考点25 阅读理解之数字计算题（核心考点精讲精练）-备战2024年高考英语一轮复习（教师版）.docx

考点3 阅读理解之数字计算题（核心考点精讲精练）1. 2021-2023年三年高考真题考点分布考点题型细节理解阅读理解2023 试卷类型阅读考点2023新高考I卷阅读21、22、23、24、26、28、33细节理解2023年新高考全国卷阅读21、22、23、24、25、27、29、32、35细节理解20222022·新高考I卷阅读22、25、26、27、32、33细节理解2022年新高考全国卷阅读21、22、23、25、26、27、29、34细节理解20212021·新高考I卷阅读21、22、23、24、26、27、28、32细节理解2022年新高考全国卷阅读21、22、23、24、27、28、30、32、33、34细节理解2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于阅读理解中的细节理解的考查共计48次，主要考查：1根据阅读文章理解文中的直接信息；2根据阅读文章理解文中的间接信息（主要识别同义句表达）；3. 根据文章内容进行简单的计算；4. 根据文章信息进行过程或时间顺序的排列；5. 根据文章信息查找本文内容相同的部分；【备考策略】系统归类细节理解的方法，尤其是同义句表达的技巧；熟练掌握阅读技能。【命题预测】2024年阅读理解对细节理解的考查仍然是重点，主要集中考查直接信息、间接信息（同义句表达）和数字计算。【2024年高考命题预测】细节理解之数字计算题考点是高考中的必考点。数字计算题考点主要在广告信息类文章中考，锁定题干直接找相关的文章内容，提取相关信息，进行简单的计算，就可以得出正确答案。预测在2024高考中，数字计算题会在广告信息文章中和说明文中的部分试题中呈现。【细节理解之数字计算题考点指南】命题意图：我们在看文章、读报纸时，我们最重要的目的就是获取直接信息，也就是说，看了文章之后我们知道了什么，我们找到了我们需要的信息。通过阅读广告信息我们能做我们要做的事，这就是学以致用，在用中学的重要思想。因此，细节理解题一直是高考命题的重点，它要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。有些答案考生可以直接从文中找到明确的线索，但有些则需要考生在理解的基础上将有关信息进行处理，如计算、排序、判断、比较等。近年全国及各省、市高考阅读理解中，对细节理解类题型的考查依然占了较大的比例。特别是应用文、说明文和记叙文中，更是侧重于对细节理解的考查。 数字计算题最常用的方法是：1.仔细理解题干中的信息要求；2.从文章中定位计算需要的信息；3.通过计算得出答案。 1.2023·新高考全国卷ABike rental & guided toursWelcome to Amsterdam, welcome to MacBike. You see much more from the seat of a bike! Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way to explore the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and countless lights. You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.Why MacBikeMacBike has been around for almost 30 years and is the biggest bicycle rental company in Amsterdam. With over 2,500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you. We offer the newest bicycles in a wide variety, including basic bikes with foot brake(刹车),bikes with hand brake and gears (排挡),bikes with child seats, and childrens bikes.PricesHand Brake, Three GearsFoot Brake, No Gears1 hour7.505.003 hours11.007.501 day (24 hours)14.759.75Each additional day8.006.00Guided City ToursThe 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.()22.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?A.15.75.B.19.50.C. 22.75.D.29.50.【题干定位】关键词a bike with hand brake and three gears two days【文章定位】Hand Brake, Three GearsFoot Brake, No Gears1 hour7.505.003 hours11.007.501 day (24 hours)14.759.75Each additional day8.006.00【文章关键词】 Each additional day8.00是容易出现错误的信息【计算方法】14.75+8=22.75【答案定位】 C2.【2023年1月·浙江卷】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AExplorers Camp【2023年1月·浙江卷】Full day camp for kids aged 5-13. Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm. Week 1 | July 8-12Week 2 | July 15-19Week 3 | July 22-26Register for a single week or multiple weeks. Fees: $365 per week. The last day to cancel registration and receive a full refund (退款) is June 15. Camp StructureThe day is divided into two thematic sessions per age group. Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm). Snack periods are held throughout the day. All campers should bring their own bagged lunch and snacks. Camp ContentExplorers Camp organizes engaging arts, history and science-related activities in every! class, and focuses on a range of topics that emphasize active learning, exploration and, most of all, fun! All camp sessions are created with age-appropriate activities that are tailored to the multiple ways that kids learn. Camp StaffCampers enjoy a staff-to-child ratio ranging from 1:4 to 1:7 depending on the age group. Instructors are passionate educators who are experts in their fields and have undergone training and a background check.23How many hours of class will you have altogether if you register for a single week?A15.B21.C30.D42.【题干定位】关键词How many hours of class altogether a single week【文章定位】根据“Monday-Friday, July 8-26, 9am-4pm.( 7月8日至26日，星期一至星期五，上午9点至下午4点)”可知，每周安排5天的活动。根据Camp Structure部分中的“Campers have a three-hour morning class engaging with a morning theme (9am to 12 noon) and a one-hour lunch break, followed by another three-hour class engaging with an afternoon theme (1pm to 4pm).(露营者有一个三小时的上午课程（上午9点到中午12点）和一个小时的午休时间，然后是另一个三个小时的下午课程（下午1点到下午4点）)【易错关键词】 a one-hour lunch break一个小时的午休时间的时间不包括在里面【计算方法】5X6=30【答案定位】 C2022年新高考I卷之A篇Grading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%)Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%.Group Assignments (30%)Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readings or notes from the previous classs lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded. Late WorkAn essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.21. Where is this text probably taken from?A. A textbook.B. An exam paper.C. A course plan.D. An academic article.22. How many parts is a students final grade made up of?A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five.23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?A. You will receive a zero.B. You will lose a letter grade.C. You will be given a test.D. You will have to rewrite it.【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据文章标题“Grading Policies for Introduction to Literature (文学概论课程评分办法)”和Essays (60%)部分“Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade of for this course (你的四篇主要文章将构成本课程评分的主要部分)”可知，文章介绍了文学概论课程评分办法，可得出本文是出自一个课程计划。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据黑体小标题“Essays (60%)”、“Group Assignments (30%)”和“Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Groups Work/Homework (10%)”可知，学生的最终成绩由3部分组成。故选B项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据“Late Work”部分“If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. (如果没有在截止日期后的第4天上交，将会得到零分)”可知，如果在截止日期后一周才交文章，你将会得零分。故选A项。2022年全国高考英语试题乙卷之A篇Henry Raeburn (1756-1823)The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. Lecture SeriesScottish National Portrait (肖像画) Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free. An Introduction to RaeburnSunday 26 Oct., 15.00DUNCAN THOMSONRaeburns English ContemporariesThursday 30 Oct., 13.10JUDY EGERTONCharacters and Characterisation in Raeburns PortraitsThursday 6 Nov., 13.10NICHOLAS PHILLIPSONRaeburn and Artists Training in the 18th CenturyThursday 13 Nov., 13.10MARTIN POSTLEExhibition TimesMonday Saturday 10.00 17.45 Sunday 12.00 17.45Last admission to the exhibition: 17.15. There is no re-admission. Closed: 24 26 December and 1 January. Admission£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free. Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.21. What is the right time for attending Raeburns English Contemporaries?A. Sun. 26 Oct.B. Thurs. 30 Oct.C. Thurs. 6 Nov.D. Thurs.13 Nov.22. How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A. £4.B. £8.C. £12.D. £16.23. How can full-time students get group discounts?A. They should go on Sunday mornings.B. They should come from art schools.C. They must be led by teachers.D. They must have ID cards with them.【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了为纪念苏格兰最受欢迎的画家亨利·雷伯恩爵士进行的展览的相关情况。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据表格右上角Raeburns English Contemporaries部分“Thursday 30 Oct. (10月30日星期四)”可知，在10月30日星期四可以去参加Raeburns English Contemporaries。故选B项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Admission部分“£4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.(4英镑。12岁以下儿童在一位成人陪同下免费入场。)”可知，一对夫妇应付4+4=8英镑，两个12岁以下的儿童在成人陪同下免费，即入场费为8英镑。故选B项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“A special low entrance charge of £2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups with teachers.(所有全日制教育的学生，高至并包括那些学士学位水平的学生，在有教师的组织团体中，均可享受每人2英镑的特别低入场费。)”可知，全日制学生在有教师的组织团体中，可以获得折扣，即他们必须由教师带领。故选C项。规律方法：如何解决间接细节题？做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题识别题干中的关键词，找出文章中相应内容的同义词，有时从选项中找关键词，然后定位文章中的同义词。细节题的设题方式：(1) 简单细节题标志：5个W，1个H。According to the passage, when / where / what / who / why / how (many).例如：When / Where did the story happen?What did the author think about after getting up? Who is Lucy according to the passage?Why did the author bring back home an old milk box?How long does it take the battery to charge up an iPhone?(2) 文段篇章细节题Which of the following is (not) true / false according to the passage?From the passage, we can learn that _.According to passage, we know that _.(3) 排序题Choose the right time order of the following events in .1. 判断关键词(1) 识记关键词类别,主要分为以下类别：a. 大写字母开头的词（人名、地名、专有名词等），数字（时间、英文时间），形容词副词（比较级、最高级），动词，名词。b. 若题干中没有细节信息，如 “What can you learn from the passage?"无法找到定位词，就从选项中寻找定位词，方法一致。(2) 划出关键词。如：1.Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford?大写字母开头的词（人名、地名）2.The TV ads of Sparrow _.大写字母开头的词（专有名词、人名）3.From Paragraph 2 we can learn that _.数字4.Why is June 6, 1990 a special day for Mommy? 数字（时间），大写字母开头的词5.The writer mentions the two nineteenth-century cottages to show that _.数字（英文时间）6.We can learn from the last paragraph that _.形容词7.We learn from the text that in 2008 _.数字（时间）8.At the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of _.数字（英文时间）9.What was a new use for wind power in the late 19th century? 形容词，数字（时间）10.While the Bowler family was living in the 1900 house, _.大写字母开头的词（人名），数字（时间）2. 关键词回文定位即把选项内容和原文内容进行对比分析，判断是否符合相关句的意义或在原文中提到过，然后进行排队解答。基础过关（最新模拟试题演练）1.【2023届安徽省A10联盟高考最后一卷】Classic Tuscany from £250Tuscanys towns, villages and terroirs have inspired generations of painters and poets, travel writers and winemakers.Its easy to spend a lot of money in Tuscany. A couple of nights at the Villa Cora or St Regis in Florence and some Michelin-star food, and a couple can eat their way through £1,000 in a weekend. But Tuscany is not huge and there are good trains and buses between towns. Outside the historic centers youll find two- and three-star hotels that are very serviceable, and locals know how to eat very well indeed without being highly charged.Top tipState-run museums and archaeological sites are free on the first Sunday of the month. If you are on an art-heavy tour, pick up a Firenze Card. It costs £72 and covers the major museums, including the Uffizi and Accademia. You can jump queues and dont need a reservation.When to goAny time except high summer is good. Museums and galleries, as well as hotels and trains, see major demand in July and August. If your main interests are cultural, consider a winter holiday. It will be cool, but even in January and February snow is so rare in the hills as to be positively exciting.Do it yourselfFly from Gatwick to Florence from £91 return in October. The best route goes by train from Florence to Siena (1.5 hours, £8), Siena to Empoli (1 hour, £6), Empoli to Pisa (30 mins, £5) and back to Florence (50 mins, £7.30).Book via . Plushotels ( has rooms in Florence from £23 per night. In Siena and Pisa you can get B&B for around £40 and in Empoli for around £30.1What does the text suggest to save money according to Paragraph 2?ADining in Michelin-star restaurants.BSpending a couple of nights at the Vila Cora or St Regis.CStaying a bit far away from historic centers for the night.DAvoiding public transportation service.2What can we learn about travelling in Tuscany?AMost museums are free of charge.BThere are more visitors in summer.CA reservation is highly recommended.DYou need queue up to visit the museum.3How much do you have to pay in total for the train rides if you follow the recommended route?A£26.3.B£52.6.C£91.D£133.【答案】1C 2B 3A【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了去托斯卡纳旅行的相关事宜，分享了一些省钱、舒适的旅行建议。1细节理解题。根据第二段中“But Tuscany is not huge and there are good trains and buses between towns. Outside the historic centers youll find two- and three-star hotels that are very serviceable, and locals know how to eat very well indeed without being highly charged.（但是托斯卡纳不是很大，城镇之间有很好的火车和公共汽车。在历史悠久的市中心外，你会发现服务非常周到的二星级和三星级酒店，当地人知道如何吃得很好，而且不需要花很多钱。）”可知，第二段建议选择离历史悠久的市中心稍远一点的地方住宿，这样可以省钱。故选C项。2细节理解题。根据When to go部分中“Any time except high summer is good. Museums and galleries, as well as hotels and trains, see major demand in July and August.（除了盛夏，任何时候都可以。博物馆和画廊，以及酒店和火车，在7月和8月有很大的需求。）”可知，托斯卡纳夏季的游客比往常多。故选B项。3细节理解题。根据Do it yourself部分中“The best route goes by train from Florence to Siena (1.5 hours, £8), Siena to Empoli (1 hour, £6), Empoli to Pisa (30 mins, £5) and back to Florence (50 mins, £7.30).（最好的路线是乘火车从佛罗伦萨到锡耶纳(1.5小时，8英镑)，锡耶纳到恩波利(1小时，6英镑)，恩波利到比萨(30分钟，5英镑)，然后返回佛罗伦萨(50分钟，7.3英镑)。）”可知，如果按照推荐的路线乘坐火车，总共要付26.3英镑（=8+6+5+7.3）。故选A项。2.【2023届河北省邯郸市高考三模（保温卷）】A bunch of flowers, a box of chocolates and a bottle of wine are the classic moves when it comes to buying the best mothers day gifts. If you want something a little different this year, weve prepared a guide to fine gifts for your mother, grandmother or mother-in-law.Personalized Chopping Board (切菜板)From £40, EtsyQuickest delivery: 5-7 days, freeA good chopping board will stay with you for life. This