2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷(新高考地区专用)(解析版)(五).docx

绝密启用前2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷第五模拟高考新动向 2022年新高考英语稳中有变，题型仍然是20（ 阅读四选一 + 七选五 ）+15（语言运用）+10（语法填空）+应用文写作（词数80词）+读后续写（无划线词），但阅读理解题型由“阅读理解”改为“阅读”且分值加大，每小题2.5分；完形填空题型由“语言知识运用”改为“语言运用”，数量减少，分值减少，删掉短文改错题型，新增了读后续写新型写作，总体写作分值40分。考生备考时需要在阅读和写作上面多下功夫考题大预测 本套试卷阅读理解为应用文+记叙文+说明文（两篇）的结构，其中A介绍参观澳大利亚热带雨林的注意事项，B篇为记叙文，介绍了某个作家的一本书，C篇为说明文，讲述任何将肉从食谱中去除，D篇为外刊素材，研究人员对孩子自控力的研究；七选五阅读为说明文，讲述成功的语言学习者的经验和方法；完形填空为记叙文，讲述和顾客的关系经营理念；语法填空为说明文，讲述人工智能教科书进入高中课堂；写作主要是常规的应用文写作（介绍题材）和新型写作读后续写注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ARainforest is scattered along Australias east coast in western Tasmania, and small pockets across north Australia from Cape York to the Kimberley. Most of Australias rainforest-over million hectares -is in Queensland.Where can see rainforest?You can see rainforest in many national parks in Queensland. Some parks have facilities for bushwalking; others are suitable only for experienced walkers. If you would like to know more about rainforest, check with your local Queensland Parks and Wildlife Service Office.Threats to survivalWeeds, fire, wild animals (pigs, dogs and cats), clearing for residential development, and visitor pressures (eg. littering) threaten remaining rainforest biodiversity.Fragmented rainforest is particularly under threat. Private landholders who have rainforest habitat on their property can help conserve this special ecosystem and the many plant and animal species living within it.How you can helpStay on walking tracks. Delicate ground cover plants are easily trampled.Clean your boots beforehand to avoid introducing soil virus.Remember, everything is protected. Dont pick, break or remove any plants.Dont feed native animals. Feeding is harmful and may lead to aggressive behavior.Leave the rainforest as you found it. Take your rubbish home with you. Buried rubbish uncovered by forest animals can harm them.Leave your pets at home. They are not allowed in national parks and can chase, scare and kill animals.If you camp within the park， disturb the forest floor as little as possible. Dont cut trees for tent poles or clear plants around your campsite.Only use fuel stoves when cooking in rainforests Nutrient recycling is critical in a rainforest so gathering leaf litter and dead branches for fires can cause damage.Dont use soap, toothpaste, sunscreen or detergent in waterways. They pollute the water and harm aquatic animals.1How can you appreciate the rainforest in Queensland?ABy building facilities in the national parks.BBy accumulating experience of walking.CBy bushwalking in the national parks.DBy checking with the local people.2Which of the following contributes to the conservation if you are in the rainforest?AKeeping on the paths.BCleaning your boots while walking.CBurying rubbish in the rainforest.DGathering dead branches for firewood.3What is forbidden in the rainforest?ACamping.BCooking.CWalking your dog.DWashing your hands.【答案】1C 2A 3C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在澳大利亚昆土兰参观热带雨林时的注意事项。1细节理解题。根据“Where can see rainforest?”部分中“You can see rainforest in many national parks in Queensland. Some parks have facilities for bushwalking;”可知，可以通过山林徒步旅行来欣赏昆士兰热带雨林，故选C项。2细节理解题。根据“How you can help”部分中“Stay on walking tracks. Delicate ground cover plants are easily trampled.”可知，脆弱的地面植被很容易被踩踏，所以待在人行道观赏有助于保护雨林。故选A项。3推理判断题。根据“How you can help”部分中“Leave your pets at home. They are not allowed in national parks and can chase, scare and kill animals.”可知，国家公园不允许带宠物，它们可能会追逐、惊吓、杀死动物，由此可知，C项“遛狗”在雨林是不允许的。故选C项。BIn the mid-1990s, Tom Bissell taught English as a volunteer in Uzbekistan. He left after seven months, physically broken and having lost his mind. A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea.His visit, however, ended up involving a lot more than that. Hence this book, Chasing the Sea: Lost Among the Ghosts of Empire in Central Asia, which talks about a road trip from Tashkent to Karakalpakstan, where millions of lives have been destroyed by the slow drying up of the sea. It is the story of an American travelling to a strange land, and of the people he meets on his way: Rustam, his translator, a lovely 24-year-old who picked up his colorful English in California, Oleg and Natasha, his hosts in Tashkent, and a string of foreign aid workers.This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.Mr Bissell skillfully organizes historical insights and cultural references, making his tale a well-rounded picture of Uzbekistan, seen from Western eyes. His judgment and references are decidedly American, as well as his delicate stomach. As the author explains, this is neither a travel nor a history book, or even a piece of reportage. Whatever it is, the result is a fine and vivid description of the purest of Central Asian traditions.4What made Mr Bissell return to Uzbekistan?AHis friends' invitation.BHis interest in the country.CHis love for teaching.DHis desire to regain health.5What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?ADeveloping a serious mental disease.BTaking a guided tour in Central Asia.CWorking as a volunteer in Uzbekistan.DWriting an article about the Aral Sea.6Which of the following best describes Mr Bissell's road trip in Uzbekistan?ARomantic.BEventful.CPleasant.DDangerous.7What is the purpose of this text?ATo introduce a book.BTo explain a cultural phenomenon.CTo remember a writer.DTo recommend a travel destination.【答案】4B5D6B7A【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Bissell写的追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵这本书。这本书是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。4细节理解题。根据第一段的”A few years later, still attracted to the country. he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Ara Sea”可知，几年后，Bissell仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。因此推断出对这个国家的兴趣让Bissell先生再次返回乌兹别克斯坦。故选B。5词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章这件事，根据第一段最后一句”A few years later, still attracted to the country, he returned to Uzbekistan to write an article about the disappearance of the Aral Sea(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。6推理判断题。根据第三段”This is a quick look at life in Uzbekistan, made of friendliness and warmth, but also its darker side of society. In Samarkand, Mr Bissell admires the architectural wonders, while on his way to Bukhara he gets a taste of police methods when suspected of drug dealing. In Ferghana, he attends a mountain funeral(葬礼)followed by a strange drinking party. And in Karakalpakstan, he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases and fishing boats stuck miles from the sea.”可知，在乌兹别克斯坦的旅途中，Mr Bissell既体会到了友善和温暖，也看到了社会的黑暗面。在撒马尔罕，Mr Bissell欣赏到了的建筑奇观。在前往布哈拉的路上，他因为被怀疑进行毒品交易，他尝到了警察的伎俩。在费尔干纳，他参加了一个山区葬礼，然后参加了一个奇怪的酒会。在卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦，他为沙尘暴、疾病和被困在数英里外的渔船而难过。由此可知，在旅途中，他经历了很多事情。结合选项，B选项(充满事件的，多事的)可以表达此意。故选B。7推理判断题。文章第一段提到书的作者的乌兹别克斯坦之行，引出他写的书，接下来三段讲述了他的书追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵的故事内容，是乌兹别克斯坦生活的一个快速观察。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍一本书。故选A。CIn recent times, vegetarianism has become more popular, but it is still not the best option for many. If you may be contemplating removing meat from your diet but do not want to go completely meat-free, perhaps try going meat-free for just one day a week.Sharon Palmer, a registered dietitian and author of Plant Powered for Life, discusses how “research consistently shows that plant-based diets are linked with a lower risk of obesity, hypertension, heart disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer”.She says, “Even going meatless one day a week can make a difference, as you increase all of those whole plant-foods beans, wholegrains, nuts, seeds, vegetables, fruits-and decrease more animal foods, in particular red and processed meat. A high intake of these foods has been linked with increased disease risk.”Deciding to have a more plant-based diet also increases your intake of fiber, vitamins healthy fats and minerals. To help to do this, stocking your fridge with a variety of beans, seasonable veggies, wholegrains, herbs, nuts and seeds is Palmers secret to eating more plant-based meals.Palmers other recommendation is “plantifying” your favorite dishes. “Just make your favorite entrees or meals plant-based, with a few swaps. If you love Taco Tuesday, make your tacos veggie by skipping the meat and serving black beans or a vegetarian mushroom with tofu filling. If you love Indian food, skip the chicken masala and have chickpea masala instead. These will be foods you already love and are familiar with.”Her biggest advice is to pick one day a week to follow through this and mark it on your calendar. “I love the Meatless Monday idea because people often start their best behavior at the beginning of the week. However, there may be a better day of the week for you. So just plan it,” Palmer said.8What does the underlined words “contemplating” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean.?AStoppingBDelayingCResistingDConsidering.9The writer mentions Sharon Palmer as a registered dietitian and author of a book probably because he wants his readers to_.Afirmly believe Palmers adviceBbetter understanding Palmers theoryCbuy Palmers popular bookDknow the popularity of Palmers advice.10To “plantify” your favorite dishes, you just_.Atry going meat-free one day a weekBstock your fridge with whole plant foodsCuse vegetable filings, not meat for dumplingsDplan a meatless day of the week as you like.11How about Palmers advice according to the text?ATheoreticalBPracticalCBoringDUnrealistic.【答案】8D9A10C11B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何将肉从食谱中去除，研究表明，我们可以试着每周一次不吃肉，用一些植物性食品代替它。8词义猜测题。根据划线单词后“removing meat from your diet but do not want to go completely meat-free, perhaps try going meat-free for just one day a week.”可知，从饮食中去除肉类，但又不想完全不吃肉，也许一周只尝试一天不吃肉。由此可推知，划线单词“contemplating” 的意思是“考虑”，表示考虑从饮食中去除肉类。故选D。9推理判断题。根据第二段“Sharon Palmer, a registered dietitian and author of Plant Powered for Life, discusses how “research consistently shows that plant based diets are linked with a lower risk of obesity, hypertension, heart disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer”.可知，Sharon Palmer是一位注册营养师，也是植物动力生命一书的作者，她讨论了“研究如何不断表明，植物性饮食与降低肥胖、高血压、心脏病、2型糖尿病和癌症的风险有关。”由此可推知，作者提及Sharon Palmer是一位注册营养师，也是植物动力生命一书的作者，目的是让读者坚定地相信Palmer的建议。故选A。10推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Just make your favorite entrees or meals plant-based, with a few swaps. If you love Taco Tuesday, make your tacos veggie by skipping the meat and serving black beans or a vegetarian mushroom with tofu filling. If you love Indian food, skip the chicken masala and have chickpea masala instead. These will be foods you already love and are familiar with.”可知，只要做你最喜欢的主菜或饭菜，以植物为基础，有一些交换。如果你喜欢周二的墨西哥玉米卷，那就做素食的墨西哥玉米卷吧，不吃肉，而用黑豆或素食蘑菇夹豆腐。如果你喜欢印度食物，不要吃鸡肉马沙拉，而吃鹰嘴豆马沙拉。这些都是你已经喜欢并熟悉的食物。由此可推知，要让你最爱的食物以植物为基础，包饺子可以用蔬菜馅而不是肉馅。故选C。11推理判断题。根据最后第一段“Her biggest advice is to pick one day a week to follow through this and mark it on your calendar. ”可知，她最大的建议是每周选择一天，以完成此操作并将其标记在您的日历上。由此可知，Palmer的建议比较实用。故选B。DOver 40 years ago, Walter Mischel, a psychologist, explored self-control in children with a simple but effective test. His test using the “marshmallow (棉花糖) test” laid the groundwork for the modern study of self-control.Mischel and his colleagues presented a preschooler with a plate of treats such as marshmallows. The child was then told that the researcher had to leave the room for a few minutes, and if the child waited until the researcher returned, she could have two marshmallows. If not, she would be allowed to eat only one marshmallow.In children as well as adults, willpower can be thought of as a basic ability to delay gratification (满足). Preschoolers with good self-control sacrifice the immediate pleasure of a marshmallow in order to enjoy two more at some later point.The marshmallow test eventually led Mischel and his colleagues to develop a framework to explain our ability to delay gratification. He proposed what he called a “hot-and-cool” system to explain why willpower succeeds or fails. The cool system is essentially a thinking system, reminding yourself, for instance, why you shouldnt eat the marshmallow. The hot system, however, is emotional. It is responsible for quick responses to certain triggers (诱因)such as eating the marshmallow without thinking of the long-term benefits.When Mischel revisited his marshmallow-test subjects as adolescents, he found that teenagers who had waited longer for the marshmallows as preschoolers were more likely to achieve high grades, exhibit self-control in frustrating situations and concentrate.However, the marshmallow study didnt end there. Recently, another group of researchers tracked down 59 subjects, now in their 40s, who had participated in the marshmallow experiments as children. The researchers tested the subjects willpower strength with a laboratory task known to show self-control in adults. Much to their surprise, the subjects willpower differences had largely remained over four decades.Research has yet to fully explain why some people are more sensitive to emotional triggers, and whether these patterns might be corrected. However, the recent findings offer a future biological research direction for the push and pull of “marshmallow”.12What can we know about Mischels test?AIt provided a basis for the study of self-control.BIt was interesting for kids.CIt was effective to adults.DIt was applied to primary school students.13What is paragraph 4 mainly about?AThe relationship between two systems.BAn explanation for the research results.CThe benefits of delay gratification.DA framework to generate delay gratification.14How did the second group of researchers feel about the outcome of their test?AIts encouraging.BIts doubtful.CIts exciting.DIts unexpected.15What can we learn from the last paragraph?AResearchers have grasped different patterns of willpower.BPeople should try hard to have willpower.CMore research into willpower needs to be done.DIts hard to describe the sensitivity to emotional triggers.【答案】12A13B14D15C【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了研究人员对孩子自控力的研究，以及自控力对人的工作和生活的影响。12细节理解题。根据第一段中“His test using the “marshmallow (棉花糖) test”laid the groundwork for the modern study of self-control.”可知，他使用“棉花糖测试”的测试为现代自我控制研究奠定了基础。由此可知，他的实验为后续做自控力研究提供了基础。故选A。13主旨大意题。根据第四段的