鸭山一中高三开学考试）He was having a bath_the telephone suddenly rang. (根据句意填空)【答案】when【解析】考查连词。句意：他正在洗澡，这时电话突然响了。when表示正在这时突然，常与过去进行时、过去完成时连用，放在句中。故填when。【方法指导】1when意为“正在这时”，表示某件事正在发生或刚刚发生时，突然发生另一动作。常见句型有：2when还可表原因，意为“既然”。The next morning Id just about given myself up for lost _ I was spotted by a ship. （用单词适当形式填空）【答案】when【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：第二天早上当我几乎要放弃的时候突然我被一艘船发现了。分析句子结构可知，had done sth. when是固定句型，表示“刚做完某事这时突然”。此处需用when引导时间状语从句，表示“这时（突然）”之意。故填when。考点3表示“刚就，一就”的常用表达（江苏省前黄高级中学高三月考）I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate _ a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me.（用适当的词填空）【答案】when【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：我还没来得及在火车上坐下，打开一块巧克力，就有一个拎着大袋子的老人在我对面坐了下来。前句“I had hardly sat down on the train and opened a bar of chocolate”和后句“a really old man with huge bags sat down across from me”描述的事情属于同一时间发生，所以应用when表示时间关联。故填when。【方法指南】1as soon as，immediately，directly，instantly，the moment，the minute，the instant，no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.和once(一就)上述从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生，常译为“一就”。2no sooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.的时态搭配：no sooner与hardly/scarcely后的句子谓语动词应用过去完成时，而than与when引导的句子谓语动词应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，主句应用倒装语序。We were driving in the right lane_all of a sudden, a black car jumped out of a parking space right in front of us. (用适当的单词填空)【答案】when【解析】考查连词。句意：我们正在右车道开车，突然，一辆黑色的车从我们前面的停车位里跳出来。此处是“be doing sth when”结构，表示“正在做这时”。故填when。考点4 before与since1.（2021·天津高三期末）Nearly three months had gone by _ the seriously injured girl showed a slight sign of recovery.AuntilBbeforeCsinceDafter【答案】B【解析】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：将近3个月过去了，受伤严重的女孩才显示出一点轻微的恢复的迹象。A. until直到；B. before在前；C. since自从；D. after在后面。根据语境可知，在恢复前已经过去的三个月，应用连接词before。故选B。2.（2021·天津高三三模）Though it is 5 years_ he retired from his work place, the old professor remains active in the academic circles.AwhenBthatCbeforeDsince【答案】D【解析】考查固定句型和连词辨析。句意：虽然自从他退休已经5年了，但这位老教授在学术界仍然很活跃。A. when当；B. that那个，连词；C. before在.之前；D. since自从。“ It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时”是固定句型，表示“自从以来多长时间”，根据句意，故选D。【方法指南】1before表示“还未就；不到就；才；趁；还没来得及就；在之前”。2It will be一段时间before.“多久之后才”。3It won't be long before.“不久之后就”。4It was一段时间before.“过了多久才”。5It is一段时间since.“自从多久了”。考点5表示“每次；下一次”的常用表达（江苏扬州市·仪征市第二中学高三月考）希望下次你们走进电影院时，能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。(汉译英）【答案】Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you will spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes.【解析】考查动词时态和状语从句。句意：希望下次你们走进电影院时，能想一想所有幕后那些才华出众的人们。hopefully有希望地，副词修饰整个句子；next time下次，引导时间状语从句；you你；go to the cinema为固定短语，意为“走进电影院”；spare a thought for能想一想；all所有；those那些；talented才华出众的，形容词作定语；people人们；behind the scenes幕后地。Next time引导时间状语从句，从句使用一般现在时，从句主语是you，谓语动词使用原形；主句使用一般将来时，谓语动词使用will spare。故翻译为Hopefully, next time you go to the cinema, you will spare a thought for all those talented people behind the scenes.【方法指南】every time，each time，next time，the last time，any time等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当；每次；下次”等。考点6 till，until和not.until1.（天津和平区·耀华中学）_ he passed away in 1961, Mei Lanfang had been performing and encouraging the spread of Peking Opera for almost 60 years.AOnceBAsCUntilDSince【答案】C【解析】考查连词辨析。句意：直到1961年去世，梅兰芳一直表演并鼓励传播京剧近60年。A. Once一旦；B. As当的时候；C.Until直到；D.Since自从以来。根据“had been performing” 可知，直到去世，梅兰芳一直表演并传播京剧。故选C。【方法指南】1until或till表示“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”，此时主句谓语动词是延续性动词，主、从句都为肯定式。这两个词可以换用，但till不可以置于句首，而until可以。2not.until表示“某动作直到某时间才开始”，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定式。考点7 地点状语从句1.【江苏省苏锡常镇四市2021届高三教学情况调查（一）】Like any natural force, gravity pull can work with us or not. The gravity pull of our habits may currently be keeping us from going 64 we want to go.【答案】where (wherever)【解析】考查状语从句。句意：现在，习惯的引力可能正在阻止我们去想去的地方。分析句子可知，动词going为不及物动词，后接地点状语从句，表示“（无论）地方”。故填where (wherever)。2.2015·安徽Where he once felt like giving up，he now has the determination to push further and keep on going.在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在有决心进一步推进并且坚持下去了。【方法指南】1地点状语从句通常由连词where和wherever引导，从句可位于主句之前，也可位于主句之后。2地点状语从句在句首时常兼有抽象条件意味。考点8 条件状语从句It is so cold that you can't go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.天太冷了，你不能出去，除非你被厚厚的衣服包裹得严严实实。He has been granted his freedom on condition that he leaves the country.他已获准恢复自由，条件是他离开这个国家。Suppose/Supposing (that) they refuse us，who else can we turn to for help?假如他们拒绝了我们，我们还可以求助谁？【方法指南】引导条件状语从句的从属连词有if，unless(if.not除非)，so/as long as(只要)，in case(万一)，on condition that(条件是)，suppose/supposing(假设，如果)，provided that(如果)等。考点9让步状语从句【江苏省镇江市八校2021届高三10月联考】 41 the Cha-Ching is no longer a popular book, tea drinking still persists in many parts of the country.【答案】While/Though/Although【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然清经不再流行，但在中国的许多地方，饮茶现象依然存在。设空处应为引导词引导的句子，结合句意，从句和主句之间是转折关系，该从句为让步状语从句。故答案为While/Though/Although。例句：Although regular exercise is very important，it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.尽管经常锻炼非常重要，但是在临近就寝的时候进行锻炼绝不是一个好主意。Although/Though/While the students came from different countries，they got along quite well in the summer camp.虽然这些学生来自不同的国家，但他们在这个夏令营中相处得很好。He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son even if he wants to.他太忙了，尽管他想陪儿子，但就是抽不出足够的时间。Intelligent as you are，I suspect you will fail.尽管你聪明，我猜想你会失败。【方法指南】1although/though(尽管，虽然)，even though/even if(即使)。2whether.or.(不管还是)；疑问词ever(不管；无论)，如whatever，whoever，whichever，however，whenever，wherever等；no matter疑问词(不管；无论)。3as引导让步状语从句时要用倒装语序，though引导时则可用倒装语序或自然语序。4从属连词while也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。考点10 原因状语从句Since she was indoors，she had not been wearing a coat.由于她在室内，就没有穿外套。Now that you have grown up，you must do it by yourself.既然你已经长大了，就必须自己做这件事。【方法指南】引导原因状语从句的从属连词有because，as，since(既然)，now that，seeing that，considering that(考虑到)。考点11 方式状语从句The house was greatly damaged by the truck. We'd better leave things as they are until the police arrive.卡车对这座房子造成了严重的损坏。我们最好保持原样直到警察到来。The construction industry is no longer as depressed as it was.建筑业不再像以往那样萧条了。The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.这位老太太对待这个男孩就像他是她自己的儿子似的。【方法指南】引导方式状语从句的从属连词有as，as if，as though等。方式状语从句应放在主句之后。其中as if或as though引导的从句常用虚拟语气，但如果从句中所陈述的情况与事实相符或很可能实现，也可用陈述语气。考点 12 结果状语从句He is such a learned person that we admire him very much.He is so learned a person that we admire him very much.他如此有学问，以至于我们非常赞赏他。It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。He was so clever a student that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.He was so clever a student as to be able to work out all the difficult problems.他是一名如此聪明的学生，以至于他能够解决所有难题。【方法指南】1引导结果状语从句的从属连词有so.that.，such.that.。在非正式语体中，由so.that.，such.that.引导的句子中的that可以省略，注意其结构形式：2当so或such所在的主句主语与结果状语从句中的主语一致时，还可简化为：so/such.as to.。考点13 目的状语从句When he goes out，he often wears sunglasses so that/in order that nobody/no one can recognize him.他出门的时候常戴着墨镜，以便没人能认出他。The boy hid himself behind the tree in case/for fear that his father should see him.那个男孩藏在树后面，以防他父亲看到他。Take your raincoat in case/lest it should rain.带上雨衣以防下雨。【方法指南】引导目的状语从句的从属连词有so that，in order that，for fear that，in case (that)/lest等。1in order that，so that两个连词都意为“以便；为了”，它们引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。2for fear that，in case (that)/lest引导目的状语从句时，for fear that表示“害怕，担心某事会发生”；in case (that)/lest表示“以防出现某种情况”。【关键能力】连词与语法填空并列句和状语从句中的连词是语法填空题中常考点之一。连词分为并列连词和从属连词，常考的并列连词有and，but，or，so，while，when等；常考的从属连词有if，although/though，once，unless，when，where，since，before，after，because，as等。在空白处填入适当的连词1 Over time，_ the population grew，people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.2 _ it cried，she rocked it back and forth and gave it little comforting pats.3 I really enjoy listening to music _ it helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.4 _ the damage is done，it will take many years for the farmland to recover.答案：1.as/when2.When/If3.because4Once/If/When应对策略若设空处在两个或两个以上单词或短语之间或两句(一个主谓关系算一个句子)之间，并且中间没有连词、分号或句号，则一定是填并列连词或从属连词。 (1)把握前后两句话之间的衔接关系，判定是并列句、主语从句、定语从句还是状语从句，根据连词在句中作何成分，判断正误；(2)注意but转折、and并列、or或者(选择)、so因此(结果)等逻辑关系词之间的混用；(3)注意although/though/while不与but连用；since/as/because不与so连用；(4)注意but与and，and与or，or与so，after与before等连词的用法区别。书面表达中并列句与状语从句易错点聚焦(一)在书面表达中往往缺乏并列句意识，主要存在以下两个方面的倾向：1机械排列简单句I believe I am fit for it.I'm writing to apply for the position.如果我们把意义相关的这两个句子用适当的连词连接起来，可得到下面的句子：I believe I am fit for it，so I'm writing to apply for the position.比较一下，同学们是不是感觉后者要优于前者呢？并列连词的应用可增强句子之间的逻辑性和美感，使句子之间显得更加紧凑。2逗号连接两个简单句I'm enthusiastic and easygoing，I'm easy to get along with and can cooperate well with others.在该句中含有两个简单句，中间用逗号起了连接作用，显然这是不符合英语语法规则的。我们不妨做如下改动：I'm enthusiastic and easygoing，so I'm easy to get along with and can cooperate well with others.(二)对于状语从句，在实际运用中主要存在以下问题：1从句意识缺乏The Expo is very attractive. We are all eager to pay a visit to it.The Expo is so attractive that we are all eager to pay a visit to it.通过比较不难发现，后句比前句更加紧凑且逻辑性强，增强了交际效果。2状语从句成分残缺(误)Please close the doors and windows before_leave the classroom.(正)Please close the doors and windows before_you_leave the classroom.由于受汉语的干扰，第一句中状语从句中漏掉了主语。3连接词误用(误)Teachers and parents should respect us no_matter we are in or outside school.(正)Teachers and parents should respect us whether we are in or outside school.尽管两句从汉语角度来看意思相同，但是从语法角度no matter一般后跟特殊疑问词，而whether可直接引导状语从句。(误)Though he is considered a great writer，but his works are not widely read.(正)Though he is considered a great writer，his works are not widely read.在让步状语从句中，though和although不能与but连用。基础过关（最新模拟试题演练）1.（2023·江苏省镇江市统考）Yet _41_ they belong to completely different eras (era),   appearances and purposes, they are both equally representative of this city. 【答案】though/although/while【解析】考查连词。句意：尽管它们属于完全不同的时代、形态和用途，但它们都同样代表着这座城市。根据句意可知，此处为连词though/although/while“尽管”引导让步状语从句，满足句意要求。故填though/although/while。2.【2023·江苏省苏州市调研】Since the Autumn Equinox, most of the areas in China have entered the cool autumn. _38_ the cold air southward meets the declining warm and wet air, precipitation(降水)is the result.【答案】When或As【解析】考查连词。句意：当向南的冷空气与下降的暖湿空气相遇，就会产生降水。根据句意分析句子可知，句中逗号前的部分是一个时间状语从句，所以空格处应该填入一个连词引导时间状语从句。故填When或As。3.【2023·江苏省镇江市统考】Yet _41_ they belong to completely different eras,   appearances and purposes, they are both equally representative of this city.【答案】【解析】考查连词。句意：尽管它们属于完全不同的时代、形态和用途，但它们都同样代表着这座城市。根据句意可知，此处为连词though/although/while“尽管”引导让步状语从句，满足句意要求。故填though/although/while。4.【2023·江苏省南京市南京市第一中学期中】_59_ companies changed the sites where they used noisy compressors(压缩机) to help produce natural gas, some of the previously noisy sites had become quiet.【答案】As、Because或Since【解析】考查连词。句意：因为公司改变了使用噪音压缩机帮助生产天然气的地点，一些以前嘈杂的地点变得安静了。根据句意可知，此处表达“因为公司改变了使用噪音压缩机帮助生产天然气的地点”，所以用as、because或since引导原因状语从句。故填As、Because或Since5. 【2023·江苏省苏州市常熟市阶段性抽测二】Lifelike shrimps play a key role in Qis vast body of visual artworks. The “shrimps” are so popular _58_ they have become synonymous with the painter himself.【答案】that【解析】考查连接词。句意：这些“虾”是如此受欢迎，以至于它们已经成为画家本人的同义词。分析句子结构可知，此处是so.that“如此以至于”句型，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。6.(2023·福建厦门一中模拟测试) There is so much to take in _ disciples (学徒) usually start their career as young children, spending years conditioning their bodies and minds for the stage.【答案】that【解析】考查状语从句。句意：舞台剧可以吸收的东西太多了，以至于徒弟们通常从孩童时期就开始了他们的演艺生涯，花数年时间为舞台剧训练自己的身体和思想。此处为句型so.that.如此以至于，引导结果状语从句。故填that。7.（2023·福建龙岩第一中学校考三模） British writer Oscar Wilde, in an article, shared his insights about Chuang Tzu(庄子369BC286BC), “ He is one of the Darwinians _ Darwin(达尔文18091882): He traces man from the germ, and sees his unity with nature.” 【答案】before【解析】考查连词。句意：英国作家奥斯卡·王尔德在一篇文章中分享了他对庄子（公元前369-286年）的见解，“他是达尔文（1809-1882年）之前的达尔文主义者之一: 他从细菌中追踪人类，看到他与自然的统一。”此处表示“在之前”应用连词before，故填before。8.（2023·山东省青岛市高三试题）_Tai Chi is slow and gentle and doesnt leave you breathless, it deals with the key components of fitness muscle strength, flexibility and balance. 【答案】Although/Though/While【解析】考查状语从句。句意：虽然太极拳是缓慢柔和的，不会让你喘不过气来，但它涉及到健身的关键组成部分肌肉力量、柔韧性和平衡。分析句子结构可知，此句为让步状语从句，意为“虽然”，首字母大写，故填Although/Though/While。9.（2023·湖北省腾云联盟联考）As photographer Guo Changyao comments, “In the 21st century, _ you dont go to Xintiandi, then you havent seen Shanghai.”【答案】if【解析】考查连词。句意：正如摄影师郭长耀所说：“在21世纪，如果你不去新天地，那你就没见过上海。”根据“you dont go to Xintiandi”和“then you havent seen Shanghai”可知，此处是指如果不去新天地，所以应用连词if表示“如果”引导条件状语从句。故填if。10.【2023·江苏省苏州市常熟市阶段性抽测二】Lifelike shrimps play a key role in Qis vast body of visual artworks. The “shrimps” are so popular _58_ they have become synonymous with the painter himself. Unlike his predecessors, Qi Baishi painted shrimps in an impressionistic style with swift and definite brush strokes. 【答案】that【解析】考查连接词。句意：这些“虾”是如此受欢迎，以至于它们已经成为画家本人的同义词。分析句子结构可知，此处是so.that“如此以至于”句型，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。能力提升【2023届浙江省台州市高三上学期第一次教学质量评估试题】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。词数：204话题：美丽乡村生活Located at a 30-minute drive from Wuzhen, Maming village is the polar opposite of the famed _1_ (tour) destinations. There are hardly any crowds here. The old houses are not as well maintained. Time seems to stand still in the village, making it a perfect day-trip destination for travelers who want _2_ authentic experience of rural life._3_ most people are sill asleep at 3 a.m., Tu Yuanqing and his father are already up on their feet, arranging cups, boiling water and preparing tea _4_ (leaf) for their teahouse. Around 4 a.m., the space is a hive of activity as elderly residents, most of them _5_ (age) sixty and