重难点38短文填空之自由填空-2023年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(全国通用)(原卷版).docx

专项五 中考题型 重难点38 短文填空之自由填空短文自由填空题型满分技巧1. 解题步骤：（1）快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单把握的空，可以先填出来；（2）上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；（3）通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。2.无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词、代词、介词、连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。（1）名词前面一般用冠词、代词或介词等。（2）如果需要填入代词，就要考虑到是人称代词的主格、宾格或物主代词的变化、指示代词的用法；（3）并列的两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and, but, or等；（4）两句之间，如果不是并列句，则很可能是主从句，因此需要填入从属连词（what,which, who, how, when等）。或者是宾语从句，定语从句或者是状语从句的连接词。这种空格需要同学们根据句子结构，分析到底是什么从句，从而选择合适的从属连词。把语法知识测试全部放在语篇中进行，旨在考查考生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的词汇、语法等基础知识和对句型结构的灵活运用能力，而且还要求考生有良好的语感和一定的阅读理解能力。自由填空是中考短文填空中难度最大的，这种题目因题型的开放性和综合性而备受关注。试题特点是一篇短文挖空810个单词，且没有任何提示，让考生根据短文内容自由填词，难度较大，主观性较强，有时可能出现多种答案。典例解析下文是是关于以良好习惯开始青少年生活的小贴士（tips)，请根据上下文，把短文填充完整，每空一词。Tips for teenagersStep 1: Be active in class Giving a speech in class might be_1_ but it helps to make you feel more confident(自信）. It's OK_2_ you give the wrong answer. All smart students do and your classmates won't really care.Step 2: Getting enough rest People can't _3_ well when they are tired. Make sure you get enough sleep and take study breaks.Step 3: Develop healthy habits Starting your young life _4_good habits helps you have a healthy future. Do some exercise and eat healthy_5_.【短文大意】本文是关于以良好习惯开始青少年生活的建议：课上要活跃；要有足够的休息；养成健康的习惯。【答案解析】【1题详解】句意：在课堂上演讲可能很难，但它有助于让你感到更自信.连词but前后表示转折关系，but后表示在课上做演讲的好处，因此but前表示在课上做演讲的困难，作为系动词be的表语，用形容词，故填difficult。【2题详解】句意：如果你回答错了，也没关系。根据“All smart students do and your classmates won't really care.”可知，聪明的学生都这么做（犯错误），你的同学不会真的在乎。因此如果回答错了，也没有关系。故填if。【3题详解】句意：人们累了就不能很好地工作或学习或做事。根据“Make sure you get enough sleep and take study breaks.”可知，确保你有足够的睡眠和学习休息。因此人们累了就不能很好地工作，学习或做事。故填workstudydo。【4题详解】句意：从小养成好习惯能帮助你拥有健康的未来。start with用开始，用好习惯开始，with good habits。故填with。【5题详解】句意：做一些运动，吃健康的食物。根据“Develop healthy habits”和“eat”可知，要养成健康的习惯，因此要吃健康的食物，故填food。（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。Miss Wang recently had a worrying experience.One morning, just as she arrived at her _1_, Wang noticed some missed calls from her mother. “It must be something very important,” she thought to herself.Right away, she called her mother _2_ quite worriedly. To her surprise, Wang found her mother only wanted her charger (充电器), which Wang took to the office by mistake.When Wang hurried home from her office, she found her mothers _3_ was still 70% charged. And her mother was worried that it would run out of power as she continued using it.Now Wang realizes the seriousness of the problem. Her mother _4_ eight hours a day playing games, reading news and watching short videos online. And her mother has problems like poor eyesight, headache and so on.This story is not special and Wangs mother is not _5_. She is just one in a growing population of the old who lose themselves in playing with phones. As the old have _6_ chances to join in social activities, a smart phone is the best way to kill time.But too much time on phone can cause many problems. “Be careful when using your phones, _7_ you will be easily fooled!” Although the old are always warned like this, online frauds (欺骗) still happen to them. Now there are more family problems. Action should be taken.For the old, they should control their screen time and get enough rest. The young, for their part, should often visit the old, and help them learn more about online safety so that they can _8_ themselves. Also, the young can do more activities with the old like talking, walking and traveling, or encourage them to learn something at the universities for the aged.（2022·重庆·统考中考真题）根据下面短文内容，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。As students, you should study hard. More importantly, you should study in a smart way. Try these methods below.Spaced Repetition According to Ebbinghaus, youll _9_ easily if you dont review in time. After you read your study material for the first time, youd better come back to it 6 hours later, then 24 hours later, 3 days later, 7 days later or even 14 days later and above. Repeat it _10_ least 5 times, and you can almost remember everything. Jim Kwik's Technique(方法)According to Jim Kwik,  an expert on reading and the memory, the key to understanding your reading material is to ask question. You can put a line down the _11_ of a piece of paper. On the left, take notes of key information,while on the right, write down 3 kinds of questionshow, when and why. Among the questions, the most important _12_ is how you can use the key information. Connect it with the knowledge youve _13_ known. And think about what real life problems you can solve by using it. This helps to keep the information your mind.The Feynman TechniqueStudies show students can understand what theyve learned better when they _14_ someone else. The Feynman technique includes 4 basic steps. First, study. Second, teach what youve just learned to someone with zero knowledge of the subject in _15_ words. Third, find out which parts you can explain well and which parts you cant. Go back to the book and try to understand the topic once again. Fourth, repeat the steps above  _16_ you can explain the topic without looking at the book. （2022·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题）根据短文内容，在文中空格处填上一个恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。How does the tea plant grow? This term, some students got their answers in the schools rooftop(屋顶) garden. Many schools have built small gardens on their teaching buildings rooftop. Some students planted tea plants there. While taking _17_ of tea plants, they also did experiments to learn more about tea. How to _18_ egg soup and sandwiches? Some students learned to cook in an after-school cooking club. To parents _19_, their kids could cook some simple dishes in a short time. In the past, Chinese children were sometimes busier after school _20_ they had to take so many after-school classes. Now, students join all kinds of clubs. Why do students have free time to _21_ up their hobbies? Because China has introduced the “double reduction” policy(双减政策). It hopes to ease(减轻) students learning burden(负担) _22_ reducing homework and after-school classes. Students lives have changed a lot since the policy was carried out. On the one hand, their homework is clearly _23_ than before, they arent encouraged to buy workbooks(练习册) any more. Teenagers have more chances to get knowledge from the real life. This is a much better way than just hitting the books. On the other hand, students spend more time _24_ after-school clubs. They get lots of life skills from these colorful clubs and have enough time to relax and think for _25_. Its believed _26_ the “double reduction” policy makes a difference to students lives.（2022·山西·统考中考真题）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，在空白处填入恰当的单词，使短文通顺、连贯。每空一词。    Kids Body LanguageDo you want to know your kids well? If so, just start with their body language.We all talk, but most of the talking is body language. You may not notice it, _27_ we use body language much more than we think.Usually kids body language is the same _28_ adults, and sometimes it sends a different message. Here are some examples. Lets see what they mean.Not standing straightA kid _29_ doesnt stand straight may feel unhappy or just feel a bit down. He might not feel very good about himself, or _30_ might just be thinking about something else! Its not always easy to say, and most of the time he wont tell you _31_ is the matter.My advice: if there are no health problems, dont care.Not looking you in the eyeA kid who doesnt look you in the eye may not believe in himself, or he may be afraid _32_ his elders. He may also feel uncomfortable looking at anybody. There _33_ a few things that you can do. Try to do things with them that dont require looking at you. You could also pretend(假装) not to notice it.My advice: _34_ they are smart, friendly and polite, itll probably be OK.If you are interested _35_ kids body language, welcome to my corner. We will talk more about it from 8:00 _36_ 9:00 p.m. on Monday.（2022·河南·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。CarlosA great saying always helps a lot. There _37_ a lot of great Chinese sayings and many of them are about how to live _38_ good life. Whats your favorite Chinese saying? Vote (投票) for your favorite saying and tell us why you like it.RebeccaMy favorite saying is, “To have faults (错误) and not to correct them, this, indeed, is to have faults.” I agree with the saying. For example, _39_ took me much time to learn new words when I began learning Chinese. I didnt want to put in the time to practice. That was my greatest weakness. So I try _40_ correct it by finding an enjoyable way to study. Reading is really a good start.Rosa“When I have two others with me, I can always find one to be my teacher” is one of my favorites. Whenever I practice _41_ my classmates, I will think of this great saying. I can learn a lot from others, even from the mistakes.（2022·广东·统考中考真题）请阅读下面短文，在所给的每个空格中填入一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。Would you like to start your day with a cup of tea? If the answer is _42_, you may have the same habit as many people.You may not know _43_ popular tea is. Among all kinds of drinks, tea is one of the two choices. People like it because it is _44_ for their health.Tea is mostly produced _45_ Asian countries like China and India. Chinese people started to drink tea as early as 5,000 years _46_. At that time, people made tea in a simple way just put fresh tea leaves into hot _47_.Tea wasnt introduced into Europe until the early 17th century. And now it has _48_ popular in Europe and America. People there like to _49_ tea with sugar or milk in it. As the population of tea drinkers gets larger, tea business is getting _50_ important than before. The first International Tea Day was on May 21st, 2020. Since then, people have celebrated _51_ every year. The Day makes people realize the importance of tea workers and.（2022·内蒙古赤峰·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据语篇内容填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。From:Li HuaTo:Mr. GaoSubject:InvitationDear Mr. Gao,Our class is planning to have a party to say goodbye to our middle school life. Im writing to _52_ you to join us. Please come to our classroom at 7:00 p. m. on June 30th. During _53_ past three years, we have learned a lot from you, not only knowledge but also the way _54_ solve problems in life. We will share the sweet memories and talk _55_ our dreams at the party. All of us want to give thanks to you. Without your help, we wont have so much wonderful time.We are _56_ forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua（2022·吉林·统考中考真题）请将下面电子邮件的节选内容补充完整，每空不超过两个单词。From: JimmyTo: TomFrom: Tom To: JimmyHi, Tom! Do you still remember our conversation about going to the cinema? Well, the _57_ Spider Man be shown next week. _58_ going to see it together? Ive heard its very good.That sounds great! When would you like to go? Im busy this week, _59_ I will be free next Monday. I can _60_ the tickets online. Theyre _61_, and we can save some money.（2022·内蒙古通辽·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据语篇意义填空，使短文通顺，意思完整，每空限填一词。All around the world, families celebrate special days together. Traditions for these days _62_ been very different. Some of them may surprise you. Families in most countries have a special day to celebrate mothers. In Serbia, this day is on _63_ second Sunday before Christmas. On that day, children sneak (溜) into their mothers bedroom and tie her feet with ribbon so that she cant get out of bed. Then they shout, “Mothers Day, Mothers Day! What will you pay _64_ get away?” Then the mother gives them presents so that the kids “free” her. In China, they say that babies are one year old when they are born. After that, all children celebrate their birthdays on New Years Day because thats when they grow a year _65_. Actual birthdays are usually celebrated with a big family meal. The tradition is that the “birthday boy” or “birthday girl” should fill their mouth with as _66_ long noodles as they can and then eat them. This is because in Chinese culture, long noodles are a symbol of long life.（2022·四川巴中·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在空白处填入恰当的词，并用其正确形式使短文完整、通顺、正确。将答案写到答题卡上相应的位置。I havent seen my teacher Mr. Jenkins since I finished school, but I often think about him. I wasnt good at most school _67_. The only thing that I could remember is where the rain comes from! However, when I was 15 and went in Mr. Jenkins class, everything changed. Before I _68_ by Mr. Jenkins, science had simply been a subject full of strange words to me. I didnt know what CO2 was and I didnt really want to know, _69_. I found it so boring and difficult, but Mr. Jenkins made everything interesting. He used to teach things _70_ seemed difficult with lots of examples and in simple language. One day, he even took us outside and built a rocket! I remember that he let us _71_ some fuel（燃料）into the rocket, and then another student lit a match to set _72_ off. It was great fun. I know that I wasnt smart, _73_ Mr. Jenkins made me feel that I had my own strengths. Then, I became _74_ active student in learning new things. I was _75_ in the study of the stars and planets and he asked me to give a report to the class. Now I take a job as a science teacher _76_ Mr. Jenkins.