2022年高考英语题型二轮专题强化练　阅读理解(3)(解析版).docx

第三组A主题语境:人与自然旅游建议用时:5实际用时:正答率:/3 (2019四川眉山一诊)Khotyn FortressBuilt in the 13th-14th century,it lies on the right bank of the Dniester River in Khotyn,of western Ukraine.It is also in the historical northern Bessarabia region which was split in 1940 between Ukraine and Moldova.And it is near to the Old Kamyanets Castle of Kamianets-Podilskyi,which was also used as a famous defensive structure.It is convenient to book the hotels nearby it at low prices,such as Premier Club,Reikartz Kamianets-Podilsky and so on.Kamenets-Podolsk CastleIt lies in the Khmelntsky Region,Ukraine.This architectural treasure is over a thousand years old and it can be found in the catalogue of the British National Museum.Its architecture which unites best western and eastern traditions fits into the nature perfectly.The castle consists of minaret buildings,a town hall,an Orthodox church and a Polish Catholic church.Its beauty has been attracting tourists from all over the world for many years.Vorontsov PalaceIt is a historic palace lying at the foot of the Crimean Mountains near the town of Alupka in Crimea,Ukraine.It is one of the oldest and largest palaces in Crimea,and one of the most popular tourist attractions on Crimeas southern coast.The construction of the palace began in 1830,according to a project by English architect Edward Blore (1789-1879) and it was supposed to be the palace for Prince Mikhail Vorontsov to spend summer.Metropolitan PalaceIt was built between the years 1864-1882 according to the designs of the Czech architect Josef Hlávka.The palace,whose buildings are now part of Chernivtsi University,Ukraine,was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2011.【语篇解读】本文属于应用文,主要介绍了乌克兰境内的几处著名的城堡和宫殿。作者从它们的修建历史、地理位置以及特色等方面作了介绍。1.What can we know about Khotyn Fortress?A.It served as defence work.B.It is open to the public for free.C.It is the oldest building in Ukraine.D.It was divided into two parts in 1940.答案A解析细节理解题。由Khotyn Fortress部分的“And it is near to the Old Kamyanets Castle of Kamianets-Podilskyi,which was also used as a famous defensive structure.”可知,该城堡与Old Kamyanets Castle临近,这个城堡也曾经被用作防御工事,由此推知,Khotyn Fortress过去是作防御工事用的,故选A项。2.Which has the shortest history?A.Kamenets-Podolsk Castle.B.Khotyn Fortress.C.Vorontsov Palace.D.Metropolitan Palace.答案D解析细节理解题。通过对比四个历史遗迹存在的时间长短可知,Metropolitan Palace修建于18641882年,比修建于1830年的Vorontsov Palace还要晚,因此选D项。3.From which is the text probably taken?A.A travel magazine.B.An architecture brochure.C.A research paper on history.D.A geography textbook.答案A解析推理判断题。本文介绍了乌克兰境内的4个著名城堡和宫殿,谈到了它们的地理位置、悠久的历史以及建筑特色。特别是在介绍Khotyn Fortress时,作者还提到了该城堡附近的旅馆;在介绍Kamenets-Podolsk Castle时,作者提到了该城堡每年吸引了众多旅游者;在介绍Metropolitan Palace时,作者提到了该宫殿是联合国教科文组织认定的世界遗产文化地。由此可知,这篇文章可能来自一本旅游杂志,故选A项。B主题语境:人与社会著名建筑建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4 (2019四川眉山一诊)Professor Sun Jun,aged 93 in 2018,has devoted his life to working on Chinas giant construction projects,including the Qinghai-Tibet highway,Three Gorges Dam,and the Yangtze River Tunnel.In his latest project,the Tongji University academic served as a senior adviser on the construction of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge.Under the guidance of Sun,Xu Wei,a professor in Tongji and Suns student,took over technical assistance for the construction of the bridge.“Every time I saw Sun and other professors working on the bridge,I felt at ease,” said Lin Ming,the general project manager.Lin initially invited an experienced Dutch company to serve as the technical assistant for the project.The company wanted to charge US $171 million.He then asked for help from Xu along with experts in Tongji University.The methods developed by Tongji University reduced the impact of the bridge on the Chinese white dolphin,which is under first class state protection.The key challenge during the construction of the bridge was the 6.7-km underwater tunnel,the worlds longest and deepest undersea tunnel.Ding Wenqi,who was nicknamed the “tunnel expert”,was asked to ensure the tubes be connected perfectlyeven under the influences of land subsidence (下沉),water pressure and tide movement.Hu Xiangdong,another professor with Tongji,developed a method to freeze the earth around the tunnel to prevent water leakage and land subsidence during the digging of the most challenging 2-km section of the tunnel.The tunnel section of the project was completed in May 2017.Sun was invited to visit the near-completed bridge again in February 2018.The expert said he felt the most relaxed this time since most of the challenges have been conquered.“In the next step,we should focus on how to make the two artificial islands more beautiful and attract travelers,” Sun said.Xu said all the staff in his office took a great pride in watching the TV news of the bridges official opening on Wednesday.【语篇解读】 港珠澳大桥的建成离不开所有参与者的智慧与汗水。同济大学的专家们积极献策,他们反复研究、试验,攻破了港珠澳大桥建设的重重技术难关,创造了世界奇迹。4.What is Professor Suns contribution to the bridge?A.He worked in Tongji University.B.He was the general project manager.C.He gave much advice on the project.D.He took over the technical assistance.答案C解析推理判断题。由第一段最后一句可知,他是港珠澳大桥的高级顾问,因此他应该为这个工程的建设提供了许多建议。故选C项。5.Why did Lin Ming ask for help from experts in Tongji University?A.The Dutch company charged too much.B.The technical assistant had too much trouble.C.Tongji University did best in the giant projects.D.He felt relaxed to see professors working on the bridge.答案A解析推理判断题。由第二段最后两句可知,是因为荷兰公司要价太高,工程总经理才求助同济大学的专家的。故选A项。6.Whats the greatest trouble in building the bridge?A.Protecting the Chinese white dolphin.B.Constructing the longest & deepest undersea tunnel.C.Controlling the water pressure.D.Preventing the tide.答案B解析细节理解题。由第三段前两句可知,同济大学开发的方法减少了大桥对处于国家一级保护下的中华白海豚的影响。大桥建造过程中的一个关键挑战是6.7千米的海底隧道,这是世界上最长和最深的海底隧道,故选B项。7.How did the expert stop water leaking in building the undersea tunnel?A.By keeping the tide moving.B.By digging deep into the sea.C.By increasing the water pressure.D.By freezing the nearby earth around the tunnel.答案D解析细节理解题。由第三段第四句可知,该专家通过冰冻隧道周围的泥土的方法来防止漏水。故选D项。C主题语境:人与社会意外急救建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4 Friday would be Samia and Salems wedding day!Everyone in the village was excited and was busy preparing for the happy event.The villagers were very proud of Salem as he worked long hours and cared about the people in his village.While others were enjoying the prewedding celebrations,together with the nurses,the groom was busy delivering a baby in his clinic.The bride was in her room happily arranging her hair and make-up,getting ready for the arrival of her guests.Her family and friends had excitedly prepared the henna (涂指甲花) party.Grandma and Mum were busy in the kitchen with the food they had made for the henna feast for the day before Friday.Samias friend Mariam was making the wedding cake.Her friend Shaikha was collecting the brides dress from the tailor.At 12 noon the henna maker arrived.Following the tradition,she started decorating the brides hands.There was an air of excitement in the room.Grandma started singing a traditional folk song.Suddenly,the bride felt a strange tingling (麻刺感) in her hand.It grew worse and worse.Her hand became red and swollen soon.Grandma said,“Oh dear,I think it best that you wash your hands immediately.” As an emergency first aider,Mariam suggested applying some cold cream on Samias hand and ran off and returned with some in her hand.Neither of these worked.Mum took control and phoned Salem but in vain.Without hesitation,she took Samia to the hospital urgently with Dad and other friends.Dr Ahmed looked at her hand and said,“Youve had an allergic reaction to the henna.Tomorrow is your wedding.What about drawing the henna using body colors?” Everyone smiled.【语篇解读】Samia和Salem将在星期五举行婚礼,在婚礼的前一天,按照传统,新娘Samia需要涂指甲花,但是在涂指甲花的过程中,她对指甲花染料过敏,导致紧急情况的发生,好在她母亲冷静处理,最后化险为夷。8.What was Salem doing the day before the wedding?A.Working with the nurses.B.Decorating the brides hands.C.Preparing for the wedding cake.D.Visiting the tailor for the wedding suit.答案A解析细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知,在婚礼的前一天,新郎Salem还在诊所和护士一起接生一个小宝宝。因此,选A项。9.What event took place in the village on Thursday?A.Celebrating a wedding ceremony.B.Holding a babys birthday party.C.Having a feast party.D.Ordering the wedding dress.答案C解析细节理解题。由第二段中的“Grandma and Mum were busy in the kitchen with the food they had made for the henna feast for the day before Friday.”可知,星期四,即Samia和Salem婚礼的前一天,遵循传统风俗,新娘需要涂指甲花,然后有一个很大的宴会,Samia的奶奶和妈妈在为这个宴会做准备。故选C项。10.Why did Mariam run away when she saw what happened to Samia?A.To get some water.B.To call a first aider.C.To inform Samias mother.D.To fetch some cream.答案D解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Mariam suggested applying some cold cream on Samias hand and ran off and returned with some in her hand.”可知,Mariam是急救医生,她建议将冷的奶油涂在Samia的手上,于是跑开去拿奶油,而且很快拿了一些回来。故选D项。11.How did Samias mother feel facing the emergency?A.Regretful.B.Calm.C.Powerful.D.Nervous.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Mum took control and phoned Salem but in vain.Without hesitation,she took Samia to the hospital urgently.”可知,在大家不知所措的时候,是Samia的妈妈控制了局面,在给新郎Salem打电话无果的情况下,她毫不犹豫地与Samia的父亲和其他朋友紧急将她送到医院。在整个过程中,她显得干练、冷静,故选B项。D主题语境:人与环境电子垃圾建议用时:7实际用时:正答率:/4 The United Nations (UN) warned that waste from discarded(废弃的) electronics like mobile phones,laptops and refrigerators is piling up worldwide,and it urged far better recycling of the often hazardous rubbish.A full 44.7 million tons of e-waste was produced around the world in 2016,up 8% from two years earlier,and thats equal to 4,500 Eiffel Towers,according to a report.By 2021,the world will likely be filled with a full 52.2 million tons of such waste,which today consists mainly of fridges,washing machines and other domestic appliances,but also increasingly mobile phones and computers.At the same time,this waste,which can cause serious risks to human health and the environment,is rarely recycled or properly discarded,with most of it ending up at dumpsites(垃圾站) or in incinerators(焚化炉),according to the report.Only 20% of all e-waste,or 8.9 million tons,produced last year was documented as properly recycled.Perhaps the most promising way to reducing e-waste is a system where consumers no longer purchase devices,but instead only the services they provide,Ruediger Kuehr of UNUs Sustainable Cycles Programme told AFP.【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了现在电子产品带来大量垃圾,这种会对人类的健康和环境造成严重的危害的垃圾很少被回收或妥善处理。12.What does the underlined word “hazardous” in the first paragraph mean?A.Harmful.B.Beneficial.C.Unmanageable.D.Easy-going.答案A解析词义猜测题。由第四段第一句中的“At the same time,this waste,which can cause serious risks to human health and the environment,is rarely recycled or properly discarded”可知,这种垃圾是有害的。hazardous的意思是“有害的”。故选A项。13.How was e-waste around the world in 2016?A.The amount of e-waste was less than that in 2014.B.The amount of e-waste was more than that in 2014.C.The amount of e-waste was as high as Eiffel Tower.D.The amount of e-waste was the same as that in 2014.答案B解析细节理解题。由第二段第一句中的“e-waste was produced around the world in 2016,up 8% from two years earlier”可知,2016年全球产生的电子垃圾,要比两年前多。故选B项。14.If people dont recycle or properly handle much e-waste in future,. A.it will cost people a lot of moneyB.it will bring risks to peoples lifeC.it will take up a lot of places in the worldD.it will do harm to human health and the environment答案D解析细节理解题。由第四段第一句可知,如果人们不回收或处理不当,这种垃圾会对人类的健康和环境造成严重的危害。故选D项。15.What can we learn from the last paragraph?A.Kuehr hopes to supply more services to people.B.Kuehr hopes people use less electronic production.C.Properly using electronic production is very important.D.The most promising way to reducing e-waste has been found.答案B解析推理判断题。由最后一段可推知,库尔认为减少电子垃圾的最可行的方法是构建一个系统,在这个系统中消费者不再购买设备。故选B项。