初中语法中考习题含答案——句子成分、种类与结构.docx

初中语法中考习题含答案句子成分、种类与结构一、单项选择。1. Nancy, sweep the classroom， ?(四川宜宾)A. don't youB. do youC. will youD. doesn't she2. We have to finish the work now, ?(内蒙古呼和浩特)A. don't weB. haven't weC. have weD. do we3.-The news reported that the rainstorm was in the area last night.-Yes. bad weather it was!(四川凉山)A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How4.- do you go to the cinema?-Once a month.(北京)A. How longB. How farC. How oftenD. How much5. - ?-He is not very heavy and wears glasses.(内蒙古包头)A.What does Ron look likeB.What is RonC. What do you think of RonD. How is Ron6. clever the boy is!(湖南长沙)A. HowB. WhatC. What a7.Do you want to be healthy? Smiling can help you stay healthy.(河南)A.SmileB. SmilingC. To smileD. Smiled8. - is it from the village to your farm?-About 10 minutes' walk.(广东)A. How oftenB. How soonC. How longD. How far9. great picture! Who painted it?(河北)A. HowB. WhatC. How aD.What a10. -He didn't go to the concert yesterday,did he?-. He was busy studying for the tests all day.(湖北黄冈)A. No,he didn'tB. Yes,he didC. No, he didD. Yes,he didn't11. something wrong with my bike. Can I use yours?(河北)A. It isB. It wasC.There isD. There was12. -You haven't been to the West Lake, have you?-_. But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation.(广东)A. No,I haven'tB. No,I didn'tC. Yes,I haveD. Yes,I did13. -Don't copy others homework anymore!- ,Miss Smith.(四川广安)A. OK,I willB. Sorry,I won'tC. OK,I don't14.- keep water running when you are brushing your teeth or washing your hands, Jack.-OK. I know we must save every drop(滴) of water.(四川乐山)A. Why notB. PleaseC.Don't15. -You like listening to Sally's songs, don't you?- She has a sweet voice.(浙江绍兴)A. Yes,I doB. Yes, she doesC. No, I don'tD. No, she doesn't二、按要求变化下面的句子。每空一词。1. They went to Yunnan last summer.(就画线部分提问) they go to Yunnan?(重庆)2.Our school is beautiful.(改为感叹句) our school is!(贵州黔西南)3, Mark is watching TV now.(改为否定句)Mark TV now.(重庆)4. The teacher explained to us the puzzling problem yesterday afternoon.(改为一般疑问句)The teacher to you the puzzling problem yesterday afternoon?(甘肃白银)5. Cao Hua swims fastest in our group.(改为否定句)Cao Hua fastest in our group.(重庆)强化训练一、单项选择。1. He is not honest. believe him.A. NotB. Don'tC. To notD. Not to2. If you want to stay,let me know, ?A. will youB. shall weC. do youD. do we3. Never come late again, ?A.will youB. won't youC. do youD. does he4、 Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it, ?A. aren't theyB. isn't itC. is itD. are they5. lovely weather we are having these days!A.HowB.How anC. WhatD. What an6. information he offered us!We all thank him.A.What usefulB. What uselessC. How usefulD. How useless7. -You haven't ever been to Shanghai, have you?- .This is the first time.A. Yes,I haveB. Yes,I haven'tC. No,I haveD. No,I haven't8. - is your maths teacher? -The one in red.A.WhatB. WhereC. WhichD. How9.-The boy has to stay at home to look after his little sister, ? -Yes, because his mother has gone shopping.A. does heB. is heC. doesn't heD. hasn't heA.What10._cold it is today!B.HowC. What aD. How a二、在横线上写出下列句子中的画线部分所作的成分。1. We study in the First Middle School. 2. We have four lessons in the morning. 3. My sister often helps me. 4. Mary's school bag is on the desk. 5. We can see a map of China on the right wall. 6. Have you got a ticket for the film? 7. The sky is blue. 8. The shirt is Tom's. 详解详析真题再现一、单项选择。1.C题意:南希，打扫一下教室，好吗?陈述部分为肯定的祈使句的反意疑问句，附加问句用will you或won't you故选C。2.A 题意:我们必须现在完成工作，是吗?反意疑问句的陈述部分为肯定式，附加问句应用否定形式;陈述部分谓语为have to finish，故选A。3.C题意:“新闻报道说昨天晚上这一地区有暴风雨。”“是的，多么糟糕的天气啊!”感叹句的中心词是不可数名词weather，故用what引导。4.C题意:“你多久去看一次电影?”“一个月一次。”由答语可知问句询问频率，故选how often多久一次”。how long 询问时间或物体的长度;how far询问距离;how much 询问价钱或不可数名词的量。5.A题意:“罗恩长什么样?”“他不算很重，戴着眼镜。”由答语描述外貌可知选A项。B项意为“罗恩是做什么工作的”;C项意为“你觉得罗恩怎么样”;D项意为“罗恩好吗”。6.A题意:这个男孩多么聪明啊!感叹句的中心词为形容词clever，故应用“How+形容词(+主语+谓语)!”结构。7.A题意:你想健康吗?微笑吧。微笑有助于你保持健康。空格处表示建议,应该为祈使句，祈使句以动词原形开头，故选A。8.D题意:“从这个村庄到你的农场有多远?”“步行大约10分钟。”由“About 10 minutes walk”可知问句询问距离，故用how far“多远”。How often“多久一次”，询问频率;how soon“多久之后”，询问将来的时间段;how long“多长;多长时间”，询问物体或时间的长度。9D题意:多好的一幅画啊!谁画的?感叹句的中心词为可数名词单数picture，故用what a引导。10.A 题意:“他昨天没有去听音乐会，是不是?”“是的，他没去。他一整天都忙着为考试复习功课。”对于陈述部分为否定句的反意疑问句，要根据实际情况回答，结合本题中的“He was busy studying for the tests all day.”可知，本题应该用否定回答，但no 要译为“是的”。11.C题意:我的自行车出故障了。我能用你的吗?由题意可知是在谈论现在的事情，故排除B、D两项;There is something wrong with sth.意为“某物出故障，某物有毛病”，为固定用法。12.A题意:“你没去过西湖，对吗?”“是的，我没去过。不过这个暑假我会和父母一起去那里。”对反意疑问句作答时，应根据实际情况，由答语后一句可知，目前还没有去过西湖，应该用“No，主语+助动词+not”结构来回答，其中no译为“是的”;再由上一句中的完成时判断选A。13. B题意:“不要再抄别人的作业了!”“对不起，我不会了，史密斯老师。”回答祈使句的否定句用“Yes, I will. ”或“No，I won't.”;yes 译为“不”，no译为“是”。根据题意，此处应表示“不会了”，用sorry 语气更为礼貌。14C题意:“杰克，刷牙或洗手的时候不要让水一直流着。”“好的。我知道我们应该节约每一滴水。”why not意为“为什么不”，多用于给他人提出建议等，但用在此句中，句意与句子结构均不正确;用please构成肯定祈使句，用dont构成否定祈使句，根据语境可知用 dont。15.题意:“你喜欢听萨莉的歌,是不是?”“是的,我喜欢。她的声音很甜美。”根据问句的主语you及答语后一句可知选A。二、按要求变化下面的句子。每空一词。1. When did2. How beautiful3. isn't watching4. Did;explain5. doesn't swim强化训练 一、单项选择。1.B题意:他不诚实。别相信他。祈使句的否定形式通常在句首加 dont。2.A题意:如果你想留下来，让我知道，好吗?反意疑问句的陈述部分是以 let us 或 let me开头的祈使句，附加问句部分应用will you。3.A题意:不要再迟到了，好吗?反意疑问句的陈述部分是否定的祈使句，附加问句用will you 或can you 均可。4.c题意:如果你全心投入，没有什么事情是困难的，是吗?反意疑问句的陈述部分有表示否定意义的nothing,附加问句应该用肯定形式;代替nothing应用it。5C题意:这些天的天气真好啊!感叹句的中心词为不可数名词weather，故用What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!”结构。6.A题意:他提供给我们的信息好有用啊!我们都感谢他。感叹句的中心词为不可数名词information,故用“What+形容词+不可数名词(+主语+谓语)!”结构;由“We all thank him.”可知，useful“有用的”符合题意。7.D题意:“你从来没去过上海，是吗?”“是的，没去过。这是第一次。”反意疑问句的回答要根据事实情况，保持“Yes+肯定简略句”和“No+否定简略句”的一致。根据答语后一句可知选 D。8.c 题意:“哪一位是你的数学老师?”“穿红衣服的那个人。”根据答语“穿红衣服的那个人”可知，应用which“哪一个”来提问。9.C 题意:“这个男孩必须待在家照顾他的小妹妹，是吗?”“是的，因为他的妈妈去购物了。”反意疑问句的陈述部分为含有 has to的肯定句，附加问句用助动词does，且用否定形式，故选C。10.B 题意:今天好冷啊!感叹句的中心词为形容词cold，故用“How+形容词(+主语+谓语)!”结构，选B。二、在横线上写出下列句子中的画线部分所作的成分。1.谓语 2.定语 3.宾语 4.表语 5状语 6.定语 7.表语 8主语6