专题03动词和动词短语【练习】-2023年中考英语考前冲刺语法图解过关(解析版).docx

【专题03动词专练】2022-2023中考英语考前冲刺语法图解过关考点剖析考点01系动词考点02助动词考点03情态动词考点04使役动词考点01系动词一、单项选择 1（2022·辽宁大连·中考真题）Once a term, there _ a parents meeting in our school.AisBareCwasDwere【答案】A【解析】句意：每个学期，我们学校都会举行一次家长会。考查动词时态和be动词的用法。根据“Once a term”可知，此处是描述一个一般性情况，需用一般现在时，可排除CD选项；且“a parents meeting”是单数，be动词用is。故选A。2（2022·广西柳州·中考真题）Everyone _ here. Lets go.AamBareCis【答案】C【解析】句意：每个人都在这。我们走吧。考查主谓一致。am与主语I一起连用；are系动词的复数形式；is系动词的单数形式。不定代词everyone作主语，be动词用单数is，故选C。3（2022·辽宁辽宁·中考真题）The soup _ a little salty, there is no need to add more salt.AlooksBsmellsCsoundsDtastes【答案】D【解析】句意：汤尝起来有点咸，没必要再加盐了。考查感官动词。looks看起来；smells闻起来；sounds听起来；tastes尝起来。根据“The soup.a little salty”可知，汤尝起来有点咸，用感官动词“tastes”。故选D。4（2022·贵州黔东南·中考真题）In our school library, there _ a number of books on art. The number of the books _ still growing larger and larger.Ais; isBare; isCis; areDare; are【答案】B【解析】句意：在我们学校的图书馆里，有许多关于艺术的书。 书的数量还在越来越多。考查主谓一致。根据“a number of books”可知，表复数概念，故第一空填are。the number of表示“的数量”，修饰主语，be动词用is，故选B。5（2022·贵州黔西·中考真题）Neither Saturday nor Sunday_ OK because I will be quite busy these two days.AareBisCamDbe【答案】B【解析】句意：星期六和星期天都不行，因为这两天我会很忙。考查主谓一致。neithernor遵循“就近原则”，be动词用离其最近的主语Sunday保持一致，故此空应填is，故选B。6（2022·海南·中考真题）How do you like this cup of Xinglong Coffee?It _ really great. Id like another cup.AlooksBfeelsCtastes【答案】C【解析】句意：这杯兴隆咖啡怎么样？味道尝起来真的很棒。 我还想要一杯。考查动词辨析。looks看起来；feels感觉；tastes尝起来。根据“this cup of Xinglong Coffee”可知，咖啡应是尝起来不错。故选C。7（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）Dad, whats for dinner? It _ nice! Im cooking chicken soup.AtastesBsmellsClooksDfeels【答案】B【解析】句意：爸爸，晚饭吃什么？闻起来很香！我正在煮鸡汤。考查动词辨析。tastes尝起来；smells闻起来；looks看起来；feels感觉。根据“Dad, whats for dinner?”以及“Im cooking chicken soup.”可知，正在煮鸡汤，应该是闻起来很香。故选B。8（2022·四川泸州·中考真题）Paul, have you tried this chicken? Its a special in Luzhou and has been introduced in the TV program A Bite of China. Yes, it _ hot but delicious.AeatsBlooksCtastesDsees【答案】C【解析】句意：Paul，你吃过这种鸡吗? 这是泸州的一个特别菜肴，已经在电视节目舌尖上的中国中介绍过。是的，它吃起来很辣，但是很好吃。考查动词辨析。eats吃；looks看起来；tastes尝起来；sees看。此空后hot和delicious都是形容词，故此空应填连系动词，排除A和D选项。食物是尝起来美味，故选C。考点02助动词一单项选择9（2021·山东济南·中考真题）_ swim in this river. Its quite deep.Thanks for telling me.ANoBNotCDontDDoesnt【答案】C【解析】句意：不要在这条河里游泳。河很深。感谢告诉我。考查祈使句。祈使句的否定形式可以用No+doing/n.或Dont+do构成，根据“.swim in the river.”可知，本题应用Dont。故选C。10（2021·湖北鄂州·中考真题）Would you like something to drink?No, thanks. I _ some tea already.Ahave drunkBwas drinkingCwill drinkDdrink【答案】A【解析】句意：你想喝点什么吗？不用了，谢谢。我已经喝茶了。考查动词时态。根据前文语境和句中“already”的提示可知，句子应用现在完成时。构成形式为：have/has done；主语“I”是第一人称单数形式，助动词应用have；drink的过去分词是drunk。故选A。11（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）_ your homework?Not yet. Ill finish it in ten minutes.A Did you finishBHave you finishedCWill you finishDDo you finish【答案】B【解析】句意：你做完作业了吗？还没有。我十分钟以后完成。考查动词时态。根据答语“Not yet.”可知，问句应是现在完成时，构成形式为：have /has done；主语“you”是第二人称，助动词应用have，一般疑问句将have提前并首字母大写；finish的过去分词是finished。故选B。二完成句子12（2022·重庆·中考真题）I brush my teeth twice a day. （改为否定句）I _ my teeth twice a day.【答案】dont brush【解析】句意：我一天刷两次牙。句子是含有实义动词的一般现在时，主语是I，变否定句时借助助动词dont，后加动词原形。故填dont brush。13（2021·江苏无锡·中考真题）能否完成这项任务并不取决于你愿意花多少时间。Whether you can finish this task _ to spend on it.【答案】doesnt depend on how much time you are willing【解析】取决于depend on，后接宾语从句，根据中文提示，此处是否定句，应用助动词do/does构成，主语是Whether you can finish this task，助动词用does，否成是doesnt，后接动词原形；多少时间how much time，是宾语从句的引导词；你愿意you are willing to；故填doesnt depend on how much time you are willing。14（2021·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）He put off the plan till next week. （改为一般疑问句）_ he _ off he plan till next week?【答案】     Did     put【解析】句意：他把这个计划推迟到下周。原句是一般过去时，变成疑问句要用助动词did，加了助动词，原来的动词要变回原形，疑问句把助动词did提到主语前，故填Did，put。15（2016·四川乐山·中考真题）They use paper bags for shopping because plastic bags cause pollution.（对划线部分提问） _ _ they use paper bags for shopping?【答案】     Why     do【解析】句意：他们用纸袋购物，因为塑料袋会造成污染。划线部分是because引导的原因状语从句，对此提问用疑问词why，原句中use是动词原形，疑问句借助于助动词do，故填Why；do。16（2016·上海·中考真题）George wants to be a tour guide at the Bund for foreign visitors. （改为一般疑问句）_ George _ to be a tour guide at the Bund for foreign visitors?【答案】     Does     want【解析】句意：乔治想在外滩给外国游客当导游。 原句是含有实义动词wants的一般现在时，变成一般疑问句也需用一般现在时， 结构为：助动词+ 主语+ 动词原形+其他？因为wants为实义动词，主语为第三人称单数，因此需用助动词does，主语后的动词为原形want。故填Does；want。17（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）Our school held a sports meeting yesterday. (改为否定句)Our school _ _ a sports meeting yesterday.【答案】     didnt     hold【解析】句意：我们学校昨天举行了运动会。原句是一般过去时，变否定句需借助于助动词didnt，其后跟动词原形。held的原形为hold。故填didnt；hold。考点03情态动词一单项选择18（2022·湖北武汉·七年级期末）Look at the dark clouds! Its going to rain. We _ go home.Ahave toBcouldCwillDmay【答案】A【解析】句意：看那乌云！就要下雨了。我们得回家。考查情态动词。have to必须，不得不（客观上）；could可以；will将，会；may可能。根据“Its going to rain.”可知，因为要下雨，所以不得不回家。故选A。19（2016·四川眉山·中考真题）Steen, what you said has hurt her. Youd better _ sorry to her, _ you will lose a good friend.Asay; andBto say; soCto say; butDsay; or【答案】D【解析】句意：Steen，你说的话伤害了她。你最好向她道歉，否则你会失去一个好朋友。考查情态动词后接动词原形以及连词辨析。had better do sth“最好做某事”，故第一空填say。and和；so因此；but但是；or否则。根据“Youd better sorry to her, you will lose a good friend”可知，此处表示否则就会失去一位好朋友，故选D。20（2022·全国·九年级课时练习）Must I finish my homework now?  _.AYes, you needBNo, you mustntCNo, you cantDNo, you neednt【答案】D【解析】句意：我必须现在完成作业吗？不，你不需要。考查情态动词。对用must构成的一般疑问句，肯定回答用“Yes, you must.”；否定回答用“No, you neednt.”或“No, you dont have to”。故选D。21（2022·湖北黄石·中考真题）Mom, must I tidy my room right now?No, you _. You can do it after breakfast.AneedntBmustntCcantDshouldnt【答案】A【解析】句意：妈妈，我现在必须整理房间吗？ 不，你不需要。你可以在早饭后做。考查情态动词。neednt不需要；mustnt禁止；cant不能；shouldnt不应该。根据英语语法，对于must开头一般疑问句，若要作否定回答，可用neednt，不用mustnt。故选A。22（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）In the library you _ draw or write in the books, or you will be fined.AmustntBneedntCwouldntDcouldnt【答案】A【解析】句意：在图书馆你不能在书上画画或写字，否则你会被罚款。考查动词辨析。mustnt禁止；neednt不必；wouldnt不会；couldnt不可能。根据“or you will be fined.”可知，是禁止在书上画画或写字。故选A。23（2022·辽宁鞍山·中考真题）Whose skirt is this?It _ be Janes. She is the only girl in the team.AmustBcantCmayDmustnt【答案】A【解析】句意：这是谁的裙子？一定是简的。她是队里唯一的女孩。考查动词辨析。must一定；cant不能；may可以；mustnt禁止。根据“She is the only girl in the team.”可知，此处表示语气较强的肯定推测，一定是简的，用must。故选A。24（2021·四川·石室中学九年级期中）Maybe she is a teacher.No, she _ be. She _ be a nurse because I saw her in uniform in the hospital.Amustnt, maybeBcant, couldCmustnt, must【答案】B【解析】句意：她可能是位老师。不，她一定不是。她可能是一名护士，因为我看到她在医院里穿护士服。考查情态动词。mustnt禁止；maybe可能；cant一定不；could可能；must必须。根据“She.be a nurse”可知，第一空应用cant，表示“一定不是”。再结合“because I saw her in uniform in the hospital.”可知，第二空应用could，表示“可能是”。故选B。25（2021·江苏南京·九年级期中）Chen Meng, who won the womens table tennis competition in Tokyo 2020, says “As a player, you _ be too hard-working.”AmustntBneedntCcantDshouldnt【答案】C【解析】句意：陈梦在2020年东京女子乒乓球比赛中获胜，她说：“作为一名球员，你越努力越好。”考查情态动词词义辨析。mustnt禁止；neednt不需要；cant不能；shouldnt不应该。根据“too hard-working”可知词句符合句型“cant+动词原形+too+adj/adv”表示“越越”符合语境。故选C。26（2022·吉林·长春外国语学校八年级阶段练习）We all _ wear masks in the public places during COVID-19 pandemic.AmayBshouldCmightDcan【答案】B【解析】句意：我们都应该在新冠病毒爆发期间在公众场合戴好口罩。考查情态动词辨析。may也许；should应该；might也许；can能够。根据“wear masks in the public places during COVID-19 pandemic.”可知应该戴好口罩。故选B。27（2021·江苏南通·八年级期中）We students _ be afraid of problems if we want to make our dreams come true.AshouldBshouldntCmayDmay not【答案】B【解析】句意：我们学生如果想要使我们的梦想成真，就不应该害怕难题。考查情态动词辨析。should应该；shouldnt不应该；may可能；may not不可能。根据“if we want to make our dreams come true”可知应是不该害怕难题，故选B。二完成句子28（2022·上海·中考真题）The new robots help passengers with their luggage at this airport. （改为一般疑问句）_ the new robots _ passengers with their luggage at this airport?【答案】     Do     help【解析】句意：这些新机器人在机场帮助乘客搬运行李。原句是含有实义动词help的一般现在时，变疑问句需借助于助动词do，后跟动词原形help。故填Do；help。29（2022·上海·九年级单元测试）The man downstairs couldnt sleep because the man upstairs made much noise. (对划线部分提问)_ _ the man downstairs sleep?【答案】     Why     couldnt【解析】句意：楼下那个人睡不着，因为楼上的人制造了许多噪音。划线部分是because引导的原因状语从句，疑问句用why来提问，句首首字母w需要大写，原句的情态动词couldnt置于疑问词之后。故填Why；couldnt。30（2022·全国·七年级单元测试）Shall we _ walking in the hill?AgoingBgoCto goDis going【答案】B【解析】句意：我们去山上散步好吗？考查动词的用法。根据“shall”为情态动词可知，此处要用动词原形。故选B。31（江苏省镇江市2021-2022学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试题）We _ care about the old soldiers（老兵）. Sure. Without them, we wont enjoy a happy life now.AmustBneedCmayDcan【答案】A【解析】句意：我们必须要关心老兵。当然。没有他们，我们现在就不会享受幸福的生活。考查情态动词辨析。must必须；need需要；may可能；can能够。根据“Without them, we wont enjoy a happy life now”可知老兵让我们享受了幸福的生活，所以我们必须要关心他们。故选A。32（2022·湖北武汉·七年级期末）Is Jim at home now? Im not sure. He _ be on vacation.AshouldBmustCcanDmight【答案】D【解析】句意：吉姆现在在家吗？我不确定。他可能在度假。考查情态动词。should应该；must必须；can可能；might可能。根据“Im not sure.”可知此处是语气较弱的肯定推测，用might。故选D。33（2022·上海·中考真题）_ I use your glue? Im making a kite. No problem. Here you are.AShouldBNeedCMustDMay【答案】D【解析】句意：我可以用你的胶水吗？我在做风筝。没问题。给你。考查情态动词。Should应该；Need需要；Must必须；May可以。此处表征求他人的同意，应用May引导一般疑问句。故选D。34（2021·江苏盐城·八年级期中）There is somebody under the tree. Is it Mr Lee?It _ be Mr Lee. Mr Lee left for Beijing this morning.Amay notBmustntCwontDcant【答案】D【解析】句意：树下有人。是李先生吗？不可能是李先生。李先生今天上午动身去北京了。考查情态动词的用法。may not可能不会；mustnt禁止，不允许；wont将不会；cant不可能。根据“Mr Lee left for Beijing this morning.”可知，树下那个人不可能是李先生，用cant表示否定推测。故选D。35（2021·江苏常州·八年级期中）Youd better _ in the river. Its dangerous.Adont swimBnot swimCnot to swimDnot swimming【答案】B【解析】句意：你最好不要在河里游泳。是很危险的。考查固定短语。had better (not) do sth“最好（不要）做某事”，固定短语；结合“ Its dangerous”可知，应是不要在河里游泳，故选B。36（2021·江苏常州·八年级期中）Could you please _ here? There is a “No Smoking” sign over there.Sony. I wont.AsmokeBnot smokeCto smokeDnot to smoke【答案】B【解析】句意：请不要在这里抽烟好吗？那边有个“禁止吸烟”的牌子。对不起。我不会的。考查动词。smoke“吸烟”，是动词，Could you please do sth?“你能做某事吗？”此处用动词原形，结合语境可知是“不要吸烟”，故选B。37（2022·江苏无锡·八年级阶段练习）He _ at home, _ we can share the cake with him.Amay be; may beBmay be; maybeCmaybe; maybeDmaybe; may be【答案】B【解析】句意：他可能在家，也许我们能和他分享蛋糕。考查may be和maybe的辨析。may be可能是，是情态动词+be动词原形；maybe可能，也许，是副词。第一空应填谓语动词，而第二空应填副词，故选B。五、完成句子 38（2021·江苏江苏·九年级期中）青少年应该严格要求自己的学业。_. 【答案】Teenagers should be strict in their schoolwork【解析】“青少年”译为“teenager”，是可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示一类人teenagers，作主语；“应该”译为“should”，是情态动词，后面用动词原形；“对某事严格要求”译为“be strict in”，作谓语；“自己的学业”译为“their schoolwork”。故填Teenagers should be strict in their schoolwork。39（2022·广东云浮·七年级期末）蛇很危险，我们必须远离它们。Snakes are very dangerous. We _ them.【答案】must keep away from【解析】must“必须”，情态动词，后接动词原形，keep away from“远离”，是固定短语，故填must keep away from。考点04使役动词一单项选择40（2022·全国·七年级单元测试）Lets _ computer games.AplayBplaysCto playDplaying【答案】A【解析】句意：让我们玩电脑游戏吧。考查非谓语动词。play玩，原形；plays第三人称单数形式；to play不定式；playing现在分词/动名词。固定短语let sb do sth“让某人做某事”，使役动词后接动词原形。故选A。二、完成句子 41（2022·全国·九年级课时练习）他们不敢告诉老师真相。They _ _ _ the teacher the truth.【答案】     dare     not     tell【解析】“dare do sth”意为“敢于做某事”，“dare”为情态动词，后接动词原形，否定应该在“dare”后加“not”；“tell”意为“告诉”。故填dare；not；tell。42（2018·全国·九年级专题练习）春天树叶变绿。Leaves _ _ _ in spring.【答案】     will     turn     green【解析】此处表示到春天，树叶会变绿这个特征，所以第一空应填will；变绿：turn green，will后应用原形，故填will；turn；green。43（2021·江苏常州·八年级期中）你最好每天花一小时听听音乐。You _.【答案】had better spend an hour listening to music【解析】最好做某事“had better do sth”；花费时间做某事“spend some time doing sth”；一小时“an hour”；听音乐“listen to music”。故填had better spend an hour listening to music。44（2022·江苏·宜兴市树人中学八年级阶段练习）你应该少花点时间在网上聊天。You should _ on the Internet.【答案】 spend less time chatting 【解析】less time“少点时间”；spend“花费”，动词，spend some time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”；chat“聊天”，动词，动名词为chatting；chat on the internet“在网上聊天”；情态动词should后跟动词原形。故填spend less time chatting。45（2021·江苏江苏·八年级期中）当有事困扰你时，你可以让朋友们分担你的麻烦事。You can _ when something worries you.【答案】let your friends share your trouble【解析】let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”；你的朋友：your friends；share“分享，分担”；你的麻烦事：your trouble；can“可以”，情态动词，后续动词原形，故填let your friends share your trouble。46（2021·江苏南通·八年级期中）做手工活的时候，你最好不要玩剪刀。Youd better _ with scissors when doing DIY jobs.【答案】not play【解析】由英汉对照可知，空格处填“不要玩”，had better (not) do sth.“最好（不要）做某事”，固定句型，play“玩”，动词。故填not play。47（2021·江苏南通·九年级期中）The poor Anne Frank _ illness before her father had her diary _.Adied of; publishBdied from; publishedCdied of; publishedDdied from; publish【答案】C【解析】句意：可怜的Anne Frank在她的父亲出版她的日记之前不幸病逝。考查die of和die from的辨析和使役动词have的用法。die of死于内因，死于疾病一般用die of；die from死于外因。have“使”，使役动词，have sth. done“使某物被做某事”符合语境，故选C。48（2021·西藏·中考真题）His cousin is a humorous man. He makes us _ all the time.AlaughsBlaughingCto laughDlaugh【答案】D【解析】句意：他的表兄是个幽默的人。他总是使我们开怀大笑。考查非谓语动词。“make sb. do sth.”意为“使某人做某事”，结合此句型可知，“使某人大笑”为“make sb. laugh”，故选D。49（2017·山东济南·中考真题）Last night, I found a photo in an old book. It made me _ of my primary school life.AthinkBthinkingCthoughtDto think【答案】A【解析】句意：昨晚，我在一本旧书中发现了一张照片。它让我想起了我的小学生活。考查非谓语动词的用法。根据“It made me.of my primary school life.”可知，使役动词make后接省略to的动词不定式，在句中作宾语补足语，即make sb. do sth.，表示“让某人做某事”。故选A。50（2021·湖南岳阳·中考真题）The socialist new countryside (社会主义新农村）makes farmers _their living conditions.Ato improveBimproveCimproving【答案】B【解析】句意：社会主义新农村改善了农民的生活条件。考查非谓语动词。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选B。51（江苏省镇江市2021-2022学年八年级上学期期中考试英语试题）Funny films can always make you _ when you are sad.AlaughBlaughingClaughsDlaughed【答案】A【解析】句意：当你难过的时候，有趣的电影总能让你笑出来。考查使役动词的用法。根据make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”可知，此处要用不带to的不定式作宾补。故选A。52（2021·江苏泰州·七年级期中）Tommy often _ funny stories to make us _ a lot.Atells; laughBsays; laughCtells; to laughDsays; to laugh【答案】A【解析】句意：汤米经常讲有趣的故事使我们大笑不止。考查动词辨析以及非谓语动词。tell讲述；say说。tell stories“讲故事”，固定搭配。make sb. do sth.“使某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式作宾补，故选A。53（2021·重庆梁平·九年级期中）We ought to shut off the electricity when leaving the room. (改为否定句）We _ _ shut off the electricity when leaving the room.【答案】     oughtnt to【解析】句意：我们离开房间时应该把电源切断。否定句一般在be动词或者情态动词的后面加not，此处ought to表示“应该”，作情态动词使用，所以在ought后加not，故填oughtnt to。54（2021·重庆巴蜀中学七年级期中）Let Tom _ games with us.AplaysBplayCto playDplaying【答案】B【解析】句意：让Tom和我们玩游戏吧。考查let用法。let sb. do sth.表示“让某人做某事”，省略to的