高考英语人教版一轮复习课件：语法专题复习 专题7 .ppt

语法专题复习语法专题复习第二部分专题七并列句和状语从句专题七并列句和状语从句一、并列句一、并列句二、状语从句1(2016全国)In much of Asia,especially the socalled“rice bowl”cultures of China,Japan,Korea,_Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.解析：China，Japan，Korea和Vietnam之间是并列关系，故用and连接，and真题试做 一、并列句2(2015广东卷)One day,the cow was eating grass _it began to rain heavily.解析：句意：一天，这头奶牛正在吃草，突然下起了大雨。be doing sth.when是固定结构，意为“正在做某事这时”，when是并列连词，意为“这时”。3(2014全国)But the river wasnt changed in a few days _even a few months.解析：句意：但是河流不是几天甚至几个月就改变了的。根据but及句意判断，此处要填一个表示递进含义的词，故用or。or even“甚至”。whenor4(2014辽宁卷)It asks you to act like water;to be flexible as well _ strong.解析：句意：它要求你表现得像水一样；柔韧又坚强。as well as“以及；和”，是固定短语，用来连接两个并列成分，作用相当于and。5(2014广东卷)Our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week,_for the week after.解析：句意：我们的房间预订的不是那一周，而是后一周。根据前面的not判断，本空填but；not.but.“不是而是”。asbut1(2016全国)Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking._解析：本句为肯定句，fresh vegetables和high quality oil是并列关系，应用and连接。orand2(2016全国)If we stay at home,it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money._解析：句意：如果我们待在家里，很舒服而且也没必要花钱。“it is comfortable和there is no need to spend money”之间是并列关系，而非转折关系，故将but改为and。3(2016四川卷)Mom has a fulltime job,so she has to do most of the housework._解析：句意：妈妈有全职工作，但她不得不做大部分家务活。前后两句是转折而非因果关系，故用转折连词but。butandsobut并列连词是高考考查的重点，考生要熟练掌握常考并列连词的用法。1and表示顺承以及并列关系，还可以用于固定句式：“祈使句and陈述句”。2but表示转折关系，不能和although连用。考点一并列连词核心突破3so为表示因果关系的连词一般前一句多为后面句子存在的原因，so引导的句子为结果，so不能和表示原因的从属连词because连用。4or“或者”为表示选择关系的连词，or还可意为“否则”，可用于句型：“祈使句or陈述句”。5利用连词词组both.and.；neither.nor.；not only.but also.；either.or.；not.but.特殊搭配解题。when和while可作并列连词。when表示“在那时，此时突然”；while表示“然而，而”，表对比或转折关系。并列连词when常用于以下句型中：(1).was/were doing.when.(正在做突然)(2).was/were about to do.when.(刚要做突然)(3).was/were on the point of doing.when.(刚要做突然)(4).had just done.when.(刚/一就)The children were playing when they heard the sound of a motorbike.He is strong while his brother is weak.考点二when/while用作并列连词单句填空/单句改错1Arrive late once more,_youll be fired.解析：前后两句为顺承关系，故用and。2He is a shy man,_he is not afraid of anything or anyone.解析：前后两句为转折关系，故用but。andbut3Though a little poor,but he lives a happy life._解析：but不能与though连用。4Tom was about to close the window while his attention was caught by a boy._解析：be doing sth.when.“正在做这时”。5People used to communicate with each other through letters and public phones.So nowadays they use mobile phones and the Internet instead._解析：前后句之间是逻辑上的转折关系，故用but。去掉butwhilewhenSoBut1(2016全国)Over time,_the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.解析：句意：随着时间的推移，当人口增长的时候，人们开始把食物切成小块，因此食物就熟得更快了。根据句子结构和逻辑关系可知，前半句是时间状语从句，因此填as/when，意为“当时候”。as/when真题试做 二、状语从句2(2014辽宁卷)Unbelievable!Oh.,_you dont mind,Ill stop and take a deep breath.解析：句意：难以置信！噢，如果你不介意，我要停下来深吸一口气了。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导条件状语从句，所以应用if。if1(2015陕西卷)My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up._解析：句意：我唯一的错误是当我打包的时候掉在地上了一些。根据句意可知将after改为when/while。2(2014全国)Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems._解析：英语中although是连词，but是并列连词，所以不能同时用。所以把but改成yet或去掉but。afterwhen/whilebutyet或去掉but1although，though，while引导的让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可与yet或still连用。Though/Although/While regular exercise is very important,its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.尽管有规律的锻炼很重要，但临睡前锻炼不是个好主意。考点一让步状语从句核心突破2though与as引导的让步状语从句though引导的让步状语从句置于句首时，从句可倒装也可用正常语序；而as意为“尽管”时，引导的让步状语从句常用倒装结构，即as引导的从句一般置于主句之前，从句中的形容词、副词、名词或动词原形置于句首。若是单数名词前置时，要省略冠词。Child as/though he was，he helped me a lot.尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很大的忙。(名词)Try as/though he might，he could not open the door。不管他怎样努力，他还是不能打开那个门。(动词)3“疑问词ever”引导的让步状语从句，意为“无论”。However hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.不管你多么努力，如果不减少饭量，减肥很难。4whether.or.引导的让步状语从句，意为“不论还是”，提供两种对比情况。Well go on with the work，whether we can find the necessary tools or we cannot.不管我们能否找到所需的工具，我们都要把这件工作做下去。1when指的是“某一具体时间”，可与延续性或非延续性动词连用，whenever“无论何时”；while“在期间”，只与延续性动词连用；as表“一边一边”，强调主从句动作同时发生。2before/since引导时间状语从句的用法(1)before作连词：It will/wont be一段时间before.意为“过了多少时间才/没过多长时间就”。before还可以作介词，意为“在以前”。考点二时间状语从句(2)since引导时间状语从句时表示“自从以来”，从句一般表示动作的起点，用一般过去时；主句表示动作的延续情况，一般用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。常用句型：It is/has been一段时间since.。Since he graduated from college，he has worked in this city.自从大学毕业以来，他一直在这座城市工作。It is five years since he lived here.他不在这儿住已五年了。3till，until，not.until(1)延续性动词(肯定式)until/till表示动作延续到某一时间为止。We walked along the river until/till it was dark.我们沿着河散步，一直到天黑。(2)非延续性动词/延续性动词(否定式)until/till表示“直到才”。He didnt know anything about it until/till I told him.直到我告诉他，他才知道这件事。4其他用于引导时间状语从句的词或短语(1)the moment，the minute，the instant，the second，directly，immediately，instantly等名词和副词可用作连词，引导时间状语从句。Directly I received his letter I went to see him.我一收到他的信就去看他了。(2)在hardly/scarcely.when.与no sooner.than.结构中，主句用过去完成时，than或when所在的从句用一般过去时。(3)every time，any time，the first time，by the time，each time等名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。Every time I express an opinion，she always argues back.每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。1地点状语从句where与wherever可引导地点状语从句。Today，we will begin where we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.今天我们将从昨天停止的地方开始因此就不会遗漏任何要点。考点三地点状语从句和条件状语从句2条件状语从句的常见引导词：if，unless(if.not)，so/as long as(只要)，on condition that(条件是)，if only(if)，provided that(如果)，in case(万一，如果)，suppose/supposing that(假设，如果)，assuming that(假设)等。My parents dont mind what job I do as long as I am happy.我的父母不在意我从事什么工作，只要我高兴就好。3在条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时表将来含义；现在完成时表即将完成之后的情况；一般过去时表过去将来的含义。1原因状语从句原因状语从句可由because，as，since，now that(in that)等词引导：(1)because译作“因为”，表直接原因，语气较强，能回答由why提出的问句。The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair because he wanted to sit next to his wife.那位老人让露西换坐到另一把椅子上，因为他想挨着妻子坐。考点四其他状语从句(2)as(由于)，since(既然)，now that/in that(既然)，表双方都知道的原因，语气较弱。as，since和now that引导的从句多位于主句之前。Now that you have done that，stop blaming yourself.既然你已经做了，就不要自责了。2目的状语从句(1)in order that引导的从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that引导的从句通常置于主句之后。She worked hard so that everything would be ready in time.她努力工作，为的是及时做好各项准备。(2)for fear that/in case这两个连词引导的目的状语从句中的谓语常用“(should)动词原形”。He wrote the name down for fear that/in case he (should)forget it.他把名字写下来以免忘了。3结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有；so that，so.that，such.that。其结构是：(1)so十adj./adv.that从句soadj.a(n)可数名词单数that从句somany/much/little/few名词that从句(2)sucha(n)十adj.可数名词单数that从句suchadj.可数名词复数/不可数名词that从句sucha lot of/lots of名词that从句(3)主句so that从句It was such a cold day that there was nobody in the street.It was so cold a day that there was nobody in the street.It was a cold day so that there was nobody in the street.天气非常冷，街上一个人也没有。4方式状语从句方式状语从句用来表示主句谓语动作发生的方式，常由as(像一样)，as if/though(似乎，好像)等引导。(1)as引导方式状语从句，前面常可用just加强语气。I did just as the teacher did.我就像老师那样做的做了。(2)as if/as though引导方式状语从句时，常用虚拟语气。She spoke English so well as if she had been to America.她英语说得非常好，就好像她去过美国似的。单句填空/单句改错1The students should do the experiments _they were instructed.解析：as“按照”，引导方式状语从句。2It is a good habit to lay things _they belong.解析：where引导地点状语从句。aswhere3He looked very healthy while he returned from Beijing._解析：while引导时间状语从句时，从句只能用延续性动词，而when引导时间状语从句时从句可用延续性动词也可用非延续性动词，故while改为when。4Child although he was,he knew what was the proper thing to do._解析：as/though引导让步状语从句才能以部分倒装的形式出现；although不可以。whilewhenalthoughas/though高高 考考 模模 拟拟