高考英语复习：写作技巧点拨系列(九).ppt

写作技巧点拨系列(九)解读图表信息,稳固构建图表作文【典例典例导练导练】在在社社会会经经济济快快速速发发展展、高高度度发发展展的的今今天天,人人们们的的物物质质生生活活丰丰富富多多彩彩,但但是是精精神神生生活活却却存存在在着着很很多多的的问问题题,也也由由此此产产生生了了人人们们对对“幸幸福福感感”的的不不同同看看法法。假假设设上上周周末末你你校校对对2 000名名学学生生就就“幸福感幸福感”的看法的看法进进行了行了调查调查。请请根据以下数据写一篇文章。根据以下数据写一篇文章。比例比例“幸福感幸福感”的来源的来源60%从父母或从父母或亲亲友的友的爱爱、从温暖的家庭生活中感受到、从温暖的家庭生活中感受到幸福幸福20%从助人、捐从助人、捐赠赠、义卖义卖中感受到幸福中感受到幸福10%从友情中感受到幸福从友情中感受到幸福10%异于上述情况异于上述情况,从不同角度从不同角度讲讲述自己的幸福感述自己的幸福感结论结论:调查调查情况反映出学生情况反映出学生们们是是热爱热爱生活的生活的,但是同但是同时时也反也反映了他映了他们们的生活的生活经历经历有限、有限、视视野不野不够够开开阔阔注注意意:1.要要包包括括以以下下内内容容:(1)调调查查时时间间、调调查查问问题题以以及及调调查查对对象象;(2)数据的解数据的解读读;(3)总总体体评评价。价。2.可以适当增加可以适当增加细节细节,以使行文以使行文连贯连贯。【写作指写作指导导】.常用句式和高常用句式和高级词汇级词汇 第第一一段段:开开门门见见山山,点点明明图图表表要要反反映映的的主主题题。经经常常使使用用的的词词汇汇有有:table,chart,figure;describe,tell,show,represent等等。经经常常用用到到的的句句型型有有:As is shown in the graph./As is shown in the table./It can be seen from the table that.It can be concluded from the graph that./Compared with./According to the survey,about.第第二二段段:中中间间段段落落对对图图表表的的内内容容进进行行分分析析,可可采采用用分分类类或或对对比比来来表表现现主主题题,并并阐阐明明必必要要的的理理由由。在在叙叙述述中中要要注注意意,切切忌忌反反复复使使用用同同一一句句型型,忌忌反反复复出出现现图图表表中中的的数数据据,因因为为这这样样会会使使你你的的文文章章显显得得毫毫无无生生气气。要要注注意意改改换换叙叙述述的的句句式式,注注意意使使用用不不同同的的词词语语及及句句式式。在在描描述述图图表表中中的的变变化化与与发发展展趋趋势势时时常常用用的的短短语语和句型有和句型有:快快速速上上升升:rise;increase;go up;sharply;rapidly;quickly;dramatically 缓缓慢慢下下降降:decrease;reduce;come down;decline;drop;fall slowly/gradually 描述数据的描述数据的时时候可以用到下面候可以用到下面这这些表达或些表达或词汇词汇:转转折折:while;but;on the contrary;however 比比较较:compared with/to 对对比比:in contrast to;different from;difference between 类类似似:similar to;as/the same.as;递进递进:more than;less than 第第三三段段:结结尾尾对对全全文文进进行行小小结结,经经常常使使用用的的词词语语及及句句式式有有:in a word;in short;generally speaking;Its clear from the.that.;Based on the description above,we can safely draw the conclusion that.黄金模板黄金模板 As is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart),(作文作文题题目的主目的主题题)has been on rise/decrease(goes up/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing fromintoin.From the sharp/marked decline/rise in the chart,it goes without saying that(描写描写趋势趋势).There are at least two good reasons accounting for.(给给出原因出原因)On the one hand,on the other hand,_is due to the fact that.In addition,is responsible for.Maybe there are some other reasons to show.But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned,I hold the point of view that./In a word/Generally speaking,(总结总结/得出得出结论结论).【审题谋审题谋篇篇】信息全而不漏信息全而不漏【佳句佳句锤炼锤炼】词词句精而高句精而高级级1.60%的学生从父母或的学生从父母或亲亲友的友的爱爱以及从温暖的家庭生活中感以及从温暖的家庭生活中感受到幸福。受到幸福。(一般表达一般表达)Sixty percent of the students feel happy.They have the love from their parents and relatives,and also from the warmth of families.(系表系表结结构构+并列并列连词连词)Sixty percent of the students _ the love from their parents and relatives _ from the warmth of families.feel happywithas well as2.20%的学生的学生认为认为他他们们很高很高兴兴去帮助他人去帮助他人,捐献捐献给给需要物品的需要物品的人人东东西或参加西或参加义卖义卖活活动动。(一般表达一般表达)Twenty percent of the students think they are happy to help others,donate something to people who are in need or take part in a voluntary selling.(省略句省略句+宾语宾语从句从句+介介词词短短语语作定作定语语+现现在分在分词词作定作定语语)Twenty percent think they _help others,donate something to people _or take part in a voluntary _.are pleased toin needselling3.除了以上除了以上这这些方面些方面,其他学生也描述了不同方面的幸福。其他学生也描述了不同方面的幸福。(一般表达一般表达)Besides,the rest of the students talk about their happiness from different aspects.(高高级词汇级词汇)_,the rest of the students _ their happiness from different aspects.(高高级词汇级词汇)_,_ their happiness from different aspects.Apart from the abovedescribeIn addition the rest describe4.基于基于这这些数据些数据,可以得出可以得出结论结论:我我们们的学生的学生对对生活充生活充满爱满爱,但但他他们们的生活的生活经历经历是有限的是有限的,他他们们的的视视野需要被拓野需要被拓宽宽。(一般表达一般表达)As it is based on the statistics,we can draw a conclusion.Our students have deep love for life.Their life experience is limited,so their horizons need to be broadened.(过过去分去分词词短短语语+被被动语态动语态+同位同位语语从句从句+并列句并列句)_,_,but their life experience is limited,so their horizons need to be broadened.Based on thestatisticsa conclusion can be drawn that our students havedeep love for life【连连句成篇句成篇】过过渡巧而自然渡巧而自然 Last weekend,a survey about“The feeling of happiness”was carried out among the 2,000 students of our school.Sixty percent of the students feel happy with the love from their parents and relatives as well as from the warmth of families.Twenty percent think they are pleased to help others,donate something to people in need or take part in a voluntary selling.Among ten percent of them think friendship gives them much delight.Apart from the above,the rest of the students describe their happiness from different aspects.Based on the statistics,a conclusion can be drawn that our students have deep love for life,but their life experience is limited so their horizons need to be broadened.【命题专家如是说命题专家如是说】图图表表类类作文解作文解题题关关键键 图图表表类类作作文文一一般般是是在在图图、表表中中给给出出一一定定的的内内容容和和情情景景,要要求求考考生生根根据据图图表表信信息息,准准确确、客客观观地地反反映映图图表表内内容容,并并加加以以分分析析,进进而而得得出出结结论论,旨旨在在考考查查学学生生从从图图表表材材料料中中获获取取信信息息,并并转转换换成文字信息的能力。成文字信息的能力。1.仔仔细细研研读读图图表表。认认清清图图表表中中的的数数字字、线线条条、阴阴影影等等部部分分的的变变化化趋趋势势和和走走向向,抓抓住住其其主主要要特特点点,根根据据图图表表所所显显示示的的中中心心信信息确定主息确定主题题、内容、内容层层次以及主次以及主题题句。句。2.确确定定主主题题段段落落。分分析析重重组组信信息息,根根据据信信息息的的不不同同性性质质确确定定具具体体段段落落,列列出出各各段段的的主主题题句句。对对所所给给信信息息的的转转述述要要使使用用不不同同的的表表达达方方法法,反反映映在在文文章章中中也也就就是是要要使使用用不不同同的的词词、词词组组、句句型型等。等。3.深深化化阐阐释释主主题题。末末段段通通常常用用于于深深化化主主题题,对对全全文文进进行行总总结结,发发表表个个人人看看法法。写写此此段段时时要要注注意意结结论论的的客客观观性性、看看法法的的合合理理性性,不可妄加不可妄加评评断。断。