专题16-简单句一(陈述句、疑问句)-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练(通用版)(解析版).docx

专题16-简单句一（陈述句、疑问句）备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法专项练（通用版）一、单项选择1Tom is going there. You _ go there.Aneednt toBdont need toCdont needDneed【答案】B【详解】句意：汤姆要去那里。你不需要去那了。考查need的用法。need需要，作为情态动词后跟动词原形，作为实义动词后跟动词不定式。根据“Tom is going there. You go there.”可知，此处表示否定，即不需要去，使用neednt或者dont need to。故选B。2Could you water the flowers, Nick?Sorry, mom. I _ my homework.Adont finishBwont finishCdidnt finishDhavent finished【答案】D【详解】句意：尼克，你能给花浇水吗？对不起，妈妈。我作业还没做完。考查动词时态。根据空前“Sorry, mom.”语境可知，应是空处的动作还没完成，对妈妈布置的任务产生了影响，故用现在完成时，构成形式为：have/has done，否定形式在have/has后加not。故选D。3We _ any drinks because there is enough in the fridge.Aneednt toBdont needCnot needDdont need to【答案】B【详解】句意：我们不需要任何饮料，因为冰箱里有足够的了。考查动词。need“需要”，作为情态动词时，后面接动词原形，其否定形式为neednt；作为实义动词时，后面接名词，代词或动词不定式作宾语，其否定形式为dont/doesnt/didnt need。此处接名词any drinks作宾语，因此need作实义动词，主语we是复数形式，否定句需借助助动词dont，即dont need，故选B。4Youd better _ too much time playing computer games.Anot spendBnot to spendCnot spentDnot spending【答案】A【详解】句意：你最好不要在玩电脑游戏上花太多时间。考查情态动词had better。根据“Youd bettertoo much time playing computer games.”可知，本题考查情态动词had better+动词的原形，其否定形式是had better not+动词的原形。故选A。5We have rules in the classroom. We must _ or write on the desks and chairs.AdrawBto drawCnot drawDnot to draw【答案】C【详解】句意：我们在教室里有规则。我们不能在课桌和椅子上画画或写字。考查情态动词后加动词原形的用法和否定句。情态动词must后应加原形动词draw，排除B和D；根据“We must.or write on the desks and chairs.”和选项可知，在课桌和椅子上画画或写字都是不对的，所以我们不能这么做，情态动词must后应加not表否定。故选C。6Well go climbing Huangshan Mountain if it _ rain this Sunday.AwillBwontCdidntDdoesnt【答案】D【详解】句意：如果这个星期天不下雨，我们就去爬黄山。考查时态辨析及否定句。if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，从句用一般现在时表将来，排除ABC。此处表示“不下雨”就去怕黄山，用doesnt构成否定句。故选D。7Students _ listen to music while they are riding bikes on the road.AmustBcanCneedntDshouldnt【答案】D【详解】句意：当他们在路上骑自行车的时候，学生们不应该听音乐。考查情态动词。must必须；can能；neednt没必要；shouldnt不应该。根据“while they are riding bikes on the road.”结合常识可知，不应该边听歌边骑车，故选D。8There isnt _ milk in the fridge. Would you like to buy _ for me? OK.Asome; anyBsome; someCany; someDany; any【答案】C【详解】句意：冰箱里没有牛奶了，你愿意给我买一些吗？好的。考查不定代词辨析。some一些，常用于肯定句，希望得到肯定的回答时也用some；any一些，常用于否定句或疑问句。根据“There isnt.milk in the fridge.”可知，此句是否定句，故用any；根据“Would you like to buy.for me?”可知，希望得到肯定回答，故用some。故选C。9Overfishing _ in order to protect the oceans ecosystem.AallowsBis allowedCisnt allowedDwont allow【答案】C【详解】句意：为了保护海洋生态系统，不允许过度捕捞。考查时态和语态。主语“Overfishing”与allow之间是动宾关系，此处陈述一般事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为am/is/are done；结合“in order to protect the oceans ecosystem”可知为了保护海洋生态系统，过度捕捞是不允许的，用否定结构。故选C。10Maybe we cant recognize (认出) Diana when we meet her at the airport.Dont worry! I know she _ yet for the past few years.Adidnt changeBwont changeChasnt changedDwasnt changing【答案】C【详解】句意：也许我们在机场没法认出戴安娜了。别担心！我知道她最近几年没有什么变化。考查现在完成时。根据时间状语 for the past few years可知，用于现在完成时态，根据“Dont worry!”可知，此处是否定句，现在完成时的结构是have/has done的形式，主语是she，助动词用has，change“改变”，是动词，过去分词是changed，故选C。11Your father _ to take these pills . Its not good for memory.But this morning he could remember _ with Bob last night.Adoesnt need; stayingBneed; to stayCneeds; stayed【答案】A【详解】句意：你父亲不需要吃这些药。这对记忆力不好。但今天早上他还记得昨晚和鲍勃在一起。考查主谓一致和非谓语动词。doesnt need不需要；need需要；stay停留。根据“Its not good for memory”可知，这对记忆力不好，因此你父亲不需要吃这些药；remember doing sth“记得做过某事”；remember to do sth“记得去做某事”。根据“But this morning”可知，此处表示转折， 根据“last night”此处表示记得昨晚做过的事，因此用动名词作宾语，故选A。12He doesnt speak English or Japanese, _ ?_. He speaks Chinese.Adoes he; Yes, he doesntBdoesnt he; No, he doesCdoes he; No, he doesntDdoes he; Yes, he does【答案】C【详解】句意：他不讲英语或日语，是吗？ 是的，他不讲。 他讲汉语。考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句要遵循“前否后肯，前肯后否”原则。由doesnt可知第一个空应为does he；反意疑问句的答语要根据事实作答，肯定回答用“Yes+肯定结构”，否定回答用“No+否定结构”，根据“He speaks Chinese.”可知，此处为否定回答，用“No, he doesnt.”。故选C。13Which is the sentence pattern of “It is raining heavily”? _.AS+V+OBS+V+IO+DOCS+VDS+V+O+OC【答案】C【详解】句意：“It is raining heavily”的句子结构是什么？主语+谓语。考查句子结构。“It is raining heavily”是肯定句，主语是“it”指代天气，谓语动词是“is raining”，是现在进行时，“heavily”是副词修饰动词。句子结构是S+V。故选C。14Have you heard about the school trip next week?Sorry. I _ about it because I was busy writing my book report.Awas toldBtoldCwasnt toldDdidnt tell【答案】C【详解】句意：你听说过下周的学校旅行吗？对不起。没有人告诉我这件事，因为我正忙着写读书报告。考查动词语态辨析。tell告诉；分析句子可知，主语I是动词tell的受动者，需用be done被动语态结构，可排除BD两项；根据题干“Sorry. Iabout it because I was busy writing my book report”，可知没被告知，故选C。15Isnt that Anns husband over there?No, it _be him. He doesnt wear glasses.AcantBmustntCneedntDmay not【答案】A【详解】句意：那不是安的丈夫吗？不，不可能是他。他不戴眼镜。考查情态动词。cant不可能；mustnt禁止；neednt不需要；may not也许不。根据后文“He doesnt wear glasses.”可知，他不戴眼镜，所以此处表示“不可能”的含义。故选A。16Mrs. Green found her husbands voice sounded strange on the phone, _?Adoesnt sheBdidnt sheChasnt sheDisnt she【答案】B【详解】句意：格林夫人发现她丈夫的声音在电话里听起来很奇怪，对吗？考查反意疑问句。分析句子可知，此处是反意疑问句：陈述句+附加疑问句。再根据谓语“found”可知，附加疑问句由didnt和主语she构成。故选B。17 _ will you give your students a speech on AI technology, Dr. Liu? Tomorrow afternoon.AWhenBWhyCWhatDWhere【答案】A【详解】句意：刘博士，你什么时候给学生们做一次关于人工智能技术的演讲？明天下午。考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候；Why为什么；What什么；Where哪里。根据“Tomorrow afternoon”可知，此处提问的是时间，使用when。故选A。18Promise me to listen carefully and take notes during online lessons, _?Acan weBare youCwill youDshall we【答案】C【详解】句意：答应我在网上上课时认真听讲，做笔记，好吗？考查反意疑问句。句子是祈使句，反意疑问句部分用will you，故选C。19The doctors have done their best to save the dying patient, _?Ahave theyBhavent theyCdid theyDdidnt they【答案】B【详解】句意：医生们已经尽了最大的努力来挽救垂死的病人，不是吗？考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”原则，陈述部分是肯定句，所以反问部分用否定，排除AC选项；陈述部分是现在完成时，所以反问用助动词have，故选B。20_ differences can you find between the two pictures, Kevin?Five.AHow manyBHow muchCWhenDWhich【答案】A【详解】句意：在这两张图片中，你能找到多少处不同，凯文？五处。考查特殊疑问句。How many多少，用于提问可数名词复数；How much多少，用于提问不可数名词；When什么时候；Which哪一个。根据“differences”和答语“Five”可知，此处询问多少处不同，是对可数名词复数的提问。故选A。21Annie has bought a new shirt for her grandpa, _?Ahas sheBhasnt sheCdoes sheDdoesnt she【答案】B【详解】句意：Annie已经给她的祖父买了一件新的衬衣，是不是？考查反意疑问句。反意疑问句前肯后否，前否后肯，本句前面是肯定，完成时has done结构，后面应该是完成时的否定结构，故选B。22 _ do you go to the library with your classmate? Almost every week.AHow soonBHow farCHow oftenDHow long【答案】C【详解】句意：你多久和同学去一次图书馆？ 几乎每个星期都去。考查特殊疑问句。How soon多久以后；How far多远；How often多久一次；How long多长时间。结合“Almost every week.”可知，此处问的是动作发生的频率，应用how often提问，故选C。23Dad, must I become a doctor like you when I finish university in the future?No, you_. You can make your own decision and do whatever you like.Adont have toBcantCmustntDcouldnt【答案】A【详解】句意：爸爸，我将来大学毕业后一定要像你一样当医生吗？不，你不必这么做。你可以自己做决定，做任何你喜欢的事。考查must一般疑问句的回答。must引导的一般疑问句否定回答为：No, you neednt/dont have to，所以A选项正确，故选A。24_ does your school organize an English Reading Festival?Once a term.AHow oftenBHow oldCHow longDHow soon【答案】A【详解】句意：你们学校多久组织一次英语阅读节？一学期一次。考查特殊疑问句。 How often多久一次；How old多大；How long多长；How soon多久。根据答语“Once a term.”可知，此处对频率进行提问，故选A。25The number of words you remember depends on _ you review them. I agree with you, and I go over words every few days.Ahow soonBhow longChow oftenDhow far【答案】C【详解】句意：你记住的单词的数量取决于你多久复习一次它们。我同意你，我每隔几天就复习单词。考查特殊疑问词。how soon多久以后；how long多久；how often多长时间一次；how far多远。根据“I go over words every few days”可知，我每隔几天就复习单词，指复习的频率，应用“how often”，意为你记住的单词的数量取决于你多久复习一次它们。故填C。26_ will the COVID-19 pandemic (新冠疫情) last? I have no idea. I hope it will be over soon.AHow oftenBHow muchCHow longDHow old【答案】C【详解】句意：新冠疫情将持续多久？我不知道。我希望它能快点结束。考查特殊疑问句。How often“多长时间一次”；How much“多少”；How long“多久”；How old“多大（年龄）”。根据“last”和“I hope it will be over soon.”可知，此处是问新冠疫情将持续多久。故选C。27Tom, _ you finish your homework in ten minutes?Yes, I can.AmustBshouldCneedDcan【答案】D【详解】句意：汤姆，你能在十分钟内完成你的作业吗？是的，我能。考查情态动词辨析。must必须；should应该；need需要；can能。根据答语“Yes, I can”可知空处应用can，故选D。28 _ do you look worried, Mike? I lost my new bike.AHowBWhenCWhereDWhy【答案】D【详解】你为什么看起来很烦恼，Mike？我丢失了我的自行车。how如何；when什么时候；where哪里；why为什么。根据“I lost my new bike.”可知，提问的是Mike烦恼的原因。故选D。29Dad, I miss my mom so much. _ will she come back home?In a week.AHow oftenBHow longCHow soonDHow far【答案】C【详解】句意：爸爸，我非常想念妈妈。多久后她才能回家？一周后。考查特殊疑问词的辨析。how often多长时间一次，就频率提问；how long多长时间，答语一般是时间段；how soon多久之后，就in+时间段提问；how far多远，就距离提问。答语“in a week”可知用how soon提问，故选C。30_ I take photos here?Sorry, you cant. Its not allowed in the museum.AMustBNeedCCanDWill【答案】C【详解】句意：我可以在这里拍照吗？对不起，你不能。博物馆不允许拍照。考查动词辨析。Must必须；Need需要；Can可以；Will将会。根据答语“Sorry, you cant”可知，用can提问，用can/cant回答。故选C。二、改写句子31They needed more materials to make the model. (改为否定句)They _ _ more materials to make the model.【答案】     didnt     need【详解】句意：他们需要更多的材料来做这个模型。原句是一般过去时，动词是实义动词，变成否定句要借助助动词didnt，助动词后接动词原形，故填didnt；need。32My younger brother attends STEM classes in the Science Museum every week.   (划线部分提问)_ _ does your younger brother attend STEM classes in the Science Museum?【答案】     How     often【详解】句意：我弟弟每周都去科学博物馆上STEM课。句子中划线部分为every week，使用how often提问，表示“多久一次”，首字母大写。故填How；often。33her mother has been a party member for there agos.（改为同义句）Her mother _ the party three years _ .【答案】     joined     ago34Tony has already got two tickets for the Ski Jumping. (改为否定句)Tony _ got two tickets for the Ski Jumping _.【答案】     hasnt     yet【详解】句意：托尼已经有两张跳台滑雪的票了。本句是现在完成时的肯定句，改为否定句只需在has后加not，缩写为hasnt；already在否定句中要改为yet，放在句末。故填hasnt；yet。35We can be ready for work in about ten minutes. (对划线部分提问)_ _ can you be ready for work?【答案】     How     soon【详解】句意：大约十分钟后我们就可以开始工作了。划线部分“in about ten minutes”应用how soon提问，表示“还有多久”，故填How；soon。36The monitor has already finished all the homework. (改为否定句)The monitor _ finished all the homework _.【答案】     hasnt     yet【详解】句意：班长已经完成了所有的作业。原句用的是现在完成时，have/has+动词的过去分词结构，否定是在助动词have/has后面加not，即havent/hasnt+动词的过去分词。句中主语是“the monitor”，因此否定是hasnt。肯定句中的already在否定句或一般疑问句中改为yet并放句尾。故填hasnt；yet。37Dogs need fresh air and large open space to run free. (对划线部分提问)_ _ dogs need to run free?【答案】     What     do【详解】句意：狗需要新鲜的空气和大的开放空间才能自由奔跑。划线部分是宾语，是狗能够自由奔跑需要的条件，疑问句用what提问，放在句首要大写首字母。原句是一般现在时，疑问句的助动词是do。故填What；do。38I dont have a baseball bat. My brother has one.（改写句子，句意不变）I dont have a baseball bat, _ my brother _.【答案】     but     does【详解】句意：我没有棒球棒，我弟弟有一个。根据语境可知时态是一般现在时。要求改写句子，句意不变，即“我没有棒球棒，但我弟弟有”。这里前后是一种转折关系，故第一空用but，主语my brother是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用三单形式，为了避免重复，用does代替，故填but；does。39Unless you improve your pronunciation, you wont pass the oral test. (保持句意基本不变)_ you _ improve your pronunciation, you wont pass the oral test.【答案】     If     dont【详解】句意：除非你改进发音，否则你就不会通过口试。此处是unless引导的条件状语从句，unless“除非，如果不”，是连词，相当于if not，if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时态，主语是you，含有实义动词improve，变成否定句要借助do+not，可以缩写成dont。故填If；dont。40The senior officer said to the soldiers, “Dont fire without my permission.”（改为间接引语） The senior officer _ the soldiers _ to fire without his permission.【答案】     told#ordered     not【详解】句意：高级军官对士兵们说：“没有我的允许，不要开火。”改为间接引语，直接引语中出现said to，间接引语应该改为told或ordered；直接引语为祈使句，间接引语要用动词不定式，否定not要放在动词不定式前，即told/ordered sb not to do sth。故填told/ordered；not。41He is so nervous that he can hardly solve the math problem. (改为简单句)He is _ nervous _ solve the math problem.【答案】     too     to【详解】题目要求改为简单句。原句是so . that 引导的状语从句，要改为简单句可将其替换为短语too to ，意为“太而不能”，句子大意不变，故答案为(1). too (2). to。42The girl felt so lucky that she could get a chance to interview the scientist. (改为简单句)   The girl felt _ to get a chance to interview the scientist.【答案】lucky enough【详解】句意：这个女孩感到很幸运，她能有机会采访那位科学家。此句是结果目的状语从句，使用enoughto改为简单句，结合句意可知，此空是“足够的幸运”意思，故答案为lucky enough。43The new computer cost Vincent 5,000 yuan.（对划线部分提问）   _ _ did the new computer cost Vincent?【答案】     How     much【详解】句意：这台新电脑花了文森特5000元。划线部分表示价格，用how much进行提问，句首需大写首字母。故填How；much。44The Trojans dragged the wood horse into the city with ropes. (对划线部分提问)_   _ the Trojans drag the wood horse into the city?【答案】     How     did【详解】句意：特洛伊人用绳子把木马拖进城。划线部分表示工具、手段，对此提问用how，原句时态是一般过去时，变疑问句需要借助助动词did，置于主语前，后跟动词原形。故填How；did。45The professor created a new system to store more information. (改为一般疑问句)_ the professor _ a new system to store more information?【答案】     Did     create【详解】句意：教授创造一个新的系统去储存更多信息。题目要求改为一般疑问句，原句使用一般过去时，应用助动词did提问，谓语动词“create”用动词原形。故填Did；create。46There will be more and more people travelling in Disneyland during holidays. (改为反意疑问句)There will be more and more people travelling in Disneyland during holidays, _ _?【答案】     wont     there【详解】句意：假期里会有越来越多的人去迪斯尼乐园旅游。分析句子可知句子是一般将来时的There be句型，变为反意疑问句，需要使用助动词will和there，前肯后否，故此处第一个空为will not，缩写为wont，第二个空为there。故填wont；there。47My parents had a great time when they were traveling on Phuket Island. (改为一般疑问句)_ your parents _ a great time when they were traveling on Phuket Island?【答案】     Did     have【详解】句意：当我的父母在普吉岛旅游时，他们玩得很开心。考查陈述句变一般疑问句。原句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词had为实义动词，所以应用助动词did，位于句首，首字母d需大写，did后实义动词恢复为原形，故填Did；have。48 Have Tom and Jerry seen this movie before? (补全否定回答) No, _ _.【答案】     they     havent【详解】句意：Tom和Jerry之前看过这部电影吗？不，他们没有。have引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用havent，主语Tom and Jerry是复数形式，代词用they，故填they；havent。49Paul lost an arm after a traffic accident five years ago.（改为一般疑问句）_ Paul _ an arm after a traffic accident five years ago?【答案】     Did     lose【详解】句意：Paul在五年前的一场交通事故之后失去了一只手臂。根据“Paul lost an arm .”，可知，原句是含有实义动词的一般过去时，变一般疑问句时需借助助动词did，放句首首字母大写，其后跟动词原形lose。故填Did；lose。50The computer knowledge in the textbook is old-fashioned. (保持句意基本相同) The computer knowledge in the textbook is_ _ date.【答案】     out     of【详解】句意：课本里的电脑知识是过时的。old-fashioned保守的，老旧的，过时的，改写句子中缺少此含义，根据横线后date可知考查的是短语out of date过时的。故答案为out；of。51There is some juice in the little bottle. (改为反意疑问句)There is some juice in the little bottle, _?【答案】isnt there【详解】句意：小瓶子里有一些果汁。本题考查反意疑问句。原句为There be句型的肯定句，时态为一般现在时，根据反意疑问句“前后相反，时态一致”的原则，可知后面用否定的简短问句（isnt there）。故填isnt there。52The government has set up many mobile hospitals to fight against Covid-19.（改为反意疑问句）The government has set up many mobile hospitals to fight against Covid-19, _ _?【答案】     hasnt     it【详解】句意：政府已经建立了许多移动医院来对抗新型冠状病毒肺炎。反意疑问句遵循的原则是：前肯后否，前否后肯，原句中是现在完成时态，前面的句子为肯定句，因此反意部分应用否定形式，其结构为havent/hasnt+主格，主语“The government”是单数，用hasnt，主格用it代指the government。故填hasnt it。53My teacher can sing and