第7讲 动词的时态1 课件-初高中英语衔接.pptx

第五节 动词的时态初高中衔接（英语）（二二）按要求完成下列句子按要求完成下列句子1.Hedarestotellthetruth.（改为否定句）2.Theyhavelivedhereformorethantenyears.（对画线部分提问）3.Therewillbeasportsmeetattheendofthismonth,_?（完成反意疑问）4.Youmustbecarefulwithyourpronunciation.（改为祈使句）5.Theywentforawalkaftersupperyesterdayevening.(改为一般疑问句)6.Itisaninterestingstory.（改为感叹句）7.Thismagazinecomesout（出版）everyotherweek.（对画线部分提问）8.Theycouldhardlybelievehiswords,_?（完成反意疑问）He doesnt dare to tell the truth./He dare not tell the truth.How long have they lived here?wont thereBe careful with your pronunciation.Did they go for a walk after supper yesterday evening?How interesting the story is!/What an interesting story it is!How often does this magazine come out?could they9.Themoonisshiningbrightly.（改为感叹句）10.OurEnglishteacherisalwaysencouragingustospeakEnglishinclass.（对画线部分提问）How brightly the moon is shining!Who is always encouraging us to speak English in class?1.No one knew who he was,or where he came from.2.There was no annoucement.3.He just walked into the classroom one day,all alone,and seated himself down at a desk.4.It was the first class after the morning break,and we were all hanging around excitedly,waiting for the art teacyher to arrive.5.The classroom was noisy.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语宾语宾语主语主语谓语谓语表语表语表语表语主语主语谓语谓语状语状语状语状语谓语谓语宾语宾语宾语宾语状语状语状语状语主语主语 谓语谓语表语表语状语状语状语状语主语主语谓语谓语状语状语状语状语主语主语谓语谓语 表语表语分析下列句子的句子成分分析下列句子的句子成分Failureisawordthatnoonewantstohear.Itisthebiggestfearofahumanbeingyetitisfacedbyeveryhumanbeingatleastonceintheirlife.1Herearesometipswhichcanhelpyougetintothepositivesideoflifeandchangethefailureintosuccess.Nevergiveup.Beforestartinganythingthatyouthinkwillgiveyousuccess,telltellyourselffirmlythatyouwillnevergiveupyourselffirmlythatyouwillnevergiveup.2Rememberthatitisnevertoolatetodoso.3Thisistheopportunitythatyoushouldnotletgoofletgoof.Supposeyouareinafootballground.Youstriketheballfor9timesinarowinarowandfail.Butinthetenthattempt,yousucceed.Those9attemptsprovedthatyousomehowlearntfromyourmistakes.Thatshowitworks.Neverthinkthatyouvegotonlyoneplan.Theworstthingyoucandoafterfailingatsomeprojectisthinkingthatitwastheonlyplanyoucouldeverthinkof.Thereisalwaysanotherplan.IfplanAfailsplanBandifplanBfailsplanC.4Rememberthereisalwaysawayoranotherway.thereisalwaysawayoranotherway.5Thisisthemostimportantthingthatyouneedtoliveacontentedlife.Alwaysthinkpositive.Neverletyourselfdown.PositivityPositivityisallweneedtogrowandestablishourselvesinthisworld.A.Keepontrying.B.Haveapositivemindset.C.Learnfromyourmistakes.D.Therefore,youneedtolearnhowtodealwithfailure.E.Justasthesayinggoes,failureisthemotherofsuccess.F.ThispromisetoselfThispromisetoselfmakesyourmindreadyforbothfailureandsuccess.G.Ifyouareintoareintoachievingsomething,nooneornothinginthisworldcanstopyou.DFCGB现代英语语法将传统语法所说的“时态(Tense)”分成了两部分：“时(Tense)”和“体(Aspect)”。“时”是指谓语动词发生或存在于不同时间的变化形式，“体”指动作进行或过程处于什么状态的变化形式。常见时态的构成形式常见时态的构成形式1.一般现在时()A.主语+am/is/are doing2.一般过去时()B.主语+was/were doing3.一般将来时()C.主语+have/has done4.过去将来时()D.主语+will/shall do5.现在进行时()E.主语+did6.过去进行时()F.主语+had done7.现在完成时()G.主语+would do8.过去完成时()H.主语+do/doesHEDGABCF一般现在时 主语+do/does一、一般体考点一、一般体考点（一）一般现在时（一）一般现在时1.The geography teacher told us that the earth _(move)around the sun.2.Water (boil)at 100.3.The careless driver has just been fined$10 for stopping his car at a sign that _(read)“NO PARKING”.4.Whatever you (say),I will not change my mind.5.Dont try to run before you (begin)to walk.6.Ill go with you if I (finish)my work.7.The River Amazon _(flow)into the Atlantic Ocean.movesboilsfinishsaybeginreadsflows一、一般体考点（一）一般现在一般现在【总结】1定义：表示现在的、的动作或状态。时间状语：_2.一般现在时可以表示或。3.在,和_状语从句中以及主句是_时常用一般现在时代替将来时。4.根据时刻表要发生的。经常性经常性习惯性习惯性every day;often;usually;always;seldom;sometimes时间时间条件条件祈使句祈使句客观事实客观事实普通真理普通真理让步让步（二）一般过去时一般过去时1.-Nancyisnotcomingtonight.-Butshe(promise)!2.Myuncle_(marry)untilhewasforty-five.3.-Youhaventsaidawordaboutmynewcar,Brenda.Doyoulikeit?-ImsorryI(notsay)anythingaboutitsooner.Icertainlythinkitsprettyonyou.4.-Comeonin,Peter.Iwanttoshowyousomething.-Oh,howniceofyou!Inever(think)you(be)goingtobringmeagift.5.-Yourphonenumberagain!I(notcatch)it.-Its9598442.【总结】定义：过去某一时间发生的动作或所处的状态。含有“刚才，在过去”之意，暗示现在已经不这样。时间状语：_promised werethoughtdidnt saydidnt marrydidnt catchthen;at that time;just now;three days ago;yesterday;when 或或 while 引导的表示过去的时间状语从句引导的表示过去的时间状语从句特殊句型：特殊句型：It is time that sb.did sth.“是时候该是时候该了了 would rather sb.did sth.“宁愿某人做某事宁愿某人做某事”It is time you to bed.I would rather you _ do anything for the time being.wentdidnt一般将来时一般将来时：will dobe going to do be doingbe about to dobe to do 一般现在时表将来将来时将来时用法用法例句例句1will+动词原形动词原形表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态（事物固有的属性或必然趋势）Mysistertennextyear.2be going to+动动词原形词原形1.口语中表示“打算、计划”做某事；2.根据现在的迹象，对未来进行推断；3.用于条件句中，表将来；而will不行Itclearup.Wehaveapartytonight.Ifyoucometomyhouse,youdbetterphonemefirst.3be+doing进行时表示将来进行时表示将来go;come;start;begin;move;leave;arrive;stay等词可用进行时表示按照计划或即将发生的动作Hetothesouth.theyforEurope?(三）一般将来时will beare going toare going tois going toAre leavingis moving4be about to+动动词原形词原形表示安排或计划中的马上就要发生的动作，后面一般不跟_Ileavewhenthebellrang.Themeetingclose.5be to+动词原形动词原形 表示按照计划或安排要做的事Wemeetattheschoolgateatnoon.6一一般般现现在在时时表表示示将来将来一些起止的动词come;go;leave;arrive;fly;return;start;begin;close;end;stop等，用来表示_上或_上早就定好的事情The meeting at fiveoclock.(start)The plane at ten thisevening.(leave)具体时间具体时间was about tois about to are to时刻表时刻表日程安排日程安排startsleaves【总结】定义：_某一时刻要发生的动作或所处的状态。shall只限于第一人称，主要见于英国英语，现在的趋势是第一、二、三人称的单复数形式均用will表示。在口语中，shall和will常缩写成“ll”，紧接在主语之后。其否定式shallnot和willnot常简略为shant和wont。e.g.WhichparagraphshallIreadfirst？时间状语：_将来将来soon;next week;tomorrow 等等2.beto+动词原形的用法：(1)YouaretodoyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.=“必须“(2)Youaretoreportthepolice.=“应该”(3)Ifwearetobetherebefore10,wellhavetogonow.=“打算；想”(4)Whatarewetodonext？用于第一人称疑问句中，表示意见。(5)Youarenottosmokeintheroom.=“禁止”，用于句中(6)Thenewsbefoundintheeveningnewspaper.=“可以；可能”have to/must ought to/should intend/want征求对方征求对方 mustnt否定否定 may/can【题组训练】1.Ifaman(succeed),hemustworkashardashecan.2.Insuchdryweather,theflowerswillhavetobewateredifthey(survive).3.Lookattheseclouds.It(rain).4.-Youveleftthelighton.-Oh,soIhave.I(go)andturnitoff.is to succeed are to surviveis going to will go(四四)过去将来时过去将来时1.Mybrother(tell)methathebackonSaturday.2.Noone(know)whichcountry(hold)thenextOlympicGames.【总结】定义：从_某时看_发生的事或存在的状态。时间的出发点是_。该时态常用于_或_中。而主句的谓语动词常常是_时间或有_。told would beknew would hold 过去过去将要将要过去过去间接引语间接引语过去过去过去完成时过去完成时宾语从句进行时态：现在进行时现在进行时：is/am/are doing过去进行时过去进行时：was/were doing 现在进行时：或 正在发生的动作或存在的状态。说话时说话时现阶段现阶段过去进行时：某个时刻或阶段正在发生的动作或存在的状态。过去过去二、进行体考点1.Asshe(read)thenewspaper,Grammy(fall)asleep.2.ThereportersaidthattheUFO(travel)easttowestwhenhe(see)it.3.Healways(think)ofothersfirst.4.Healways(make)thesamemistake.5.-Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse.-Notyet.Therooms(paint).6.Shirley(write)abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdontknowwhethershehasfinishedit.7.Selectingamobilephoneforpersonaluseisnoteasytaskbecausetechnology(change)sorapidly.8.Idontreallyworkhere.Ijust(help)outuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.was reading fellwas travelling saw is thinking is making are being paintedwas writing changes/is changing am helping【总结】1.定义定义1）现在进行时：或正在发生的动作或存在的状态。2）过去进行时：某个时刻或阶段正在发生的动作或存在的状态。2.时间状语时间状语1）现在进行时：_2）过去进行时：_3.一个长动作为背景，被一个短动作打断，长动作用体，短动作用体。4.进行体表示反复出现或习惯性动作，含有、厌恶、等情绪。常与等连用。5.进行体表示动作的性、性。6.如果句中有_,_等提示语，其后应考虑使用现在进行时。Listen!HanMeianEnglishsongintheclassroom.(sing)说话时说话时现阶段现阶段过去过去now;right now等at this time yesterday等进行进行一般一般赞赏赞赏遗憾遗憾always;continually;constantly未完成未完成暂时暂时 look listen is singing下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时：下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时：1.表示心理状态、情感的动词，如_等；2.表存在的状态的动词，如_等；3.表示一时性非延续性动作的动词，如_等；4.表示感官的动词，如_等。like，love，hate，care，remember，believe，needappear，exist，lie，remain，seem allow，accept，permitsee，hear，notice，feel，smell，sound，taste，look现在完成时have/has done三、完成体考点三、完成体考点三、完成体考点（一）现在完成时三、完成体考点（一）现在完成时1.Inthepastfewyears,greatchanges(take)placeinmyhometown.2.He(be)busywritingabookrecently.3.He(write)8bookssofar.4.theconcert(start)yet?(Istheconcertonnow?)5.Inever(see)thefilm.(Idontknowthefilmnow)6.IwillnotbelieveyouunlessI(see)itwithmyowneyes.7IwillgowithyouassoonasI(finish)mywork.8.改错1)HehascometoBeijingsincelastyear._2)Hehasjoinedthearmyfor3years._三、完成体考点（一）现在完成时三、完成体考点（一）现在完成时1.Inthepastfewyears,greatchanges(take)placeinmyhometown.2.He(be)busywritingabookrecently.3.He(write)8bookssofar.4.theconcert(start)yet?(Istheconcertonnow?)5.Inever(see)thefilm.(Idontknowthefilmnow)6.IwillnotbelieveyouunlessI(see)itwithmyowneyes.7IwillgowithyouassoonasI(finish)mywork.8.改错1)HehascometoBeijingsincelastyear._2)Hehasjoinedthearmyfor3years._ have taken has been has written Has started have seen have seen have finishedHe has been/lived in Beijing since last year.He came to Beijing last year.He has served in the army for 3 years./He joined the army 3 years ago./He has been a soldier for 3 years./It is/has been three years since he joined the army.【总结】1.定义和时间状语：1）表示一个动作或状态开始于，持续到，（也许还将持续下去）。时间状语：_2.)一个发生在的事情对产生的影响。时间状语：_2.在、或状语从句中，表示的动作3.瞬间动词用完成时态不可以接一段时间的状语瞬间动词有：_4.Thisis+形容词最高级+that结构，that从句要用现在完成时。ThisisthebestfilmthatI(eversee).过去 现在 过去 现在 lately;recently;in the last/past few years,since then;up to now;so far 等 already;just;yet;never;before 等条件 时间让步将来某时以前已经完成come;go;get to/reach/arrive in/arrive at;leave;buy;sell;open;close;get up;join/take part in;begin/start;return;give;borrow;lend;become;turn;bring;take;die;finish/end;receive/hear form;marry;break;lose;jump have ever seen