浙江省绍兴市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末调测英语试题.docx

2021学年第二学期高中期末调测高二英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题）、第二卷（非选择题），满分150分，考试时间为120分钟。所有题目的答案都必须写在答题卷上。第I卷注意事项：1. 答第卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 Where are the speakers?A. At a cafeteria. B. At the bathroom. C. At a train station.2. What made Jane unhappy?A. The size of the pool. B. The customers complaint. C. The partners misunderstanding.3. Why was the man late again?A. He couldnt find his car key.B. He left his spare key in a taxi.C. He was caught in a traffic jam.4. What will Mary do on Sunday evening?A. Meet a dentist. B. Go to Bobs wedding. C. Send an invitation.5. What are the speakers talking about?A. An appointment. B. A presentation. C. A job interview.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Who hurt the mans nose?A. The monkey. B. His daughter. C. His client.7. What does the woman advise the man to do?A. To see a doctor. B. To take a rest. C. To inspect the fingernails.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8. Whats the possible relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Teacher and student. C. Father and daughter.9. What does the girl agree to do?A. Study hard. B. Go on a diet. C. Do more exercise.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What does the man prefer?A. Realistic paintings. B. Watercolor paintings. C. Abstract paintings.11. What does the woman think of abstract paintings?A. They are easy to draw. B. They inspire imagination. C. They enhance peoples mood.12. What can we know about the Sitting Woman?A. Its drawn by the couples son.B. It attracts the man and the woman.C. It is composed of shapes and lines.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. What can be learned from the conversation?A. They got lost on the way to the party.B. They forgot to print out the map.C. They never trust Google Maps.14. What is the womans attitude towards Google Maps?A. Objective. B. Approving. C. Negative.15. What company does the woman work for?A. Yahoo. B. Apple. C. Google.16 What are the speakers going to do next?A. To criticize the Google. B. To find a gas station nearby. C. To examine the Google Maps.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. When was William Wordsworth born?A. In 1770. B. In 1791. C. In 1798.18. What represented the starting of the Romantic Movement?A The birth anniversary of Wordsworth.B. The publication of Lyrical Ballads.C. Wordsworths graduation from Cambridge.19. What did “Romantic” mean according to Wordsworth?A. Rural life and nature. B. Simple language of poems. C. Genuine love between people.20. What is the text mainly about?A. A comment on Wordsworth.B. An introduction to Wordsworth.C. A guidance about Wordsworths works.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AEAST ORANGE, N.J. (CBS New York) A third grader who knew what to do in an emergency and took action is being credited with saving a life at school.Kori Scott, 9, was honored Thursday by the mayor of East Orange, New Jersey for her quick-thinking and bravery when a friend began choking in the lunchroom about two weeks ago.“I could just tell, because when I saw her starting to swallow, she stopped and started pounding on the table,” she told CBS2s Clark Fouraker. Scott said her friend was eating a burrito and left the cafeteria at Bowser Elementary looking for water. “I started following her and when I came out, she was holding onto a rail,” she said.It would be an urgent situation for anyone, but Scott remembered something important as she left the lunchroom her friend would not be able to take a drink of water, because she was choking. “I knew if she was holding onto the railing and she went to lean her head over, she would have hit her head and she would have passed out,” she said. “So I pulled her over, did the Heimlich maneuver one, two, three. But I did it one more time to make sure that she wasnt choking.”“I picked her up from school. The teacher came out near-tears and she was like Kori did an exceptional job, an amazing job today. And I was like, What? She said, she saved a life.” Scotts mother, Kiana, said. Scott learned to do the Heimlich after her father performed it on her when she was three.“Koris smart instincts (直觉) and quick action are the characteristics of a true hero,” said Mayor Ted Green. For her bravery, the mayor is making Scott “Mayor-For-The-Day” on Friday. Her friend may not be alive today if the girl hadnt known exactly what to do and sprung into action. In addition to learning the Heimlich maneuver from her father, Kori has been training classes with her mother, a security guard with the school district.1. What do we know about Kori Scott?A. She is careful and quick-minded.B. She performed Heimlich maneuver before.C. She received first aid training from her mother.D. She panicked at the sight of her friends choking.2. What is the text mainly about?A. Fathers previous performance guaranteed Scotts success.B. First-aid techniques enabled Scott to escape from danger.C. The teacher was satisfied with Scotts heroic deeds.D. Scott was honored for saving her choking friend.3. What is the text?A. A short story.B. A research paper.C. A news report.D. A course advertisement.【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是一名三年级学生Kori Scott因用海姆利克氏急救法在学校挽救了一条生命而受到表扬。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的“I could just tell, because when I saw her starting to swallow, she stopped and started pounding on the table(我能看出来，因为当我看到她开始吞咽的时候，她停了下来，开始拍桌子)”可知，她很细心；根据第四段的“So I pulled her over, did the Heimlich maneuver one, two, three. But I did it one more time to make sure that she wasnt choking.(所以我把她拉到路边，做了海姆利克急救法一、二、三。但我又做了一次，以确保她没有窒息。)”以及第二段的“her quick-thinking(她的机智)”可知，她反应很迅速，因此她是细心而机敏的。故选A。【2题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Kori Scott, 9, was honored Thursday by the mayor of East Orange, New Jersey for her quick-thinking and bravery when a friend began choking in the lunchroom about two weeks ago.(大约两周前，9岁的科里·斯科特的一位朋友在餐厅里噎住了，她的机智和勇敢被新泽西州东奥兰奇市市长授予了荣誉。)”可知，本文主要讲的是一名三年级学生Kori Scott因用海姆利克氏急救法在学校挽救了一条生命而受到表扬，故选D。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“EAST ORANGE, N.J. (CBS New York) A third grader who knew what to do in an emergency and took action is being credited with saving a life at school.(东奥兰治，新泽西州(CBS纽约)一名知道在紧急情况下该做什么并采取行动的三年级学生因在学校挽救了一条生命而受到表扬。)”和第二段“Kori Scott, 9, was honored Thursday by the mayor of East Orange, New Jersey for her quick-thinking and bravery when a friend began choking in the lunchroom about two weeks ago.(大约两周前，9岁的科里·斯科特的一位朋友在餐厅里噎住了，她的机智和勇敢被新泽西州东奥兰奇市市长授予了荣誉。)”推知，本文是一篇新闻报道，故选C。BWe live in a time when robots entertain, teach and surprise us. Just as smartphones and social media offer a connectivity beyond anything we imagined, robots are beginning to offer physical capabilities and artificial intelligence (AI) beyond our expectations. Together, these technologies could be used to help solve important challenges like ageing societies, environmental threats and global conflicts.But many of us wonder whether AI will become so intelligent in human communication that the boundaries between human and artificial beings will blur. If it is possible to build a meaningful interaction with an artificial agent, will there still be a division in the relationships we have with people and technology? Also, once our human bodies and minds are enhanced with AI and robotics, what will it mean to be “human”?From an engineering perspective, these advanced capabilities are still very far away. A number of hurdles need to be overcome. For now, robots and computers are completely dependent on a power source they require a lot of electricity, and this complicates integrating robotic elements with human organic tissue. Another hurdle is the complexity of human communication. While a one-off natural language conversation in a specific context with a robot can feel realistic, engaging people verbally and non-verbally over many contexts is quite another matter.For example, when you call an artificial lost-and-found agent at an airport, a pleasant conversation is possible because there are only a limited number of goals the caller has. However, in creating a more extended relationship, for example, with a robotic pet, the robot needs to have internal goals, an extensive memory that relates experiences to various contexts, and it needs to develop these capabilities over time.Through smart “tricks”, a robot can seem more intelligent and capable than it is. Humans have the tendency to “make sense” of the robots behaviors in a human way. However, in order to sustain a meaningful relationship which deepens and evolves over time, an extensive artificial inner life will need to be created.4. What is the message conveyed in paragraph 2?A. AI technology is undergoing unexpected reforms.B. Humans cant build a meaningful interaction with robots.C. People doubt whether artificial beings can replace humans.D. Social problems may be solved with the development of AI.5. What can be inferred about AI from paragraphs 3 4?A. Gaps exist between technology and advanced AI capabilities.B. It is impossible to make a realistic conversation with a robot.C. Robot pets have a memory linked to previous experiences.D. Future robots can operate without electricity.6. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Robots Behaviors Are Worthy of Being UnderstoodB. Various Factors Restrict Expansion of AI CapabilitiesC. High Technologies Facilitate the Man-machine InteractionD. Artificial Inner Life Needs Extending for Sustainable Human-Robot Relations【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了机器人开始提供超出我们预期的物理能力和人工智能，但是人工智能能否取代人类仍然存在疑问。文章说明了其中存在的障碍，指出人为的内在生命需要扩展以维持人机关系。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“But many of us wonder whether AI will become so intelligent in human communication that the boundaries between human and artificial beings will blur. If it is possible to build a meaningful interaction with an artificial agent, will there still be a division in the relationships we have with people and technology? Also, once our human bodies and minds are enhanced with AI and robotics, what will it mean to be “human”?(但我们很多人都想知道，人工智能是否会在与人交流时变得如此智能，以至于人与人工之间的界限变得模糊。如果有可能与人工代理建立有意义的互动，那么我们与人与技术的关系还会有分歧吗？此外，一旦我们的身体和大脑被人工智能和机器人技术增强，“人类”将意味着什么？)”可知，第2段所传达的信息是人们怀疑人工生命是否能取代人类。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“A number of hurdles need to be overcome. For now, robots and computers are completely dependent on a power source they require a lot of electricity, and this complicates integrating robotic elements with human organic tissue. Another hurdle is the complexity of human communication. While a one-off natural language conversation in a specific context with a robot can feel realistic, engaging people verbally and non-verbally over many contexts is quite another matter.(还有许多障碍需要克服。目前，机器人和计算机完全依赖于电源它们需要大量的电力，这使得机器人与人体有机组织的集成变得复杂。另一个障碍是人类交流的复杂性。与机器人在特定环境下进行一次性的自然语言对话可能会让人感到真实，但让人们在多种环境下进行口头或非口头交流则是另一回事)”以及第四段中“However, in creating a more extended relationship, for example, with a robotic pet, the robot needs to have internal goals, an extensive memory that relates experiences to various contexts, and it needs to develop these capabilities over time.(然而，在创造一个更广泛的关系时，例如，与一个机器人宠物，机器人需要有内部目标，一个广泛的记忆，将经验联系到各种环境，它需要随着时间的推移发展这些能力)”可推知，技术和先进的人工智能能力之间存在差距。故选A。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中“However, in order to sustain a meaningful relationship which deepens and evolves over time, an extensive artificial inner life will need to be created.(然而，为了维持一段随着时间推移而加深和发展的有意义的关系，需要创造一个广泛的人工内在生命)”结合文章主要说明了机器人开始提供超出我们预期的物理能力和人工智能，但是人工智能能否取代人类仍然存在疑问。文章说明了其中存在的障碍，指出人为的内在生命需要扩展以维持人机关系。可知，D选项“人为的内在生命需要扩展以维持人机关系”最符合文章标题。故选D。CThe majority of people are unable to commit to a healthy long-term lifestyle although they are somehow willing to! There seems to be a paradox here.We become more aware of the importance of leading a healthy lifestyle on a regular basis. Yet, we just dont manage to. We may engage in a variety of short-term projects: 1-week detox retreats or 1-month severe diets. But the benefits these short-term activities produce are quickly lost as we are dragged back to our “bad” habits in the longer-term. The inability to stick to a healthy lifestyle makes us feel frustrated and unhealthy. What is the way out then?The first step is to understand the problem more deeply: What are the main obstacles of pursuing a healthy lifestyle? Which are the fundamental aspects to a healthy lifestyle? How are they interconnected? If we understand the problem and its components more deeply, we are one step closer to coming up with a solution.Surveys show how in 85% of cases in the US and Europe, the main obstacles to pursuing a healthy lifestyle are to be found among lack of awareness, time, self-control and guidelines.“Humans tend to heavily discount the future, meaning things that we have now are more valuable to us than things well have in a few years.” said A. Braun in 2019. For this reason, we cannot correctly weigh the costs and consequences of choosing unhealthy habits today, and we tend to give in to short-term pleasures, although this means reducing longer-term benefits.We deliberately choose to experience and enjoy short-term pleasure, mainly because of a stress condition we may have, or because of personality. The underlying reason for these behaviors is primarily stress, as neuroscience discoveries in fact suggest, “In general, stress results in habit behavior in humans, so dealing first and foremost with stress is probably advisable when you are looking to make lasting changes. Luckily, your brain can change throughout life. Decreasing stress could finally help your brain become less easily influenced by habit.”7. Why do people engage in various short-term projects?A. To delete a bad habit.B. To keep healthy in lifestyle.C. To go on a severe diet.D. To solve the paradox.8. What is the obstacle of pursuing a healthy lifestyle?A. Lacking enough self-discipline.B. Gaining no reward from working out.C. Having no motive when making schedules.D. Relying on too much guidance from others.9. By quoting A. Brauns words in paragraph 5, the author wants to .A. highlight the association between habits and lifestyleB. stress the long-term value of adopting healthy habitsC. show a trend of pursuing long-term pleasuresD. convey peoples commitment to a healthy lifestyle10. What can we learn about neuroscience discoveries?A. Changing brain activities helps decrease stress.B. Personality contributes to ones short-term pleasure.C. Peoples ha