广东省2022年中考英语复习学案-专题八谓语动词的时态.docx

专题八谓语动词的时态广东省卷近5年中考统计情况201720182019202020211. 一般现在时2. 现在进行时3. 一般过去时4. 一般将来时5. 过去进行时6. 现在完成时be 动词的时态1. 一般现在时一般现在时表示现在一段时间经常性、规律性、习惯性的动作或状态, 也可用来表示主语现在具有的性格、能力或特征等。常和以下时间状语连用: now, always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly, seldom, never, every day, every week, once a year, from time to time等。句式结构例句肯定句主语+ am/is/are+表语(+其他). She is 18 years old this year. 今年她十八岁。否定句主语+am/is/ are+ not+表语(+其他). They arent at school now. 现在他们不在学校。一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+表语(+其他)? Are you a teacher? 你是老师吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+ am/is/are+主语(+其他)? What is your job? 你做什么工作? 2. 一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某段时间发生的动作或存在的状态, 也可表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为或状态。常和以下时间状语连用: yesterday, last year, two months ago, the other day, once upon a time, just now, in the old days等。句式结构例句肯定句主语+was/were+表语(+其他). I was ill last week. 上星期我生病了。否定句主语+was/were+not+ 表语(+其他). They werent late this morning. 今天上午他们没有迟到。一般疑问句Was/ Were+主语+表语(+其他)? Was she once a tennis player? 她曾经是网球运动员吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+ was/were+主语(+其他)? How were you last week? 上周你过得怎么样? 3. 一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某一时刻将要发生的动作或存在的状态。常和以下时间状语连用: soon, tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, in two months, in the future, this afternoon/evening/year, before long, some day等。句式结构例句肯定句主语+will be+表语(+其他). She will be successful in the future. 将来她会成功的。否定句主语+will not be+表语(+其他). I will not be a doctor when I grow up. 我长大后不会当医生。一般疑问句Will+主语+be+表语(+其他)? Will she be successful in the future? 将来她会成功吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+will+主语+be(+其他)? How will she be in the future? 将来她会怎么样? (B)1. Why _your sister unhappy yesterday?  Because she didnt pass her English test. A. wereB. wasC. didD. could(C) 2. How _your father?  Pretty well. Thanks. A. areB. doesC. isD. do(D) 3. I _sad if such a thing happens to me.  A. amB. willC. wasD. will be(C) 4. Tom, you arrived at 9: 00 this morning. Sorry. I _late again for school later.  A. will beB. willC. wont beD. wont(B) 5. My parents _both doctors when they got married.  A. areB. wereC. doD. did实义动词的时态1. 一般现在时用法: 同be动词一般现在时的用法。句式结构例句肯定句主语+动词原形+其他. 第三人称单数主语+动词第三人称单数形式+其他. They often ride a bike to school. 他们经常骑自行车去上学。否定句主语+dont+动词原形+其他. 第三人称单数主语+doesnt+动词原形+其他. They dont watch TV in the evening. 他们晚上不看电视。一般疑问句Do+主语+动词原形+其他? Does+第三人称单数主语+动词原形+其他? Do they often ride a bike to school? 他们经常骑自行车去上学吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+do+主语+动词原形+其他? 特殊疑问词+does+第三人称单数主语+动词原形+其他? How do they often go to school? 他们经常怎么去上学? 标志词1. often, usually, always, sometimes2. every +时间类名词, 如every day/week/month3. on Sundays; once a week; twice a day; in the morning/evening/afternoon注意: often, usually, always在句中的位置: 通常是在be动词之后, 行为动词之前注意的问题一般现在时中, 当句子主语是第三人称单数时谓语动词用单数形式2. 一般过去时(温馨提示: 中考高频考点)用法: 同be动词一般过去时的用法句式结构例句肯定句主语+动词过去式+其他. We saw a film last night. 我们昨天晚上看电影了。否定句主语+didnt+动词原形+其他. We didnt see a film last night. 我们昨天晚上没有看电影。一般疑问句Did+主语+动词原形+其他? Did you see a film last night? 你们昨天晚上看电影了吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他? What did you do last night? 你们昨天晚上做什么了? 标志词1. yesterday类; 2. last+时间名词类; 3. 时间段+ago类; 4. in/on+过去时间, 如in 2008; on May 1st, 2012等3. 一般将来时(1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。句式结构例句肯定句主语+will+动词原形(+其他). I will help you with your math. 我将帮助你们学数学。否定句主语+ wont+动词原形(+其他). She wont come. 她不会来了。一般疑问句Will+主语+动词原形(+其他)? Will you help us with our math? 你会帮助我们学数学吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+ will+主语+动词原形(+其他)? What will you do this afternoon? 今天下午你做什么? (2)表示计划、安排或打算要做的事。句式结构例句肯定句主语+be going to+动词原形(+其他). She is going to learn the piano this term. 这学期, 她打算学钢琴。否定句主语+be+ not going to+动词原形(+其他). She isnt going to learn the piano this term. 这学期, 她没有打算学钢琴。一般疑问句Be+主语+ going to+动词原形(+其他)? Is she going to learn the piano this term? 这学期她打算学钢琴吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+ be+主语+ going to+动词原形(+其他)? What is she going to learn this term? 这学期她打算学什么? 注意短暂性动词的现在进行时也可表示将来, 常用词有come, go, arrive, leave等。The bus is coming. 公交车来了。He is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 明天他将离开去上海。表示已有迹象表明即将发生某事, 用be going to。Look at the clouds. Its going to rain soon. Im afraid. 看那些云。恐怕很快要下雨。标志词1. tomorrow/ the day after tomorrow; 2. next +时间; 3. this+ 星期; 4. in/on +将来时间, 如in 2026; on May 1st 2025; 5. soon, right away等4. 现在进行时现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或存在的状态。句式结构例句肯定句主语+am/is/are+ doing+其他. Im enjoying music at the moment. 此时, 我正在欣赏音乐。否定句主语+am not/ isnt/arent+doing+其他. She isnt reading books now. 现在, 她没有看书。一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+ doing+其他? Are you playing games? 你正在玩游戏吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+be+主语+ doing+其他? What are you doing, Daming? 你正在做什么, 大明? 标志词1. now; 2. look, listen等提示语; 3. these days; 4. at present; 5. at the moment; 6. from three to five; 7. 上下文提示等5. 过去进行时过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作或存在的状态, 常和以下时间状语连用: then, at that moment, 过去时态的时间状语从句等。句式结构例句肯定句主语+ was/were+ doing(+其他). He was listening to the radio when his mother came back. 他妈妈回家时, 他正在听收音机。否定句主语+wasnt/werent+ doing(+其他). He was not listening to the radio then. 那时候他没有在听收音机。一般疑问句Was/ Were+主语+ doing( +其他)? Was he listening to the radio then? 那时候他在听收音机吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+ was/were+主语+doing(+其他)? What were you doing at that time? 那时候你正在做什么? 标志词at that time, then, at this time+过去的时间等, 如at this time last yearat+点钟+过去的时间, 如at five yesterday, when/while引导的表示过去时间的从句6. 现在完成时(温馨提示: 中考必考考点)现在完成时表示过去的一个动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 表示过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在, 还有可能继续下去。句式结构例句肯定句主语+have+PP(动词的过去分词)+其他. 第三人称单数主语+has+PP+其他. I have finished my homework. 我做完作业了。He has already seen the film. 他已经看过这部电影了。否定句主语+havent+PP+其他. 第三人称单数主语+ hasnt+PP+其他. I havent finished my homework. 我没有做完作业。He hasnt seen the film yet. 他还没有看过这部电影。一般疑问句Have+主语+PP+其他? Has+第三人称单数主语+PP+其他? Have you finished your homework? 你做完作业了吗? Has he seen the film yet? 他看过这部电影吗? 特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+ have+主语+PP+其他? 特殊疑问词+ has+第三人称单数主语+ PP+其他? What have you done? 你做了什么? What has he done? 他做了什么? 标志词ever, never, just, already, yet, in the past/last. . . years, so far, twice, for+时间段, since+时间点, since+过去时态的句子等续表句式结构例句辨析already与yet: already已经(用于肯定句, 放句中); yet还(用于否定句和疑问句, 放句尾)I have already read the book. 这本书我已经看过了。I havent read the book yet. 这本书我还没读过。Have you read the book yet? 你读过这本书吗? 现在完成时与一般过去时的区别: 现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态, 其结果的确和现在有联系; 动作或状态发生在过去, 但它的影响现在还存在。而一般过去时表示过去的事实, 不表示和现在的关系I have just been to London. I went there last month. 我刚去过伦敦, 是上个月去的。注意It has been+一段时间+since+一般过去时的句子It has been three years since I left Beijing. 我离开北京三年了。某些非延续性动词不能和表示一段时间的状语(for, since, how long)连用, 如come, go, arrive, leave, borrow, die, buy, join, begin, start, end等7. 延续性动词与非延续性动词延续性动词表示能够延续的动作, 可以与表示时间段的状语连用, 如learn, work, stand, sleep, live, stay等You can keep the book for 5 days. 这本书你能借五天。I have lived here since last year. 自从去年我就住在这里。非延续性动词也称终止性动词、瞬间动词, 表示不能延续的动作, 这种动作发生后立即结束, 不能与时间段连用, 如open, die, begin, finish, come, go, move, borrow, lend, join, buy等。如果要与时间段连用, 要转化为延续性动词He joined the Party 2 years ago. 他两年前入党。He has been in the Party for 2 years. / He has been a Party member for 2 years. 他入党两年了。中考常见的延续性动词与非延续性动词之间的转换leave be awaydiedbe deadfall illbe illget marriedbe marriedborrowkeepbuyhave finishbe overcome backbe backfall asleepbe asleepbecomebecome herebe hereopenbe openget to/arrive/reachbe inbegin/startbe onclosebe closedcatch a coldhave a coldjoinbe in+组织机构/be a member of +组织机构例如: 那位老人去世四年了。The old man died 4 years ago. / The old man has been dead for 4 years. 这本书我刚买了五天。I bought the book 5 days ago. /I have had the book for 5 days. (D)1. It has been ten years since we came here. How time flies! We _in China for so long.  A. workB. workedC. will workD. have worked(B)2. Were you at home at 9 oclock last night? Yes, I _a shower at that time.  A. tookB. was takingC. was takenD. am taking(A)3. I dont know if Sam _tomorrow.  Dont worry. I will tell you as soon as he _.  A. will come; comesB. comes; will comeC. will come; will comeD. comes; comes(A)4. May I speak to Mrs Smith? Sorry, she _the clothes.  A. is washingB. washesC. washD. washed(A)5. Wendy, how long have you had the new smartphone? A couple of days. I _it last week.  A. boughtB. buyC. will buyD. have bought(C)6. Amon _his ship in a big storm when a giant fish came out of the sea.  A. will sailB. is sailingC. was sailingD. has sailed(C)7. Students in Grade Nine _a math exam at this time yesterday.  A. takeB. are takingC. were takingD. have taken(B)8. Hurry up! One moment. I _my emails and then Im ready to go.  A. readB. am readingC. was readingD. have read(A)9. Ive never seen Mr Taylor before. Dont worry. I _him to you before the meeting.  A. will introduceB. introducedC. have introducedD. had introduced(B)10. I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where were you then? Oh, I _my pet dog in my yard.  A. walkedB. was walkingC. am walkingD. will walk (C)1. (2020·安徽中考)The air here is much fresher than before. Exactly! We _a lot of trees in the past few years.  A. plantedB. were plantingC. have plantedD. will plant(D)2. (2020·黔南州中考)While Xiao Ming _his homework, his mother came with a cup of tea.  A. has doingB. has doneC. is doingD. was doing(C) 3. (2020·黔南州中考)I have seen the film We Are All Fighters Against COVID-19. What about you, Peter? Oh. I _it last week.  A. have seenB. seeC. sawD. will see(B) 4. (2020·黔西南州中考)While Mike _computer games in his room, his dad came in.  A. is playingB. was playingC. will playD. plays(A) 5. (2020·黔西南州中考)Peter, have you ever been to the English Corner? Oh, yes. I _there to practice speaking once a week last term.  A. wentB. goC. have goneD. will go(C)6. (2020·泰州中考)Some primary and secondary schools _winter sports to their courses since Beijing won the right to host the 2022 Winter Olympic Games.  A. addedB. will addC. have addedD. were adding(B)7. (2020·遂宁中考) The new shirt looks good on you. When did you buy it? On July 7th. I _it for a week.  A. have boughtB. have hadC. boughtD. buy(B)8. (2020·遂宁中考)I wonder if Sally _us prepare for the party.  Im sure she will if she _time.  A. helps; will haveB. will help; hasC. will help; will haveD. helps; has(D)9. (2020·鄂州中考)What do you usually do in your spare time? I often go to our community library. It _for two years in order to encourage us to read more.  A. opensB. has openedC. has been openedD. has been open(B)10. (2021·凉山中考)Dont make noise! The children _online.  Sorry, I wont. A. studiesB. are studyingC. studiedD. were studying(D)11. (2021·大连中考)Lingling met her favourite presenter while she _the radio station.  A. visitsB. will visitC. is visitingD. was visiting(C)12. (2021·凉山中考)Your scarf is so beautiful! When did you buy it? On my 18th birthday. I _it for 6 years.  A. boughtB. will haveC. have hadD. have bought(B)13. (2021·凉山中考)I often see Peters father play basketball on my way to school. Thats not strange. Not only Peter but also his father _sports.  A. enjoyB. enjoys C. enjoyedD. was enjoyed (C)14. (2021·达州中考)Alice has gone out. Oh, has she? What time _she _?  A. has; goneB. will; goC. did; goD. is; going(D)15. (2021·江西中考)How do we turn on the oven? I _you, werent you listening?  A tellB. am tellingC. will tell D. have told语法选择Perhaps someone often asks what you are going to be when you grow up. As for me, I want to be a teacher. One of the 1 is that a teacher , Mr Chen, influences me most in my life.  “Look! Do you know what it is? Its the earth! 2 it always goes around the sun. ”Mr Chen said happily and then added, “Can you tell me the name of this mountain? Its the highest mountain on the earth! Whats the height of it? Yes. its 8848. 86 meters. . . ”Ill never forget my first geography lesson. He was 3 humorous and we all fell in love with his lessons quickly. Mr Chen has opened the door of geography 4 us since then.  Generally speaking, most of the teachers are strict with students in 5 work, so is Mr Chen. He is a lighthouse, showing us the way to the treasure of knowledge. He always encourages us 6 out aloud without considering too many difficulties. Besides this, he is always volunteering his time to students and other teachers.  One day I happened to meet him in the hospital. Seeing the pinhole on his arm, I realized he 7 his blood. I was deeply moved and 8 another lesson of love and devotion(奉献).  Every time I 9 my globe, itll remind me of Mr Chen. He is the 10 teacher I have ever met and I will remember him forever. Someday I hope I can be a teacher like him.  (A) 1. A. reasonsB. reasonC. problemD. problems(B) 2. A. SoB. AndC. ButD. Or(C) 3. A. easilyB. easyC. reallyD. real(D) 4. A. byB. toC. withD. for(C) 5. A. theyB. themC. theirD. theirs(A) 6. A. to speakB. speakingC. speakD. spoken(B) 7. A. donateB. was donatingC. donatedD. is donating(B) 8. A. teachB. was taughtC. taughtD. is taught(A) 9. A. seeB. will seeC. sawD. sees(D) 10. A. unforgettableB. more unforgettableC. much more unforgettableD. most unforgettable关闭Word文档返回原板块