2023届新教材老高考英语人教版一轮习题-必修第一册unit3　sportsandfitness.docx

【基础达标练】基础默写.单词背诵阅读词汇词义默写1fitness n健康；健壮；适合2soccer n足球；足球运动3stadium n体育场；运动场4boxing n拳击(运动)5badminton n羽毛球运动6marathon n马拉松赛跑7gymnastics n体操(训练)8legend n传奇故事(或人物)；传说9graceful adj.优美的；优雅的10million num.一百万11jog vi.& n慢跑12error n错误；差错写作词汇词形默写13event n比赛项目；大事；公开活动14host vt.主办；主持 n主人；东道主；节目主持人15athlete n运动员；运动健儿16master n高手；主人vt.精通；掌握17glory n荣誉；光荣；赞美18medal n奖章；勋章19captain n(运动队)队长；船长；机长20pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮21cheat vi.作弊；舞弊 vt.欺骗；蒙骗 n欺骗手段；骗子22audience n观众；听众23positive adj.积极的；正面的；乐观的；肯定的24slim adj.苗条的；单薄的25diet n规定饮食；日常饮食 vi.节食26rather adv.相当；有点儿拓展词汇词形变化27honour n荣誉；尊敬；荣幸honoured adj.受尊敬的；感到荣幸的28champion n冠军；优胜者championship n锦标赛；冠军赛；冠军称号29determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心determination n决心；决定determined adj.坚决的；有决心的30injure vt.使受伤；损害injured adj.受伤的；有伤的injury n伤害；损伤31strong adj.强壮的；坚强的strength n力量；体力strengthen vt.加强；巩固32fail vi.失败；不及格failure n失败；失败的人(或事物)33compete vi.对抗；竞争competition n竞争competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争性的competitor n竞争者34stress n压力；紧张；重音 vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安 stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的stressed adj.焦虑不安的.核心短语默写1come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快2track and field 田径3work out 锻炼；计算出；解决4make it 获得成功；准时到达5set an example 树立榜样6fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃7lose heart 丧失信心；泄气8give up 放弃；投降9make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚10pretend to do sth. 假装做某事11even if/though 即使；虽然12make a difference 有作用或影响13rather than 而不是14cut.out 停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下15now and then 有时；偶尔16compare.with/to. 与比较.教材原句补全1Losing two important players was a big challenge，but Lang Ping did not lose heart.损失两大主力队员是个巨大的挑战，但是郎平没有气馁。2The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.他(乔丹)在芝加哥所创建的“男孩女孩俱乐部”从1996年至今一直在帮助年轻人。3I always wanted to look like the slim girls on TV even though I knew that it was impossible我总是努力想让自己看起来像电视上的那些苗条女孩，尽管我明知这不可能。4In sports，there is no use pretending to fall down or be hurt，because in the end，the audience will see through it.在体育比赛中，假装摔倒或受伤是没用的，因为最终观众会看穿的。5This week，our group of five students did a survey of our classmates to find out what sports interests and needs our students have本周，我们五人学生小组做了一项调查，看看我们的同学们有什么样的体育爱好和需求。语言运用.单句语法填空1Firefighters run the risk of getting injured(injure)in a burning building to save people.2After many failures(fail)，he finally set up his own company.3If you cheat in the exam，you'll never get away with it.4Lily weighed more than 70 kilograms so she decided to go on a diet every day.5We have won a glorious(glory)victory over our opponents.6Most of us say we would like to get old gracefully(graceful)7You look much slimmer(slim)these days than before.8The teacher pretended to have known(know)the truth and asked the boys to write down the process of their fight.一句多译/句式升级1我很荣幸能在这里与你分享关于高中要学习什么的看法。 It is my honour to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn at senior high school.(honour n) I am/feel honoured to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn at senior high school.(honoured)2他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。He stressed the importance of receiving a good education.(stress v)He laid/placed/put stress on the importance of receiving a good education.(stress n)3He pretended that he was listening to the English course when I came in.He pretended to be listening to the English course when I came in.(pretend to do.)4He was determined to look after his parents well，so he moved to live with them.Determined to look after his parents well，he moved to live with them.(分词短语作状语)5When Professor Wang heard the research group was falling apart，he felt very sad.Hearing the research group was falling apart，Professor Wang felt very sad.(分词短语作状语)【模拟提升练】.阅读理解How does a brilliant teacher get that way？The question of how they developed has as many answers as there are inspired instructors.One example is an original and charming woman who has become one of the best ever at taking disadvantaged students to a new level.Jackson was born in Altoona.Her father was a construction worker.When she was in the eighth grade，her father died.Her principal，Mrs.Brown，said not to worry about schoolwork for a while.That upset her.Her father would not have wanted her to do anything but her best.He always said，“Don't let your first failure be the reason for your next.”Jackson was an accomplished shooting guard in basketball and a star sprinter on the track team，running the quarter­mile in 57 seconds.She thought she might become a sports broadcaster.She gave no thought to teaching until a friend took her to an introduction to a program，which placed novice instructors in schools full of low­income children.Jackson liked the idea of giving back，as well as the chance to have some of her student loans forgiven.She is a big sportsperson，and that is how she connects with lots of kids.She couldn't motivate children until she knew what was bothering or pleasing them.“Students learn from people who love them，” she said.“They will be motivated and inspired to learn if they know deep down that you care about them.” In class she gave basketball tickets to students who were doing their work.At weekly drawings they could win sticky notes，pencils or other small prizes.She helped create after­school clubs.A tall student said to her，“I'm a baller.I heard you play ball.”There was a basketball league in Paterson，but the school didn't have a team.Jackson started one with support from local business executives.The student，Essence Carson，went to Rutgers University，was a first­round draft(运动员选拔制)selection for the WNBA's New York Liberty and now plays for the Connecticut Sun.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文，文章描述了优秀运动员Jackson的成长经历，讲述了她是怎样投身体育教育事业的，以及她对贫穷儿童的体育教育所做的贡献。1Why did Mrs.Brown's words upset Jackson?AHer father just passed away.BShe was taught to do her best.CHer first failure led to another one.DShe was concerned about her grades.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her principal，Mrs.Brown，said not to worry about schoolwork for a while.That upset her.Her father would not have wanted her to do anything but her best.”可知，她自小受到的教育就是做事尽全力，所以校长让她暂时不要担心功课让她不高兴。答案：B2What is the main idea of paragraph 3?AThe way Jackson turned teacher.BThe dream job Jackson desired.CThe student loans Jackson owed.DThe athletics Jackson did well in.解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，Jackson是技艺高超的投球后卫和短程赛明星选手，她原本认为她可能会成为一个体育运动广播员，直到一个朋友带她去参加了一个项目的介绍时，她才想到了教学。故本段主要讲了她是如何成为教师的。答案：A3Why did Jackson give small prizes to her students in class?ATo connect with them.BTo please or bother them.CTo encourage them to learn.DTo show her love to them.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“They will be motivated and inspired to learn if they know deep down that you care about them.”可推知，她给学生小奖品是为了鼓励学生学习。答案：C4What can we infer from the last paragraph?AJackson founded a school team in Paterson alone.BJackson played in the basketball league in Paterson.CJackson selected Essence to play for WNBA's New York Liberty.DJackson should take some credit for Essence's professional career.解析：推理判断题。文章在最后提到一个学生Essence上了名校，曾被美国女子篮球联盟的纽约自由人球队在第一轮运动员选拔制中选中，现在为太阳队效力。由此可推知，Jackson应该因Essence的职业生涯而获得一些赞扬。答案：D.阅读七选五Many hear endlessly how good exercise is for our health，but you might be surprised to know just how good._1_It helps you breathe better.Frequent exercise improves the volume of oxygen you can use in your body.This is what makes you fit and the benefits aren't limited to sport._2_ Attending some professional courses can build core strength and improve shape，and so strengthen breathing muscles.Physical activity enhances your mental health.Doing something active releases “happy” brain chemicals that make you more positive.The more you do it，the better you'll feel.But you do need to work up a bit of a sweat.If you've had a bad day，treat yourself to a little bit of exercise._3_4_The way your guts(内脏)feel often impacts on your mental and physical health.Walking，running and yoga strengthen abdominal(腹部的)muscles，increase the heart rate and encourage your muscles to move digestive waste through your body more efficiently and digest food more quickly.Keeping active keeps you young.There may not be an elixir(灵丹妙药)of youth just yet，but keeping fit comes close.Just 15 minutes of exercise a day for eight years can increase your lifespan by three years.The more you do，the longer you could live._5_ It can be low­intensity exerciseswimming，a gentle exercise，a long walk on a running machine at the gym，or a low­intensity workout via special APPs.AIt aids your digestion.BIt gives you a better appetite.CIncreased muscle strength helps too.DHere are the benefits you can get from exercise.EThis is because physical activity delays cell ageing.FPeople think this will catch our attention and inspire our action.GPower walking or rope skipping is a brilliant stress reliever.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章从呼吸、心理健康、助消化、延缓衰老四个方面介绍了你也许不太了解的运动对身体的好处。1解析：空处在第一段结尾，再由下文所列的几方面好处可知，此处需要一个可以引出下文的总结性句子，故D项“以下是你可以从锻炼中得到的好处”符合语境。答案：D2解析：根据空前的“.the benefits aren't limited to sport.”可知，不只运动会带来这些益处，再结合空后一句“Attending some professional courses.and so strengthen breathing muscles.”尤其是关键词strengthen breathing muscles可知，C项“增强的肌肉力量也有所帮助”符合语境。答案：C3解析：根据本段小标题可知，本段主要说明锻炼带来的心理方面的好处，故G项“快走或跳绳都是一种很好的减压方式”符合语境。答案：G4解析：空处为下面段落的标题。该段内容主要讲了运动给消化系统带来的好处。故A项“它有助于你的消化”符合语境。答案：A5解析：根据该段小标题可知，本段主要说明锻炼可以让你年轻，空前一句表述你做的(运动)越多，你就能活得越久，E项“这是因为体育活动会延缓细胞衰老”解释了原因，符合语境。答案：E