【公开课】Unit+1+Reading+and+thinking+课件（人教版2019）（选择性必修第二册）.pptx

Unit1ScienceandScientistsReadingandThinking JohnSnowDefeats“KingCholera”重点词汇1.choleran.2.diarrhoean.3.dehydrationn.4.contradictoryadj.5.germn.6.pumpn.7.householdn.8.rawadj.9.pureadj.10.statisticn.pl.11.epidemiologyn.12.adj.极为恶劣的;十分严重的;严厉的13.adj.懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的14.vt.使感染;传染n.感染;传染15.vt.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳(会费)霍乱腹泻脱水相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的微生物;细菌;病菌泵;抽水机;打气筒一家人;家庭;同住一所(套)房子的人未煮的;生的;未经处理的;原始的干净的;纯的;纯粹的统计数字;统计资料;统计学流行病学severefrustratedinfectinfectionsubscribe课前诵背，扫清障碍16.n.证据;证明;检验17.adj.数量多的;多种多样的18.vt.&vi.怀疑;疑有;不信任n.犯罪嫌疑人;可疑对象19.vt.把归咎于;责怪;指责n.责备;指责、20.n.把手;拉手;柄vt.处理;搬动;操纵(车辆、动物、工具等)21.n.介入;出面;干涉22.n.联系;纽带vt.把连接起来;相关联23.adj.大量的;价值巨大的;重大的24.n.减少;降低;减少量vt.&vi.(使大小、数量等)减少;减小;降低25.vt.使改观;使改变形态vi.改变;转变26.n.显微镜proofmultiplesuspectblamehandleinterventionlinksubstantialdecreasetransformmicroscope课前诵背，扫清障碍课前诵背，扫清障碍1.最令人害怕的疾病之一2.一场爆发袭击了欧洲3.死于4.变得沮丧5.晋升为一名出名的医生6.照顾，照料7.生子8.渴望摧毁霍乱9.彻底地10.细菌感染11.同意；赞同12.在两条特别的街上13.需要证据14.下定决心做1.oneofthemostfeareddiseases2.anoutbreakhitEurope3.diefrom4.becomefrustrated5.risetobecameafamousdoctor6.attendto7.givebirth8.desiretodestroycholera9.onceandforall10.aninfectionfromgerms11.subscribeto12.intwoparticularstreets13.needproof14.bedeterminedto重点短语Focusonlanguage15.在地图上标记确切的地方16.靠近水泵数量众多的死亡17.（对）负有责任；应受责备18.把到19.携带霍乱细菌20.把把手移除21.疾病在感染途中被中断22.其他情况下的23.被未经处理的废弃物感染/污染24.不懈的努力25.见证了巨大的下降26.多亏了；由于27.改变了科学家研究疾病的方式15.markonamaptheexactplaces16.multipledeathsnearthewaterpump17.betoblame18.haditdelivered19.carrycholeragerm20.hadthehandleremoved21.thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks22.othercasesof23.beinfected/pollutedbyrawwaste24.tirelessefforts25.sawasubstantialdecrease26.thanksto27.transformthewayscientistsstudydiseasesPost-reading“Toraisenewquestions,newpossibilities,toregardoldproblemsfromanewangle,requirescreativeimaginationandmarksrealadvanceinscience.”-AlbertEinstein”“提出新的问题，发现新的问题，从新的角度审视已存在的问题，这些需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。”-阿尔伯特阿尔伯特爱因斯坦爱因斯坦”LeadinAreyoufamiliarwiththesesituations?MaskupGetvaccinatedSelf-isolationPositivemeasuresaretakentofightagainstCovid-19.Besidescoronavirus,whatotherkindsofepidemics（流行病）doyoukonw?bird-flu（禽流感）malaria mleri（疟疾）plagueple（鼠疫）Ebola bl(埃博拉)Who Helped Defeat Malaria?/klr/choleran.霍乱霍乱diarrhoea/dar/n.腹泻腹泻dehydration/dihadren/n.脱水脱水infection/nfekn/n.感染感染;传染传染waterpump水泵水泵Itbeginsinthestomachandaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatetreatment.PredictionJohn Snow Defeats“King Cholera”Who?How?What?Accordingtothetitle,thestoryisgoingtotellusinformationabout.Thetextismainlyabout_and_hedefeatedkingcholera.howJohnSnowscientificresearch?Activity1:ReadthewholetextquicklyandmatchthemainideaPara.1Para.2Para.4Para.5JohnSnowdesiredtodestroycholera.JohnSnowdecidedtoprovethesecondtheory.Snowbeganhisstudybymarkingonthemap.Truthoftheinfectionofcholera.Snowscontributions.Para.3Fast readingFast readingDrawaconclusionCollectdata AskaquestionFindaproblem AnalyzetheresultsFindsupportingevidenceThinkofamethodStagesofScientificResearchDoyouknowhowtoproveanewideainscientificresearch?Howmanystagesareneededtosetoutascientificresearch?CarefulReadingPara.1Researchbackground2.Whywasthediseasecalled“”KingCholera?Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeareddiseasesintheworld,untilaBritishdoctor,JohnSnow,showedhowitcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andevendeath.Inthe early 19th century,when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecamefrustratedbecausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesiretodestroycholeraonceandforall.expert/experienced/knowledgeabledeadlyuncontrollable“King”1.WhoisJohnSnow?Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictorytheoriestoexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywasthatbadaircausedthedisease.Anotherwasthatcholerawascausedbyaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribedtothesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,buthestillneededproof.Consequently,whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.1.Whatarethetwotheories?WhichtheorydidJohnSnowthinkwasreasonable?2.WhatdidJohnSnowinvestigatewhenanotheroutbreakhitLondonin1854?Para.2FindaproblemAskaquestionWhatdoestheredstarsstandfor?multipledeathshappenedhere.Whatdoesthegreenstarsstandfor?Nodeathhappenedhere.Why?CLUE:freebeerfrompublichouseSuspectthatthewaterfromthepumpwastoblame.Butheneededproofs!1.WhatmethoddidSnowuse?2.Whatdidhefindonthemap?Whatdidhedotodealwithit?AmapofBroadStreetPara.3Para.3AnalyzetheresultsFindsupportingevidenceSnowbeganbymarkingonamaptheexactplaceswhereallthosewhodiedhadlived.ThereweremultipledeathsnearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9Cambridge8Street)hadhadnodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.Theyhadbeengivenfreebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwastoblame.Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughterhaddiedofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehaditdeliveredtoherhouseeveryday.multipleHoweverno deathsthe water pump was to blamePara.3DrawaconclusionAsaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepumpremovedsothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.announcePumpwatercarriedthecholeragerms.RemovethehandleofthepumpThediseasewasstoppedSnowhadthe_ofthepumpremoved.EItwasbelievedthatcholerawascausedby_orgermsin_.ASnow_theplaceswherepeoplewho_hadlived.BbadairfoodorwatermarkedondiedThepumpwatercarried_.DcholeragermshandleamapManydeathsoccurrednearthe_inBroadStreet.Somepeople_drunkthewaterfromthepump,andlived.AwomanandherdaughterdiedinanotherpartofLondonafter_.CwaterpumphadnotfromthepumpdrinkingwaterReadfromPara.2-3againandcompletethechartbelow.conclusionevidenceprocesssolutiontheoriesconclusionevidenceprocesssolutiontheoriesWhy was John Snow called the father of modern epidemiology(流行病学）流行病学）?ReadPara.4-5andcompletethefollowingtasks.1.WhatdidSnowfindlater?SnowprovedthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeenaffectedbywaste.Moreover,SnowshowtherewasalinkbetweenothercasesofcholeraandthedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.2.WhatdidJohnSnowachieve?Why was John Snow called the father of modern epidemiology(流行流行病学）病学）?SummarySummaryStagesofScientificResearch1.Findaproblem:1.Findaproblem:Whatcausedacholera?Whatcausedacholera?2.Askaquestion2.Askaquestion：Whichtheoryisright?Whichtheoryisright?3.Thinkofamethod3.Thinkofamethod：GatheredevidenceGatheredevidence，analyzedtheresultsandremovedthehandleofthepump.analyzedtheresultsandremovedthehandleofthepump.4.Drawaconclusion:4.Drawaconclusion:Thetruthwasthatpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Thetruthwasthatpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.5.Takemeasures:5.Takemeasures:Watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwaterandthethreatofthediseasedecreased.Watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwaterandthethreatofthediseasedecreased.Inordernottogetinfectedwithdisease,whatshouldwepayattentiontoinourdailylife.Drinkboiledwater.Remembertowearamaskwhengoingout.Heatthefoodleftovernight.Washyourhandsoften.Cookrawfoodthoroughly.Dealwithrubbishtimelyandproperly.Post-readingQualitiespassioncreativitydevotionselflessnesshardworkWhatqualitiesdoyouneedtobeascientist?Post-reading