高三语法总复习课件：形容词&副词（陈秀清编写）（135页）.ppt

玩转形副玩转形副高考命题方向高考命题方向1.形容词和副词的基本用形容词和副词的基本用法法;2.级的表达方式；级的表达方式；3.几种特殊结构；几种特殊结构；4.词义辨析词义辨析。1.11.1 作表语作表语放放系动词系动词后后1 1 形容词形容词1 1）以）以a a开开头头的形容的形容词词Youare+a=inAsleep=insleepafraidasleepawakealoneashamedawarealivealike害怕的害怕的睡着的睡着的醒着的醒着的单独的单独的羞愧的羞愧的有意识的有意识的活着的活着的相似的相似的Dont be of it.Now the man is .He was not in the room.However,he is not .afraidasleepaloneashamed1.请填入表语形容词请填入表语形容词Therumor_(证明证明)true.Mymotheralwaysgetsabit_(焦虑焦虑)ifwedontarrivewhenwesaywewill.Itisbelievedthatifabookis_,itwill_surelythereader.(有有趣趣)proved/turn outanxiousinterestinginterest2.改错改错 an child an girl an poet asleepashamedalivesleepingshyliving2）表身体健康状况的形容词ill/well/unwell/fit/faint头头晕晕模糊的想法模糊的想法ill luck ill health ill news faint hopefaint idea不幸不幸不健康不健康坏消息坏消息一线希望一线希望You are+注意注意：做定：做定语意思变语意思变ill:坏的坏的;邪恶的邪恶的区别区别sick/illsick生病的；恶心的；厌倦的生病的；恶心的；厌倦的生病的；恶心的；厌倦的生病的；恶心的；厌倦的+nBe（系动词）（系动词）+ill生病的；生病的；生病的；生病的；有病的有病的有病的有病的sickShe is looking after her _ father.feel sick/fall ill(fell fallen)sickA man The She is in bed.sicksicksick/ill用用sick和和ill填空填空1.21.2作定语作定语后置定语后置定语前置定语前置定语前置定语前置定语 顺序顺序典型例题典型例题:1）Tony is going camping with _ boys.A.little two other B.two little other C.two other little D.little other twoC县长行新令射国材用县长行新令射国材用adj.+n.2)Onedaytheycrossedthe_bridgebehindthepalace.A.oldChinesestoneB.ChineseoldstoneC.oldstoneChineseD.ChinesestoneoldA新旧国籍材料those+three+beautiful+small+roundnew+brown+Chinese+wood+writingtables（冠词，数词）（冠词，数词）1.Thehousesmellsasifithasntbeenlivedinforyears.A.LittlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenwhiteC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle2.Studentsarerequiredtotakepartintheboatrace.A.TenstrongyoungChineseB.TenChinesestrongyoungC.ChinesetenyoungstrongD.YoungstrongtenChineseAAa tall gray buildinga dirty old brown shirta famous German medical schoolan expensive Japanese sports car翻译练习翻译练习一件脏旧的棕色衬衫一件脏旧的棕色衬衫一座高大一座高大 的灰色建筑物的灰色建筑物德国一所著名的医学院德国一所著名的医学院日本一台很贵的运动车日本一台很贵的运动车组合组合adj.=数词数词-单数量词单数量词-adj篮球运动员篮球运动员(hoop铁环铁环)Yaois2.26meterstall.Yaoisa2.26-meter-tallhoopster.不定代词+adj.something someone somebody anybody anyone anything nobody Nothingeverything everybody everyone后置定语后置定语anyone fatHave you ever met?胖的人胖的人He did to lose weight.一切都可能的事一切都可能的事everything possiblesomething wrongThere is with her health.某些问题某些问题1.3作状语和补语作状语和补语Messi fell down to the ground helpless.结构：结构：主主+vi.+adj.（状语）（状语）Messi stood up,happy.Messi stood up happily1.3作状语作状语和和补语补语We found Messi helpless.结构：主+vt.+宾+adj.（补语）We believe Messi strong.类似动词：类似动词：consider，like，prefer,以及以及 get,make,push,paint,drive,set等动态动词等动态动词Hewentbackhome,safeandsound.Everyonewasborn_(平等平等)._(失望失望)athisgrades,helostheart.Herantotheairport_(匆忙匆忙),_(又饿又渴又饿又渴).5.the+adj.表示一类人表示一类人Therich_notalwayshappywhilethepoorhavetheirownhappiness.equalDisappointedhurriedlyhungry and thirstyare你真让我抓狂。你真让我抓狂。我更喜欢诚实的你我更喜欢诚实的你我会令你幸福我会令你幸福我会还你的自由我会还你的自由You get/make/drive me crazy.I prefer you honest.I will make/get you happy.I will set you free.1.4词义辨析词义辨析好；良好好；良好身体好身体好 good wellGood job!干得漂亮！干得漂亮！I dont feel very well.我今天感觉身体不我今天感觉身体不太舒服。太舒服。(05黄冈黄冈)-I think our chemistry teacher is working hard.He teaches us _.-Yes,but he hasnt come today.He doesnt feel .A.good;well B.good;good C.well;good D.well;well副词副词形容词形容词1.4词义辨析词义辨析身体好（短暂）身体好（短暂）健康的（长期）健康的（长期）well healthyAre you feeling well?你身体好吗你身体好吗?Gaga looks healthy.佳佳看起来很健康。佳佳看起来很健康。1.4词义辨析词义辨析 单独；独自单独；独自孤独地孤独地 alone lonelyGaga is alone!佳佳独自一人。佳佳独自一人。Gaga is not lonely!佳佳并不孤独。佳佳并不孤独。Being lonely is with self-excitement and excitement is with a group of peoples being alone.寂寞是一个人的狂欢，狂欢是一寂寞是一个人的狂欢，狂欢是一群人的孤单。群人的孤单。2 2 副词副词2.12.1分类分类1 1时间和频度副词时间和频度副词 2 2地点副词地点副词 3 3方式副词方式副词 4 4程度副词程度副词5 5疑问副词疑问副词6 6连接副词连接副词7 7关系副词关系副词1、时间和频度副词:now,then,early,today,lately,finally,shortly,before,ago，soon,next,last,already,often,always,usually,generally,frequently,seldom,ever,never,yet,immediately,hardly,sometimes2、地点副词:here,there,everywhere,anywhere,home,upstairs,downstairs（介词）in,out,inside,outside,above,below,down,back,forward,across,along,round,around,near,off,past,up,away,on.3、方式副词、方式副词:carefully,properly,anxiously,suddenly,normally,fast,well,calmly,politely,proudly,softly,warmly4、程度副词，放在被修饰词之前程度副词，放在被修饰词之前:much,little,very,rather,so,too,still,quite,enough,perfectly,extremely,entirely,almost,slightly.5、疑问副词，一般放在句疑问副词，一般放在句首：首：how,when,where,why.6、关系副词，一般放在句、关系副词，一般放在句首：首：when,where,why.7、连接副词、连接副词:how,when,where,why,whether.1.Theperformerwaswavinghisstickinthestreetandit_(勉强勉强)missedthechildstandingnearby.2._(幸运幸运)shewasrescuedbyamiddle-agedman.3.Itis_(一般一般)believedthatteachingisasmuchanartasitisascience.narrowlyLuckily/Fortunatelygenerally2.2词义辨析词义辨析-形近异义形近异义努力地努力地几乎不几乎不hardhardlyHardly anyone works harder than I.Hardly does anyone work harder than I.2.2词义辨析词义辨析-形近异义形近异义接近，紧密接近，紧密仔细地、细心地仔细地、细心地closecloselyCome ，I want to tell you something靠近点，我有点事要告诉你。靠近点，我有点事要告诉你。He is sitting to me.他就坐在我边上。他就坐在我边上。Watch him .盯着他。盯着他。closecloselycloser2.2词义辨析词义辨析-形近异义形近异义的确；完全的确；完全致命地致命地deaddeadlyThe man lay on the ground，drunk那个人躺在地上，喝得烂醉。那个人躺在地上，喝得烂醉。On hearing the terrible news，his face went _ pale一听到那可怕的消息，他的脸色变得一听到那可怕的消息，他的脸色变得像死人一样苍白。像死人一样苍白。deadlydead2.2词义辨析词义辨析-形近异义形近异义深深深深地深深地(修饰修饰adj./v)deepdeeplyThey felt grateful to the teacher他们对那位老师感激万分。他们对那位老师感激万分。He pushed the stick into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。他把棍子深深插进泥里。Even father was moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。老爸也被电影深深打动了。deeplydeepdeeply2.2词义辨析词义辨析-形近异义形近异义晚晚最近最近latelatelyYou have come too .你来得太晚了。你来得太晚了。What have you been doing?近来好吗？近来好吗？latelately2.2词义辨析词义辨析-形近异义形近异义（空间）宽度（空间）宽度（程度）广泛地（程度）广泛地wide widely（空间）高度（空间）高度（程度）高度地（程度）高度地high highlyThe plane was flying .这架飞机飞得很高。I think of your opinion.你的看法很有道理。He opened the door .他把门开得大大的。English is used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。He is _awake.highhighlywidewidely 高度赞扬wide2.2词义辨析词义辨析-形近异义形近异义免费免费无限制地无限制地 free freelyYou can eat in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候，我这饭铺免费对你开放。无论什么时候，我这饭铺免费对你开放。You may speak ;say what you like.你可以畅所欲言，想说你可以畅所欲言，想说什么就说什么什么就说什么 freefreely2.兼有两种形式的副词兼有两种形式的副词1).close“接接近近地地”-closely“仔细地密切地仔细地密切地”2).late晚晚-lately最近最近3).deep“深深”-deeply“深深地深深地”4).high“高高”-highly“高度地；非常地高度地；非常地”5).wide“宽宽”-widely“广泛地广泛地”，“在许多地方在许多地方”6).free“免费免费”-freely无限制地无限制地7).large大大量地量地;-largely主要地主要地8).near邻近地邻近地-nearly几乎，差不多几乎，差不多9).loud大声地大声地-loudly大声地（喧闹地）大声地（喧闹地）10).hard努力地努力地-hardly几乎不几乎不11).most极，非常极，非常-mostly主要地主要地2.2词义辨析词义辨析-异形近义异形近义修饰adj./adv.修饰 V./-ed形容词 very very much修饰 adj./adv.比较/最高级 much很！You are very smart!Thank you very much!I am feeling much better!You must be very much excited to hear that!You are very smart!Thank you very much!I am feeling much better!You must be very much excited to hear that!2.2词义辨析词义辨析-异形近义异形近义放被修饰词前放被修饰词前句尾；口语中句尾；口语中 also too/as well逗号隔开；句尾；否定句逗号隔开；句尾；否定句 either也也Can I come?I was not invited,.They call me“the country singer”.too/as welleitheralso=adj.太多的=adv.极其/太 too muchmuch too太Their walk is much too long and takes too much time.Their walk is much too long and takes too much time.句型：“如此以致于”too+adj/adv(for sb.)+to do=adj/adv+enough(for sb.)+to doLife is too short to waste.Life is so short that we cant waste it.Life is not long enough to waste.人生短暂，不容虚度。人生短暂，不容虚度。1.规则变化规则变化-er/est直接加改y为i双写-more/most多音节需双写需双写特殊特殊more/most+fit 健康的健康的more/most+clever聪明的聪明的clever-cleverer-cleverestbig-bigger-biggesthot-hotter-hottestflat-flatter-flattest平的平的2.不规则变化不规则变化原级原级比较级比较级最高级最高级goodbetterbestwell（健康的）（健康的）worseworstbadill（有病的）（有病的）oldolder/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many moremostlittlelessleastfar 远的远的farther/further farthest/furthest3.适用句型适用句型3.1原级原级3.2比较级比较级3.3最高级最高级3.1原级原级as asnot so/1）adj./adv.2）many3）much 1）n.性性 2）主谓）主谓He study as hard as his brother.He doesnt study so hard as his brother.Youve made as many mistakes as I have.I havent got as much money as I thought.（+a/an+单数单数n.或或+不可数不可数n.）(+可数可数n.)(+不可数不可数n.)I am as as her mother.good a cook gooda good cook注意：第一个注意：第一个as后只能跟后只能跟adj./adv./my father is.as+形容词形容词+as+数量词数量词=数量词数量词+形容词形容词多大；高达；长多大；高达；长达达The building is as tall as 100 meters.=the building is 100 meters tall.与“as+adj.+as”相关的短语As long asAs well asAs soon as possibleAs far as I know只要只要也也尽快尽快据我所知据我所知3.用来修饰比较级的用来修饰比较级的副词副词四四a：alot；alittle；abit；agreatdeal三多：三多：much；far；any三程度：三程度：still；even；ratherHeworksevenharderthanbefore。4.语境语境中考察比较级中考察比较级-_dowehavetogo?-Justonemoremile.A.HowfarB.HowfartherBItis_tospendmoneyonpreventingillnessesbypromotinghealthylivingratherthanspendingontryingtomakepeople_aftertheyareill.A.goodgoodB.wellbetterC.betterbetterD.bettergoodC3.比较级的几个句子结构比较级的几个句子结构1)the+比较级比较级.,the+比较级比较级.越越.越越.Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyoullmake.Themorecarefulyouare,thefewermistakesyoullmake.2)比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级越来越越来越.Itsgettingcolderandcolder.Thecityisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.3)the+比较级比较级+ofthetwo+n.（四（四1.两者中较两者中较.Heisthetallerofthetwoboys.4)否定词否定词+比较级比较级=最高级最高级(国国3.浙浙5四四2)Ihaveneverheardabettervoice.=thisisthebestvoiceIhaveheard.5)no+比较级比较级+than和和.一样都不一样都不.=neither.nor.Imnoricherthanyou.Thisstoryisnomoreinterestingthanthatone.=Neitherthisstorynorthatoneisinteresting。Therearenomorethan15eggsinthebasket.只不过只不过/仅仅仅仅4.倍数表达法倍数表达法:（国（国8.）倍数倍数+比较级比较级+than倍数倍数+as.as.倍数倍数+the(size/length/width/depth)of这个房间比那个大两倍这个房间比那个大两倍.Theroomistwicebiggerthanthatone.Theroomisthreetimesasbigasthatone.Theroomisthreetimesthesizeofthatone.Tenyearsagothepopulationofourvillagewasthatoftheirs.A.astwicelargeasB.twiceaslargeasC.twiceasmuchasD.astwicemuchasB三：几种特殊结构三：几种特殊结构1.morethan与其说与其说不如说不如说与其说他笨倒不如说他懒与其说他笨倒不如说他懒.Heismorelazythanstupid.Heismoreanartistthanateacher.2.notsomuchAasB.不是不是A而是而是BHeisnotsomuchanovelistasateacher.Itwasnotsomuchhistalentashislazinessthatresultedinhisfailure.3.cant/never/hardlytoo/enough（北（北7）再再也不为过也不为过;越越越好越好.Whencrossingtheroad,youcantbetoocareful.Whencrossingtheroad,youcantbecarefulenough.Youcanneverworkhardenough.4.muchtoo+adj.（国（国13.）toomuch+n.Tomismuchtooclever.Ihaveeatentoomuch(food).5.though放在句尾表转折含义为放在句尾表转折含义为”然而然而”（江（江苏苏5山东山东2）-Haveyougotacold?-Yes;Nothingserious,though./-Yes;However,nothingserious.6.AistoBwhatCistoD.Airistomanwhatwateristofish.四：某些形容词和副词的辨析：四：某些形容词和副词的辨析：1.nearly接近地，差不多地接近地，差不多地;hardly几乎不，简直不几乎不，简直不;narrowly仅仅；勉强地；仅仅；勉强地；Thatcarnearlyranoveradog.(没辗上没辗上)Wehardlyhavetimetolistentomusic.(没时间没时间)Inarrowlyescapeddrowning.(没淹死没淹死)Imustbegettingfat.Ican_domytrousersup.Theperformerwaswavinghisstickinthestreetandit_missedthechildstandingnearby.Thefinalscoreofthebasketballmatchwas93-94.Wewereonly_beaten.hardlynarrowlynarrowly2.therefore因此，因而，所以因此，因而，所以however然而，但是然而，但是（逗号隔开）（逗号隔开）otherwise否则，不然否则，不然besides(副词副词)而且，再者；更而且，再者；更Heworkeddayandnight，andthereforehewasabletobuythesportscar.Certainlyheapologized.However,Iwontforgivehim.Workhard,otherwiseyoullbesorry.Itstoolatetogooutnow.Besides,itsbeginningtorain.1.Thehurricanedamagedmanyhousesandbusinessbuildings;_,itcaused20deaths.2.Progresssofarhasbeenverygood._,wearesurethattheprojectwillbecompletedontime.3.Pleasedoitnow,_itwillbetoolate.BesidesThereforeotherwisequite steady permanent transparent Besides particular optional Thankfully occasionally sharp 3.2比较级比较级1.比较级比较级+than比较对象比较对象否定：否定：Lessthan或或 not so/as as（a/an+单数名单数名词词不可数名词不可数名词/复数复数名词）名词）n.You are more/less important than me.You are not as important as I.a manteachers2.比较级比较级 and 比较级比较级=越来越越来越The happier you are,the healthier you will be.“the”=连词连词“the”=连词连词The+比较级比较级 +主谓主谓，the+比较级比较级+主主谓谓=越越,就越就越You are more and more clever.=副词副词3.数词数词+more=“再来几个再来几个”One more,please.再来一杯再来一杯/瓶。瓶。not more than+数词数词=“不超不超过过”no more than+数词数词=“仅仅仅仅”Not more than two,please.最最多两杯多两杯/瓶。瓶。No more than two,please.就就两瓶就够了！两瓶就够了！4.no+adj.比较级比较级+than=as+反义词反义词+as相反意义相反意义You are no cleverer than me.=You are as stupid as me.你和我一样笨。你和我一样笨。5.not+adj.比较级比较级+than=“不比不比”You are not cleverer than me.你不比我聪明。你不比我聪明。-Hi,Tom.Is your brother as active as you?-No,hes a quiet boy.He is_.A.less outgoing than me B.not so calm as I C.more active than I D.as outgoing as I 3.3最高级最高级1）The +adj./adv.最高级最高级+比较范比较范围围介词介词+限定词限定词+名词名词in the world of the three boys2）比较级）比较级+than+any other+单数单数名词名词the other 复数名词复数名词anyone/anything else 1.朗读下列句子朗读下列句子,看看形容词可作哪些成分。看看形容词可作哪些成分。Abraham Lincoln was a self-made man.林肯是一个自学成才的人。林肯是一个自学成才的人。He is unwell.He fells faint.他身体不舒服他身体不舒服,感到头晕。感到头晕。熟读深思熟读深思 定语定语表语表语 Martin found the work slightly dull.马丁发现这工作稍稍有点枯燥。马丁发现这工作稍稍有点枯燥。I have something important to tell you.我有重要的事情要告诉你。我有重要的事情要告诉你。宾补宾补后置定语后置定语2.副词在句中作状语副词在句中作状语,看看可修饰看看可修饰哪些词。哪些词。He said quite positively that he would come.他很肯定地说他会来。他很肯定地说他会来。修饰动词修饰动词 Its simply wonderful to see you！看！看到你真太好了！到你真太好了！I heard pretty clearly then.我当时听我当时听得相当清楚。得相当清楚。修饰形容词修饰形容词修饰另一副词修饰另一副词 Your coat is just behind the door.你你的上衣正好在门后面。的上衣正好在门后面。Frankly,I am not satisfied with your work.坦白说坦白说,我对你的工作不满意。我对你的工作不满意。修饰句子修饰句子修饰介词短语修饰介词短语1.形容词是作定语、表语、补语的典型词形容词是作定语、表语、补语的典型词类。因此，在做语法填空时，若句子缺定类。因此，在做语法填空时，若句子缺定语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形容词。语、表语或补语，要首先想到用形容词。2.副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词在句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词、副词、介词短语或整个句子。副词、介词短语或整个句子。归纳总结归纳总结3.形容词和副词的比较等级的常用句型：形容词和副词的比较等级的常用句型：表示相等：表示相等：as+原级原级+as 表示不如：表示不如：not as/so+原级原级+as less+原原+than 表示超过：表示超过：比较级比较级+than 表示表示“最最”：the+最高级最高级+of/in短语短语(表示范围表示范围)表示表示“越越越越”:the+比较级比较级,the+比较级比较级 表示表示“越来越越来越”：比较级比较级+and+比较级比较级 表示表示“与其与其不如不如”:more.than.1.In that school,English is _(compel)for all students but French and Russian are optional.形容词作表语。形容词作表语。compulsory意为意为“强制的强制的”。2.Ive been writing this report _(occasion)for the last two weeks,but it has to be handed in tomorrow.2.副词作状语修饰动词副词作状语修饰动词write。灵活运用灵活运用compulsoryoccasionally 3.Mr.Stevenson is great to work forI really couldnt ask for a _(good)boss.根据句意可知用比较级。句意为根据句意可知用比较级。句意为“我真的我真的再也找不到比这个更好的老板了再也找不到比这个更好的老板了”。4.His teacher took a deep drink,smiled _(warm),and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.修饰动词修饰动词smiled,作状语作状语,用副词。用副词。betterwarmly5.The teacher replied,“You tasted the water.I tasted the gift.The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be _(sweet).”意思是意思是“什么也不会比这更甜什么也不会比这更甜”即即“这这是世界上最甜的东西是世界上最甜的东西”。sweeter6.He was very tired after doing this for a whole day,but he felt very happy since the crop did“grow”_(high).指比他指比他pluck up a few inches之前之前“长长”得得“更高更高”了了,是省略了是省略了than before的隐性比较级。的隐性比较级。higher7.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _(nature)course.在名词在名词course前作定语前作定语,用形容词。用形容词。8.we drank together and talked _(merry)till far into the night.修饰动词修饰动词talked作状语作状语,用副词形式。用副词形式。naturalmerrily9.one of the _(bad)gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher,Ms Chen.由由I ever made可知可知,用用bad的最高级。的最高级。10.Games are often _(excite)and dramatic,but they generally arent very intellectual.指事物指事物(比赛比赛)“令人兴奋的令人兴奋的”。worstexciting11.Seated in a comfortable chair,listening to the peaceful music,youll be brought into a _(relax)state of mind.作定语要用形容词作定语要用形容词,表示人感到轻松的表示人感到轻松的,用用-ed形式的形容词形式的形容词,意为意为“放松的心情放松的心情”。relaxed12.How much is a dish of plain ice cream？”he asked.Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit _(patience).“Thirty five cents”,she said _(rude).前空是在系动词前空是在系动词grew后作表语后作表语,用形容词用形容词;后后空修饰动词空修饰动词said,用副词。用副词。impatientrudely When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport,workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes 1 _contained clothing.No one could account for the fa