广东省2022年中考英语复习学案-专题九动词的语态.docx

专题九动词的语态广东省卷近5年中考统计情况20172018201920202021被动语态1. 被动语态的用法不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁, 这时不用by+动作执行者短语Such books are written for children. 这些书是为儿童写的。强调动作的承受者, 这时应用by短语The cup was broken by David. 这个杯子被大卫打碎了。作客观说明时, 常采用一种被动语态句型: It was said / believed/reported/+that . . . 据说/据信/据报道Its reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake. 据报道, 大约有300人在地震中丧生。2. 被动语态的构成句式句型结构例句肯定句主语+be+过去分词(+ by. . . ). He is often asked to do this work (by his boss). 他经常被(老板)要求做这项工作。否定句主语+ be not+过去分词(+ by. . . ). I am not invited to the party (by him). 我没有被(他)邀请参加宴会。一般疑问句Be+主语+过去分词(+ by. . . )? Are your clothes washed by yourself? 你自己洗衣服吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+ be+主语+过去分词(+ by. . . )? What is this sweater made of? 这件毛衣是由什么制成的? 3. 由主动语态变为被动语态的方法(1)主动句里的宾语变为被动句里的主语。(2)主动语态的谓语动词变为被动语态的谓语形式, 即“be+动词的过去分词”。要注意be动词既保持主动句的时态, 又要与被动句的主语在人称和数上保持一致。(3)主动句里的主语变为介词by的宾语, 再把整个介词短语放在谓语动词之后, 有时该短语可以省略。例如: 各种时态被动语态的构成时态句型结构例句一般现在时主语+am/is/are +过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day. 我们的教室每天都打扫。一般过去时主语+was/were+过去分词The car was made in Germany in 2003. 这辆车2003年产自德国。一般将来时主语+will +be+过去分词主语+be going to+be+过去分词The sports meeting will/ is going to be held in October. 运动会将于10月举行。含情态动词主语+情态动词+be +过去分词Should teenagers be allowed to surf the Internet? 青少年应该被允许上网吗? (A)1. Dr Bethune _still _in both China and Canada today.   A. is; rememberedB. is; rememberingC. will; rememberD. has; remembered(B)2. A babys first month birthday is a special event in China and _with a special party.  A. celebratesB. is celebratedC. was celebratedD. will celebrate(D)3. The boy thinks he shouldnt _what to do because he is 18 now.  A. tellB. tellsC. tellingD. be told(C)4. Two bridges _over the river five years ago in our city.  A. buildB. builtC. were builtD. are built特殊形式的被动语态有两个宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)的句子的被动语态常见的接双宾语的动词有give, teach, pay, tell, buy, show, lend, write, pass等。通常这种句子可以改为以“人”作主语和以“物”作主语的两种被动语态He gave me a book. 他给了我一本书。I was given a book by him. (以I作主语)A book was given to me by him. (以book作主语)feel, hear, listen to, have, make, let(让; 使), look at, watch, see, notice在主动语态中, 其后的动词不定式不加to, 但在变被动语态时必须加toI saw him go into the office building. 我看到他走进办公楼。He was seen to go into the office building. 他被看见走进办公楼。 动词短语使用被动语态时, 不能去掉构成动词短语的介词或副词。 这类动词短语有: look after, look at, take care of, put up, take away, go over, pay attention to, cut down, laugh at等They took good care of my child. (主动)他们照顾好我的孩子。My child was taken good care of (by them). (被动)我的孩子被(他们)照顾得很好。有些动词表被动意义, 不强调动作, 特别是主语为物时。常见的动词有sell, write, wash等These novels wont sell well. 这些小说不好卖。This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布容易洗。不及物动词(短语)happen, take place没有被动语态Great changes have taken place in Dongguan in the last few years. 过去的几年里, 东莞发生了很大的变化。“want/need/require +动名词”用主动表被动The door is broken. It needs repairing/to be repaired. 门坏了, 需要修理。(A)In the old days, they _in the factory from morning to night.  A. were made to workB. asked to workC. made to workD. were asked work(B)1. (2020·安顺中考)Krystal, do you know how tea is produced? Yes. When tea leaves are ready, they are picked by hand and then _for processing.  A. sendB. are sentC. were sentD. sending(B)2. (2020·黔南州中考) With the development of China, Chinese _by more and more people in the world.  A. speaksB. is spokenC. speakD. is speaking(A) 3. (2020·黔西南州中考)A number of volunteers will _for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.  A. be neededB. are neededC. are needingD. be needing(A)4. (2020·哈尔滨中考)What language _in Canada?   Both English and French. A. is spokenB. speaksC. is speakingD. spoke(C) 5. (2020·绥化中考) The old lady _the hospital in time at last.  A. is taken toB. took toC. was taken toD. is taken(D) 6. (2020·泸州中考)Our plan to have a graduation ceremony _in the next class meeting.  A. was discussedB. will discussC. is discussedD. will be discussed(B) 7. (2020·牡丹江中考)According to the new city rules, we _to show our green health codes (健康码) when we go to public places.  A. askB. are askedC. were askedD. asked(A)8. (2020·湘西中考)Aizhai Great Bridge _in March 2012 and it is one of the highest bridges in Asia.  A. was builtB. builtC. is builtD. is build(C) 9. (2020·丹东中考)Basketball _in 1891. Then in 1936 in Berlin, it became an event at the Olympics.  A. playsB. is playedC. was playedD. played(C)10. (2020·铜仁中考)China is getting stronger and stronger. Yes. So Chinese _by more and more foreigners.  A. learnB. learnedC. is learnedD. was learned(A)11. (2020·新疆中考)Most of the earths surface _by water.  A. is coveredB. coversC. is grownD. grows(C)12. (2020·滨州中考)Will you go to Lisas housewarming party next Sunday? Well, if I _, I will go on time.  A. inviteB. will inviteC. am invitedD. will be invited(D) 13. (2020·重庆中考A卷)Another bridge over the Jialing River _last year.  A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. was built(D) 14. (2020·重庆中考B卷) When I was young, I _by my grandparents.  A. look afterB. looked afterC. am looked afterD. was looked after(C)15. (2021·大连中考)The 2022 Asian Games _in Hangzhou.  A. holdB. heldC. will be heldD. have held(A)16. (2021·重庆中考)A lot of trees _in our city in spring every year.  A. are plantedB. were planted C. plantD. planted(C)17. (2021·天津中考)The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese cartoon hero. Today, he _by people of all ages.  A. will loveB. was lovedC. is lovedD. will be loved(C)18. (2021·泸州中考) “Im still working because Im still capable and hope to guide more young people, ” said Wu Mengchao when he _.  A. is interviewedB. is interviewingC. was interviewedD. was interviewing(D)19. (2021·遂宁中考)To celebrate the 100th birthday of the Communist Party of China, a speech competition _in our school last week.  A. holdB. heldC. is heldD. was held(C)20. (2021·昆明中考)A lot of teenagers think as they are older and wiser, they _to make their own decisions.  A. should allowB. shouldnt allowC. should be allowedD. shouldnt be allowed语法选择Have you ever had a day when everything goes wrong? Not too long ago, I was having one of those days. In low spirits, I was 1. I was thinking about my problems alone. After all, no one else 2 the same problems as I was.  I expressed my sadness to my mother, hoping for some pity. 3 she said, “ I heard Lily was also having a difficult day. Why not make her some cookies and take them to her this afternoon? ” I didnt really want to, but decided that I didnt want 4 back to my own problems yet. I made the cookies and placed 5 on a plate. Then I made a card with a sunflower on it and wrote a small warm and sweet note.  That afternoon, we dropped in at my friends house. I went to the door and rang the bell. Soon, Lily came to the door. She didnt expect our visit. So she looked at us 6 surprise. Before she 7 say something, I rushed, “I heard that you were having a bad day and decided to bring you something. I hope your day goes 8. ”The look on Lilys face was getting bright in that small act. It was as if a dark sky suddenly shined with the golden rays of the sun. Her day 9.  I got back into the car and for some 10, I felt a lot better myself. That day I experienced the truth “Those who bring sunshine to the lives of others cannot keep it from themselves. ” (C) 1. A. happyB. happilyC. unhappyD. unhappily(A) 2. A. was experiencingB. is experiencingC. has experiencedD. experienced(C) 3. A. SoB. AndC. ButD. As(B) 4. A. goB. to goC. takeD. to take(D) 5. A. theyB. theirC. themselvesD. them(A) 6. A. inB. onC. toD. at(B) 7. A. shouldB. couldC. needD. must(D) 8. A. badB. worseC. wellD. better(C) 9. A. cheerB. is cheeredC. was cheeredD. cheered(C) 10. A. resultsB. resultC. reasonsD. reason关闭Word文档返回原板块