【课件】Welcome+Unit+Discovering+Useful+Structures课件人教版必修第一册.pptx

WELCOME UNITDiscovering Useful StructuresKnowaboutthe4typesofsentencestructures1234简单句并列句并列句复合句复合句并列复合句并列复合句1234KnowaboutthebasicKnowaboutthebasiccompositionofasentencecompositionofasentence！P PDODOO OA AC C(subject)(subject)S SV V(verb)(verb)(object)(object)(predicative)(predicative)(adverbial)(adverbial)(direct object)(direct object)I0 0 (object complement)(object complement)(indirect object)(indirect object)（同位语同位语）appositive（定语定语）attribute主语主语状语状语宾语补足语宾语补足语直接宾语直接宾语表语表语宾语宾语间接宾语间接宾语谓语谓语KnowaboutthebasiccompositionofasentenceKnowaboutthetermsSVOPAC(subject)主语主语:句子说明的人或事物句子说明的人或事物；(verb)谓语谓语动词动词:说明主语的动作说明主语的动作、状态和特征状态和特征；(object)宾语宾语:动作的对象或承受者动作的对象或承受者；DO(directobject)IO(indirectobject)(objectcomplement)宾宾语语补补足足语语：说说明明宾宾语语的的身身份份和和状状态态以以补充其意义不足补充其意义不足，使句子的意义完整使句子的意义完整。(adverbial)状状语语：说说明明地地点点、时时间间、原原因因、目目的的、结结果果、条件条件、方向方向、程度程度、方式和伴随状况等方式和伴随状况等；(predicative)表语表语：连系动词后面的成分连系动词后面的成分；1.Jane is good at playing the piano.2.She went out in a hurry.3.Eight is a lucky number in China.4.To see is to believe.5.Smoking is bad for health.6.What he has said is true.Thecompositionofasentence(subject)主语主语:句子说明的人或事物句子说明的人或事物名词名词代词代词数词数词不定式不定式句子句子动名词动名词(verb)谓语谓语动词动词:说明主语的动作说明主语的动作、状态和特征状态和特征Thecompositionofasentence简单谓语简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成由动词或动词词组组成复合谓语复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词由情态动词或助动词+动词动词Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shedoesntseemtolikedancing.Ihaveseenthefilmbefore.see是及物动词是及物动词look是不及物动词是不及物动词lookafter是动词短语是动词短语谓语是谓语是canspeak谓语是谓语是doesntseem谓语是谓语是haveseenThecompositionofasentence1.Showyourpassport,please.2.Shedidntsayanything3.Howmanydoyouwant?Iwanttwo.4.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.5.Theyaskedtoseemypassport.6.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.7.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?名词名词代词代词数词数词不定式不定式动名词动名词名词化的形容词名词化的形容词句子句子(object)宾语宾语:动作的对象或承受者动作的对象或承受者及物动词或介词的宾语及物动词或介词的宾语在动词后方所跟的双宾语中，表示物的叫做直接宾语在动词后方所跟的双宾语中，表示物的叫做直接宾语direct object（简称（简称“直宾直宾”），），表示人的叫做间接宾语表示人的叫做间接宾语(indirect object)。1.He read us the text.2.My sister wrote me a letter.3.Henry teaches us English.4.My mother bought me a watch.5.Her mother made her a cake.直接直接宾语宾语directobject间接宾语间接宾语indirectobject双宾语双宾语人是间接宾人是间接宾人是间接宾人是间接宾语，物是直语，物是直语，物是直语，物是直接宾语接宾语接宾语接宾语 He read the text to us.My sister wrote a letter to me.Henry teaches English to us.My mother bought a watch for me.Her mother made a cake for her.linking-verbI am happy.The day turns long.He gets angry.He seems ill.It remains a mystery.-后跟表语，构成系表结构，表示主语的状后跟表语，构成系表结构，表示主语的状态、身份、特征等态、身份、特征等常见的系动词：常见的系动词：1.be 动动词词：am,is,are2.状态类系动词：状态类系动词：stay,keep,remain,get 等等3.感官系动词：感官系动词：feel,smell,taste,sound等等4.变化类系动词：变化类系动词：get,become,grow,go,turn等等5.“看起来，似乎看起来，似乎”系动词：系动词：seem,look,appearThecompositionofasentence1.Iamfine.2.Heisaboy.3.Fiveplustwoisseven.4.Wearehere.5.Heisnotathome.6.Myhobbyisreading.7.Ourdutyistomakeourenvironmentbetter.形容词形容词名词名词数词数词介词短语介词短语动名词动名词副词副词不定式不定式(predicative)表表语语:说明主语的身份说明主语的身份、性质性质、品性品性、特征和状态特征和状态1.表表语语是是句句子子中中的的不不完完整整的的谓谓语语，须须和和系系动动词词一一起起构构成成句句子子中中的的完整的复合谓语完整的复合谓语。2.表表语语是是谓谓语语的的部部件件，而而不不是是与与谓语平级的句子成分谓语平级的句子成分。3.主主系系表表结结构构实实际际上上是是主主谓谓结结构构，没有所谓的主谓表结构没有所谓的主谓表结构。1.HisfathernamedhimTerry.2.Shethinksheragoodteacher.3.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.4.Wefoundeverythingingoodorder.5.Wesawhimenteringtheroom.6.Sheaskedmetolendherahand.7.Iwillhavemyhaircuttomorrowmorning.Thecompositionofasentence形容词形容词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词介词短语介词短语(objectcomplement)宾宾语语补补足足语语：说说明明宾宾语语的的身身份份和和状状态态以以补补充充其意义不足其意义不足，使句子的意义完整使句子的意义完整。代词代词名词名词不定式不定式宾语补宾语补足语足语 a frightened girl ten students the chance to win a sleeping guy a lost dog a bird in the cagean apple tree the boy who is delivering a speech(attribute)定语是对名词或代词起修饰定语是对名词或代词起修饰，限定作用的句子成分限定作用的句子成分。Thecompositionofasentence数词数词 形容词形容词不定式不定式 现在分词现在分词 过去分词过去分词介词短语介词短语 名词名词 定语从句定语从句Thecompositionofasentence1.Iwillbebackinawhile.2.Theyareplayingontheplayground.3.Hewaslatebecausehegotuplate.4.HegotupsolatethatImissedthetrain.5.Iwaitedtoseeyou.时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语原因状语原因状语目的状语目的状语结果状语结果状语(adverbial)状状语语：说说明明地地点点、时时间间、原原因因、目目的的、结结果果、条条件件、方向方向、程度程度、方式和伴随状况等方式和伴随状况等。Thecompositionofasentence6.Heoftenwenttoschoolbybus.7.Hisparentsdied,leavinghimanorphan.8.Pleasecallmeifitisnecessary.9.Iamtallerthanheis.10.Hewenttoschoolinspiteofhisillness.方式状语方式状语结果状语结果状语条件状语条件状语让步状语让步状语比较状语比较状语(adverbial)状状语语：说说明明地地点点、时时间间、原原因因、目目的的、结结果果、条条件件、方向方向、程度程度、方式和伴随状况等方式和伴随状况等。句子成分句子成分意义意义充当成分充当成分例句例句主语表示句子说的是什么人或什么事名，代，数，不定式，动名词，短语或句子We study in Huang Qiao Middle School.谓语说明主语做什么，是什么或怎么样动词或动词词组She is dancing under the tree.宾语表示动作行为的对象同主语Both of us like English.表语与联系动词连用，一起构成谓语，说明主语的性质或特点同主语Her father is a chemist.His words sound reasonable.Summary句子成分句子成分意义意义充当成分充当成分例句例句定语用来修饰名词或代词 形，代，数，名,副，介词短语或句子We have eight lessons every day.状语修饰动词，形容词，副词，表示动作发生的时间，地点，原因，目的，方式，结果等副词，介词短语或句子He works very hard.They held a party in Hollywood.宾语补足语逻辑上与宾语是主谓关系形容词，名词，介词短语等She always keeps the house clean.SummaryStudythesentencestructures！All of us laughed.S +V uNobody left.uYou must stay.1.SV（主谓结构）（主谓结构）2.SVO（主谓宾）（主谓宾）I miss my grandma.S +V +OuI will make many friends.uI couldnt concentrate on the experiment.3.SP（主系表）（主系表）The teacher was kind and friendly.S +P 4.SVIODO（主谓（主谓+间宾间宾+直宾）直宾）He told us a funny story.Direct Object直接宾语直接宾语Indirect Object间接宾语间接宾语1.The teacher gave us a quiz.2.My mom will buy me a new cell phone.(The teacher gave a quiz to us.)(My mom will buy a new cell phone for me.)S +V I found most of my teachers and classmates friendly and helpful.S+V +O Complement宾语宾语补足语补足语uHe found the picture pretty.uI regard him as my best friend.5.SVOC（主谓宾（主谓宾+宾补）宾补）He talk too much.S +V +A 6.SVA（主谓状）（主谓状）I had my first maths class at senior high school.S+V +O +A 7.SVOA（主谓宾状）（主谓宾状）uThere are three people in my family.uThere were less students in my junior high school.uThere will be many races at the sports meeting.8.Therebe句型：某地句型：某地有有某物某物简单句的简单句的8种基本类型种基本类型1.S+VAllofuslaughed.2.S+V+OIhadmyfirstmathsclass.3.S+PThelabisnew.4.S+V+IO+DOHetoldusafunnystory.5.S+V+O+CIfoundmyteachersfriendly.6.S+V+AHetalkedtoomuch.7.S+V+O+AIhadmyfirstmathsclassatseniorhighschool.8.Therebe句型句型Thereisalottoexploreatseniorhighschool.summarysummarysummarysummaryPracticemakesperfect！1.The 100-year-old school lies in the centre of the city.Read the sentences and analyse the structures.S 主语主语V 谓语谓语A 状语2.We must act.S 主语主语V 谓语3.The maths homework looks easy.S 主语主语P 系表系表4.The teacher found the classroom empty.S 主语V 谓语O 宾语C 宾补 5.My mum bought me a new dictionary.6.Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.7.There is an English Corner at our school.8.We had chemistry in the newly built lab.S 主语V 谓语DO 直宾IO 间宾S 主语V 谓语O 宾语有某物某地S 主语 V 谓语O 宾语A 状语There be 句型Read the passage and analyse the structures of the underlined sentences.that dream has come true!S 主语V 谓语Tim and his classmates are living on a ship!S 主语V 谓语A 状语They also learn about ships and the sea.S 主语V 谓语A 状语O 宾语Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship.Tim writes his parents an email every week S 主语V 谓语DO 直宾IO 间宾V 谓语IO 间宾DO 直宾A 状语and tells them what happened on the ship.Theres always something exciting to do.Studying and doing homework seem much more fun.S 主语P 系表有某物A 状语There be 句型Thanks！